ping

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ping是一個電腦網路工具,用來測試特定主機能否通過IP到達。ping的運作原理是向目標主機傳出一個ICMP echo要求封包,等待接收echo回應封包。程式會按時間和反應成功的次數,估計失去封包率(丢包率)和封包來回時間(网络时延)。

1983年12月,Mike Muuss寫了這個程式,在IP網路出問題時方便找出其根源。因為這個程式的運作和潛水艇聲納相似,他便用聲納的聲音來為程式取名。David L. Mills曾提出另一個取名:Packet Internet Grouper/Gopher(後者指地鼠)。

目录

[编辑] 例子

[编辑] Linux 系统下的示例

具有iputils的Linux系统內的ping:

 admin@localhost# ping en.wikipedia.org
 PING rr.pmtpa.wikimedia.org (66.230.200.100) 56(84) bytes of data.
 64 bytes from rr.pmtpa.wikimedia.org (66.230.200.100): icmp_seq=1 ttl=52 time=87.7 ms
 64 bytes from rr.pmtpa.wikimedia.org (66.230.200.100): icmp_seq=2 ttl=52 time=95.6 ms
 64 bytes from rr.pmtpa.wikimedia.org (66.230.200.100): icmp_seq=3 ttl=52 time=85.4 ms
 64 bytes from rr.pmtpa.wikimedia.org (66.230.200.100): icmp_seq=4 ttl=52 time=95.8 ms
 64 bytes from rr.pmtpa.wikimedia.org (66.230.200.100): icmp_seq=5 ttl=52 time=87.0 ms
 64 bytes from rr.pmtpa.wikimedia.org (66.230.200.100): icmp_seq=6 ttl=52 time=97.6 ms
 
 --- rr.pmtpa.wikimedia.org ping statistics ---
 10 packets transmitted, 10 received, 0% packet loss, time 8998ms
 rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 78.162/89.213/97.695/6.836 ms

[编辑] Windows系统下的示例

Microsoft Windows XP內置的ping:

C:\>ping www.google.com

Pinging www.l.google.com [64.233.183.103] with 32 bytes of data:


Reply from 64.233.183.103: bytes=32 time=25ms TTL=245
Reply from 64.233.183.103: bytes=32 time=22ms TTL=245
Reply from 64.233.183.103: bytes=32 time=25ms TTL=246
Reply from 64.233.183.103: bytes=32 time=22ms TTL=246

Ping statistics for 64.233.183.103:
    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
    Minimum = 22ms, Maximum = 25ms, Average = 23ms

其中

Pinging www.l.google.com [64.233.183.103] with 32 bytes of data:

www.google.comwww.l.google.com DNS別名,IP位址是64.233.183.103。 以 32 bytes 大小測試,可以以-l(Windows)參數更改,大小是1-65500

Reply from 64.233.183.103: bytes=32 time=25ms TTL=245
Reply from 64.233.183.103: bytes=32 time=22ms TTL=245
Reply from 64.233.183.103: bytes=32 time=25ms TTL=246
Reply from 64.233.183.103: bytes=32 time=22ms TTL=246

反應時間25毫秒,TTL(Time To Live)值為245 由上來看,到 google 通過 255-245 = 10 個路由

Ping statistics for 64.233.183.103:
    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
    Minimum = 22ms, Maximum = 25ms, Average = 23ms

總計,最小 22ms ,最大 25ms,平均 23ms

[编辑] 外部連結

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