凹塔螺屬

凹塔螺屬
	凹塔螺活体
	Retusa leptoeneilema的一组贝壳
科学分类
界：	动物界 Animalia
门：	軟體動物門 Mollusca
纲：	腹足纲 Gastropoda
演化支：	真後鰓類 Euopisthobranchia
目：	头楯目 Cephalaspidea
科：	凹塔螺科 Retusidae
属：	凹塔螺屬 Retusa; T. Brown, 1827
模式種
	Bulla obtusa Montagu, 1803;
異名
	Coleophysis P. Fischer, 1883; Cylichnina Monterosato, 1884; Mamilloretusa F. Nordsieck, 1972; Retua [sic] (misspelling); Retusa (Coleophysis) P. Pischer, 1883; Retusa (Cylichnina) Monterosato, 1884; Retusa (Retusa) Brown, 1827; Tornatina (Coleophysis) P. Fischer, 1883; Utriculus T. Brown, 1844 (Invalid: junior homonym of Utriculus Schumacher, 1817);

凹塔螺屬（學名：Retusa），又名囊螺屬或冰柱螺屬，是頭楯目凹塔螺科之下一個海洋生物的屬^[2]。

物種[编辑]

根據WoRMS，本屬目前有約100個物種^[2]：

Retusa abyssicola Valdés, 2008
Retusa agulhasensis Thiele, 1925
Retusa amphizosta (Watson, 1886)
Retusa atkinsoni (Tenison-Woods, 1876)
Retusa canariensis (Nordsieck & Talavera, 1979)
Retusa candidula (Locard, 1892)
Retusa chrysoma Burn in Burn & Bell, 1974
Retusa chukchii Chaban, 2008
Retusa complanata (Watson, 1883)
Retusa crebrisculpta (Monterosato, 1884)
Retusa crispula (Watson, 1883)
Retusa crossei (Bucquoy, Dautzenberg & Dollfus, 1886)
Retusa desgenettii (Audouin, 1826)
Retusa diaphana Valdés, 2008
† Retusa ennucleata (Powell & Bartrum, 1929)
Retusa famelica Watson, 1883
Retusa frielei (Dall, 1881)
Retusa golikovi Chaban, 2004
冰柱螺 Retusa insignis (Pilsbry, 1904)^[3]
Retusa insolita Valdés, 2008
Retusa instabilis Minichev, 1971
Retusa laevisculpta (Granata-Grillo, 1877)
Retusa lata Chaban & Chernyshev, 2013
Retusa lenis Valdés, 2008
Retusa leptoeneilema (Brusina, 1866)
Retusa mammillata (Philippi, 1836)
Retusa mariei (Dautzenberg, 1889)
Retusa mayoi (Dall, 1889)
小囊螺 Retusa minima Yamakawa, 1911
Retusa minutissima (Monterosato, 1878)
Retusa montereyensis Smith & Gordon, 1948
Retusa natalensis Barnard, 1963
Retusa nitidula (Lovén, 1846)
Retusa obtusa (Montagu, 1803)
Retusa operculata Minichev, 1966
Retusa opima (Finlay, 1926)
Retusa oruaensis (Webster, 1908)
† Retusa otahuhuensis (Laws, 1950)
Retusa ovoides (Milaschewitsch, 1916)
卵囊螺 Retusa ovulina Lin, 1991
Retusa pellucida (Sars G. O., 1878)
Retusa pelyx Burn in Burn & Bell, 1974
Retusa pervia (Dall, 1889)
Retusa pharetra Hedley, 1909
† Retusa pressa Marwick, 1928
Retusa protumida (Hedley, 1903)
Retusa pygmaea (A. Adams, 1850)
Retusa robagliana (P. Fischer, 1869)
Retusa sakuraii (Habe, 1958)
Retusa sculpta (Gatliff & Gabriel, 1913)
† Retusa segnis (Laws, 1940)
Retusa semen (Reeve, 1855)
† Retusa soror (Suter, 1917)
Retusa sosa Ev. Marcus & Er. Marcus, 1969
Retusa striata (Hutton, 1873)
Retusa succincta (A. Adams, 1862)
Retusa sulcata (d'Orbigny, 1841)
Retusa tarutana Smythe, 1979
Retusa tenerifensis (Nordsieck & Talavera, 1979)
Retusa tornata (Watson, 1886)
Retusa toyamaensis (Habe, 1955)
Retusa trunca Valdés, 2008
Retusa truncatula (Bruguière, 1792)
Retusa umbilicata (Montagu, 1803)
Retusa variabilis (Milaschewitsch, 1912)
束腰冰柱螺 Retusa waughiana Hedley, 1899^[4]
Retusa xystrum Dall, 1919

Retusa multiquadrata Oberling, 1970 (taxon inquirendum; needs investigation)

