黏液素

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(重定向自MUC13
Micrograph showing cells with prominent mucin-containing intracytoplasmic vacuoles. Pap stain.

黏液素(英語:Mucins,或简称黏素)是一类高分子量蛋白家族,且高度醣基化(属于糖缀合物英语glycoconjugate),在大部分后生动物上皮组织中都有表达。[1]黏液素的特色是它可以構成膠狀物;因此在體內分泌的膠狀分泌物中扮演重要角色,如:可以潤滑、協助細胞傳訊,及構築化學障壁[1],通常扮演身體屏障的角色。[1]

一些黏液素参与调控生物组织的矿化,如软体动物珍珠母的形成[2]棘皮动物钙化[3],以及脊椎动物骨骼的形成[4]。黏液素也通过与病原体结合来参与免疫反应,此外,过表达的黏液素蛋白,如MUC1,也与多种癌症相关[5]

Although some mucins are membrane-bound due to the presence of a hydrophobic membrane-spanning domain that favors retention in the plasma membrane, most mucins are secreted onto mucosal surfaces or secreted to become a component of saliva.

基因[编辑]

通过cDNA克隆发现了至少19个人类黏素基因——MUC1MUC2MUC3A、MUC3B、MUC4MUC5ACMUC5BMUC6MUC7、MUC8、MUC12、MUC13、MUC15、MUC16MUC17、MUC19和MUC20[6]

主要分泌于呼吸道的黏素是MUC5ACMUC5B,而MUC2主要分泌于小肠,在呼吸道中也有出现。

另见[编辑]

参考文献[编辑]

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Frédéric Marin, Gilles Luquet, Benjamin Marie, Davorin Medakovic. Molluscan Shell Proteins: Primary Structure, Origin, and Evolution. : 209–276 [2018-04-02]. doi:10.1016/s0070-2153(07)80006-8. (原始内容存档于2018-06-08). 
  2. ^ Frédéric Marin, Paul Corstjens, Béatrice de Gaulejac, Elizabeth de Vrind-De Jong, Peter Westbroek. Mucins and Molluscan Calcification MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF MUCOPERLIN, A NOVEL MUCIN-LIKE PROTEIN FROM THE NACREOUS SHELL LAYER OF THE FAN MUSSEL PINNA NOBILIS (BIVALVIA, PTERIOMORPHIA). Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2000-07-07, 275 (27): 20667–20675 [2018-04-02]. ISSN 0021-9258. doi:10.1074/jbc.m003006200. (原始内容存档于2018-06-03) (英语). 
  3. ^ Adele Boskey. Biomineralization: An Overview. Connective Tissue Research: 5–9. doi:10.1080/713713622. 
  4. ^ RJ Midura, VC Hascall. Bone sialoprotein–a mucin in disguise?. Glycobiology. 1996, 6 (7): 677–81. PMID 8953277. doi:10.1093/glycob/6.7.677. 
  5. ^ Niv Y. MUC1 and colorectal cancer pathophysiology considerations. World J. Gastroenterol. April 2008, 14 (14): 2139–41. PMC 2703837可免费查阅. PMID 18407586. doi:10.3748/wjg.14.2139. 
  6. ^ Perez-Vilar, J; Hill, RL. Mucin Family of Glycoproteins. Encyclopedia of Biological Chemistry (Lennarz & Lane, EDs.) (Oxford: Academic Press/Elsevier). 2004, 2: 758–764. 
  • Ali, M; Hutton, D; Wilson, J; Pearson, J. Major Secretory Mucin Expression in Chronic Sinusitis. Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery. September 2005, 133 (3): 423–428. PMID 16143194. doi:10.1016/j.otohns.2005.06.005.  已忽略未知参数|author-separator= (帮助)

外部链接[编辑]