椰子蟹
维基百科,自由的百科全书
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椰子蟹 |
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| 二名法 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Birgus latro Linnaeus,1767 |
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椰子蟹分布地區
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椰子蟹(學名:Birgus latro)又稱八卦蟹,是十足目陸寄居蟹科的节肢动物。 其體重最高可達6公斤,是現存最大型的陸生节肢动物。椰子蟹善於爬樹,能爬到樹頂覓食。[2]有人稱椰子蟹為強盜蟹,因為傳言牠們會從民居和帳篷中偷竊罐和銀器之類的東西[3]。
目录 |
特性 [编辑]
眾所周知,牠們是一種寄居蟹,能用鉗子弄破椰子的外殼,以吃其中的椰子果肉,並因以為其名。
椰子蟹多數出現於熱帶地區海岸與部分亞熱帶群島海岸,通常在日本南方的伊豆群島與琉球群島中可發現到。而台灣如東海岸、綠島、蘭嶼及恆春半島等地分佈最多。另外世界上其它地方如印度洋和太平洋的熱帶島嶼亦有分佈。
喜愛在海中潤濕鰓或繁殖,白天常躲藏於海邊陰涼的樹林、石頭及珊瑚礁之下,晚間才出沒覓食。食地瓜、椰子、木瓜和花生等。椰子蟹會爬樹,用鰓呼吸。椰子蟹是卵生動物,於海水中孵化。
參考資料及註釋 [编辑]
- ^ Eldredge. 1996年. Birgus latro. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. Downloaded on 2006年5月12日
- ^ 《中國大百科全書‧26》,北京;上海:中國大百科全書出版社,第二版,26-152頁
- ^ Sify News - 要滅絕的大尼可巴島椰子蟹?(連結失效),作者:Subhra Priyadarshini,自大尼可巴島坎貝爾灣(Campbell Bay),發放於2005年12月25日上午9時36分,星期天
參考文獻 [编辑]
- Altevogt, R., Davis., T.A. (1975) Birgus latro: India's monstrous crab. A study and an appeal. Bulletin of the Department of Marine Sciences, University of Cochin.
- Barnett, L.K., Emms, C. and Clarke, D. (1999). The coconut or robber crab (Birgus latro) in the Chagos Archipelago and its captive culture at London Zoo, pp. 273–284: in Sheppard, C.R.C. and Seaward, M.R.D. (Eds). Ecology of the Chagos Archipelago. Linnean Society Occasional Publications, 2. Westbury Publishing. pp. 351.
- Combs, C. A. N., Alford, A., Boynton, M. and Henry, R. P (1992). Behavioural regulation of haemolymph osmolarity through selective drinking in land crabs, Birgus latro and Gecarcoidea lalandii. Biol. Bull. 182, 416-.
- Greenaway, P. and Morris, S (1989). Adaptations to a terrestrial existence by the robber crab Birgus latro. III. Nitrogenous excretion. J. Exp. Biol. 143: 333-.
- Greenaway, P., Taylor, H. H. and Morris, S (1990). Adaptations to a terrestrial existence by the robber crab Birgus latro. VI. The role of the excretory system in fluid balance. J. Exp. Biol. 152: 505-.
- Grubb, P. (1971) Ecology of terrestrial decapod crustaceans on Aldabra. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society: Biological Sciences. 260: 411–416.
- Held, E.E. (1963) Moulting behaviour of Birgus latro. Nature, 200: 799–800.
- Lavery S Moritz C & Fielder DR (1996) Indo-Pacific population structure and evolutionary history of the Coconut Crab Birgus latro. Mol Ecol 5: 557–570.
- Morris, S., Taylor, H. H. and Greenaway, P (1991). Adaptations to a terrestrial existence in the robber crab Birgus latro L. VII. The branchial chamber and its role in urine reprocessing. J. Exp. Biol. 161: 315-.
- Stensmyr, M. C., Erland S., Hallberg E., Wallén R., Greenaway P., Hansson B. S. (2005). Insect-Like Olfactory Adaptations in the Terrestrial Giant Robber Crab. Current Biology 15: 116–121.
- Taylor, H. H., Greenaway, P. and Morris, S (1993). Adaptations to a terrestrial existence in the robber crab Birgus latro L. VIII. Osmotic and ionic regulation on freshwater and saline drinking regimens. J. Exp. Biol. 179: 93–113(PDF download)
外部連結 [编辑]
| 维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源:椰子蟹 |
- 椰子蟹簡介
- 完全資訊 (英文)
- ARKive - 椰子蟹(Birgus latro)圖片及影片
- 椰子蟹(Birgus latro)