異名：

Retusa alayoi (Espinosa & Ortea, 2004): synonym of Colinatys alayoi (Espinosa & Ortea, 2004)
Retusa anderssoni Strebel, 1908: synonym of Diaphana anderssoni (Strebel, 1908)
Retusa antarctica Melvill & Standen, 1912: synonym of Diaphana paessleri (Strebel, 1905)
Retusa apiculata (Tate, 1879): synonym of Tornatina apiculata (Tate, 1879): synonym of Acteocina apiculata (Tate, 1879)
Retusa caelata (Bush, 1885): synonym of Pyrunculus caelatus (Bush, 1885)
Retusa carinensis de Gregorio, 1889: synonym of Retusa truncatula (Bruguière, 1792)
Retusa cumberlandiana Strebel, 1908: synonym of Cylichna cumberlandiana (Strebel, 1908)
Retusa desgenettesi (Audouin, 1827): synonym of Retusa desgenettii (Audouin, 1826)
Retusa dilatata Pallary, 1904: synonym of Retusa truncatula (Bruguière, 1792)
Retusa domita (Dall, 1889): synonym of Cylichnium domitum (Dall, 1908)
Retusa eumicra (Crosse in Crosse & Fischer, 1865): synonym of Tornatina eumicra (Crosse, 1865): synonym of Acteocina eumicra (Crosse, 1865)
Retusa fourierii (Audouin, 1826): synonym of Pyrunculus fourierii (Audouin, 1826)
Retusa frigida Hedley, 1916: synonym of Diaphana paessleri (Strebel, 1905)
Retusa gaimardi Finlay, 1927: synonym of Acteocina decorata (Pilsbry, 1904)
Retusa girardi (Audouin, 1826): synonym of Ventomnestia girardi (Audouin, 1826)
Retusa gordonis Yokoyama, 1927: synonym of Acteocina gordonis (Yokoyama, 1927)
Retusa inflata Strebel, 1908: synonym of Diaphana inflata (Strebel, 1908)
Retusa lactea (Jeffreys, 1877): synonym of Diaphana lactea (Jeffreys, 1877)
Retusa mariateresae Parenzan, 1970: synonym of Bulla striata Bruguière, 1792
Retusa marshalli Sykes, 1904: synonym of Diaphana marshalli (Sykes, 1904)
Retusa matusimana Nomura, 1939: synonym of Decorifer matusimanus (Nomura, 1939)
Retusa obtusata: synonym of Retusa obtusa (Montagu, 1803)
Retusa pellucida (Brown, 1827): synonym of Diaphana minuta T. Brown, 1827
Retusa pertenuis (Mighels, 1843): synonym of Retusa obtusa (Montagu, 1803)
Retusa pfefferi Strebel, 1908: synonym of Diaphana pfefferi (Strebel, 1908)
Retusa piriformis Nordsieck, 1972: synonym of Retusa truncatula (Bruguière, 1792)
Retusa semen Thiele, 1925: synonym of Pyrunculus pyriformis (A. Adams, 1850)
Retusa semisulcata (Philippi, 1836): synonym of Retusa truncatula (Bruguière, 1792)
Retusa strigella (Lovén, 1846): synonym of Cylichnina umbilicata (Montagu, 1803): synonym of Retusa umbilicata (Montagu, 1803)
Retusa subcylindrica (Brown, 1827): synonym of Cylichnina umbilicata (Montagu, 1803): synonym of Retusa umbilicata (Montagu, 1803)
Retusa tohokuensis Nomura, 1939: synonym of Acteocina tohokuensis (Nomura, 1939)
Retusa truncatoides Nomura, 1939: synonym of Acteocina truncatoides (Nomura, 1939)
Retusa turrita Møller, 1842: synonym of Retusa obtusa (Montagu, 1803)

參看[编辑]

半凹塔螺屬（Semiretusa）

參考文獻[编辑]

^ Brown T. (1827). Ill. Conch. G.B. & I., pl. xxxviii, fig. 1.
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 Bouchet, Philippe; Gofas, Serge. Retusa T. Brown, 1827. WoRMS. 2017-09-26 [2017-11-03].
^ 冰柱螺 Retusa insignis (Pilsbry, 1904). 臺灣生物多樣性資訊機構（TaiBIF）（中文（臺灣））.
^ 束腰冰柱螺 Retusa waughiana Hedley, 1899. 臺灣生物多樣性資訊機構（TaiBIF）（中文（臺灣））.

Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 180-213

[1] Brown T. (1827). Ill. Conch. G.B. & I., pl. xxxviii, fig. 1.

[WoRMS_138432-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Bouchet, Philippe; Gofas, Serge. Retusa T. Brown, 1827. WoRMS. 2017-09-26 [2017-11-03].

[3] 冰柱螺 Retusa insignis (Pilsbry, 1904). 臺灣生物多樣性資訊機構（TaiBIF）（中文（臺灣））.

[4] 束腰冰柱螺 Retusa waughiana Hedley, 1899. 臺灣生物多樣性資訊機構（TaiBIF）（中文（臺灣））.

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