計算神經科學
维基百科,自由的百科全书
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計算神經科學(Computational neuroscience)為一種跨領域科學,包含神經科學、認知科學、資訊工程、電腦科學、物理學及數學。這個詞首次出現於1985年,由史瓦茲(Eric L. Schwartz)於加州卡莫市主辦的會議中提出。其後出現的類似名詞包含neural modeling, brain theory 及 neural networks。後來相關的解釋定義皆收錄於麻省理工學院出版(1990)之Computational Neuroscience一書內。有關此領域的研究最早可追溯自Hodgkin與Huxley、Hubel與Wiesel,以及 David Marr,等人Hodgkin & Huxley發明voltage clamp技術,首次成功的將動作電位數值化。Hubel及Wiesel則發現主要視覺皮質區(primary visual cortex),此區負責處理由虹膜傳來的第一手訊息,將接收區與彙整區做出整理(Hubel & Wiesel, 1962)。
目录 |
參見 [编辑]
參考文獻 [编辑]
- Chklovskii DB. Synaptic connectivity and neuronal morphology: two sides of the same coin. Neuron. 2004, 43 (5): 609–17. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2004.08.012. PMID 15339643.
- Sejnowski, Terrence J.; Churchland, Patricia Smith. The computational brain. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press. 1992. ISBN 0-262-03188-4.
- Abbott, L. F.; Dayan, Peter. Theoretical neuroscience: computational and mathematical modeling of neural systems. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press. 2001. ISBN 0-262-04199-5.
- Hodgkin AL, Huxley AF. A quantitative description of membrane current and its application to conduction and excitation in nerve. J Physiol. (Lond.). 28 August 1952, 117 (4): 500–44. PMC 1392413. PMID 12991237.
- William Bialek; Rieke, Fred; David Warland; Rob de Ruyter van Steveninck. Spikes: exploring the neural code. Cambridge, Mass: MIT. 1999. ISBN 0-262-68108-0.
- Schutter, Erik de. Computational neuroscience: realistic modeling for experimentalists. Boca Raton: CRC. 2001. ISBN 0-8493-2068-2.
- Sejnowski, Terrence J.; Hemmen, J. L. van. 23 problems in systems neuroscience. Oxford [Oxfordshire]: Oxford University Press. 2006. ISBN 0-19-514822-3.
- Michael A. Arbib, Shun-ichi Amari, Prudence H. Arbib. The Handbook of Brain Theory and Neural Networks. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press. 2002. ISBN 0-262-01197-2.
外部連結 [编辑]
相關期刊 [编辑]
- Network: Computation in Neural Systems
- Biological Cybernetics
- Journal of Computational Neuroscience
- Neural Computation
- Neural Networks
- Neurocomputing
- Cognitive Neurodynamics
相關軟體 [编辑]
- Brian, a simulator for spiking neural networks.
- Emergent, neural simulation software.
- Genesis, a general neural simulation system.
- HHsim, a neuronal membrane simulator.
- HNeT, Holographic Neural Technology.
- MCell, A Monte Carlo Simulator of Cellular Microphysiology.
- ModelDB, a large open-access database of program codes of published computational neuroscience models.
- NEST, a simulation tool for large neuronal systems.
- Neuroconstruct, software for developing biologically realistic 3D neural networks.
- Neurofitter, a parameter tuning package for electrophysiological neuron models.
- Neurojet, a neural network simulator specialized for the hippocampus.
- NEURON, a neuron simulator also useful to simulate neural networks.
- Neurospaces, an efficient neural simulation system that uses software engineering principles from the industry.
- Neuroscience related Python tools
- PyDSTool, a simulator and dynamical systems analysis tool with biophysical neuron and network model specification/construction and data analysis toolboxes.
- SNNAP, a single neuron and neural network simulator tool.
國際會議 [编辑]
- Computational and Systems Neuroscience (COSYNE)– a computational neuroscience meeting with a systems neuroscience focus.
- Annual Computational Neuroscience Meeting (CNS)– a yearly computational neuroscience meeting.
- Neural Information Processing Systems (NIPS)– a leading annual conference covering other machine learning topics as well.
- Computational Cognitive Neuroscience Conference (CCNC)– a yearly conference.
- International Conference on Cognitive Neurodynamics (ICCN)– a yearly conference.
- UK Mathematical Neurosciences Meeting– a new yearly conference, focused on mathematical aspects.
- The NeuroComp Conference– a yearly computational neuroscience conference (France)
相關網站 [编辑]
- Perlewitz's computational neuroscience on the web
- compneuro.org, books and programs for neural modeling
- Encyclopedia of Computational Neuroscience, part of Scholarpedia, an online expert curated encyclopedia on computational neuroscience, dynamical systems and machine intelligence
- NeuroWiki, a wiki discussion forum about neuroscience research, especially systems, theoretical/computational, and cognitive neuroscience