TAS2R38
维基百科，自由的百科全书
| 编辑 |
| 味觉感受器，类型2，成员38 | ||||||||||||||||
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| 标识 | ||||||||||||||||
| 代号 | TAS2R38; PTC; T2R61 | |||||||||||||||
| 扩展标识 | 遗传学：607751 鼠基因：2681306 同源基因：47976 |
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| 直系同源体 | ||||||||||||||||
| 物种 | 人类 | 鼠类 | ||||||||||||||
| Entrez | 5726 | 387513 | ||||||||||||||
| Ensembl | ENSG00000183609 | ENSMUSG00000058250 | ||||||||||||||
| UniProt | P59533 | A0PK79 | ||||||||||||||
| 参考序列 | NM_176817 (mRNA) | NM_001001451 (mRNA) | ||||||||||||||
| NP_789787（蛋白） | NP_001001451（蛋白） | |||||||||||||||
| 基因位置 | 染色体7: 141.32 - 141.32 Mb |
染色体6: 40.54 - 40.54 Mb |
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| PubMed查询 | [1] | [2] | ||||||||||||||
TAS2R38是一种苦味味觉感受器[1][2]，该感受器可以尝出苯硫脲[3]和丙硫氧嘧啶[4]或者相关物质的苦味。这一点和大多数苦味感受器有所不同，即该感受器是对某类物质敏感，而大多数感受器则不会表现出强烈的选择性，能对多种物质做出响应[5]。该感受器所能尝出的相应物质大量存在于西兰花、卷心菜以及其它十字花科植物中[5]，例如：葡萄糖异硫氰酸盐*及其相关产物异硫氰酸酯。目前全球人类中，约有75%该感受器相关基因正常，即，可以尝出苦味。而剩下的25%则无法唱出这类的苦味，或者敏感度较低[6]。 不过目前的研究表明该感受器相关基因的变异与否，并不是决定某个人是否此类苦味物质的超级品尝家*的唯一因素。[7]
目录 |
引用 [编辑]
- ^ Conte C, Ebeling M, Marcuz A, Nef P, Andres-Barquin PJ. Identification and characterization of human taste receptor genes belonging to the TAS2R family. Cytogenet. Genome Res. 2002, 98 (1): 45–53. doi:10.1159/000068546. PMID 12584440.
- ^ Drayna D, Coon H, Kim UK, Elsner T, Cromer K, Otterud B, Baird L, Peiffer AP, Leppert M. Genetic analysis of a complex trait in the Utah Genetic Reference Project: a major locus for PTC taste ability on chromosome 7q and a secondary locus on chromosome 16p. Hum. Genet. 2003, 112 (5-6): 567–72. doi:10.1007/s00439-003-0911-y. PMID 12624758.
- ^ Prodi DA, Drayna D, Forabosco P, Palmas MA, Maestrale GB, Piras D, Pirastu M, Angius A. Bitter taste study in a sardinian genetic isolate supports the association of phenylthiocarbamide sensitivity to the TAS2R38 bitter receptor gene. Chem. Senses. 2004, 29 (8): 697–702. doi:10.1093/chemse/bjh074. PMID 15466815.
- ^ Duffy VB, Davidson AC, Kidd JR, Kidd KK, Speed WC, Pakstis AJ, Reed DR, Snyder DJ, Bartoshuk LM. Bitter receptor gene (TAS2R38), 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) bitterness and alcohol intake. Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. 2004, 28 (11): 1629–37. doi:10.1097/01.ALC.0000145789.55183.D4.. PMC 1397913. PMID 15547448.
- ^ 5.0 5.1 味蕾和苦涩说再见. 环球科学 (电脑报经营有限责任公司与Scientific American合作推出). 2006, 11.
- ^ 研究称尼安德特人也能“吃苦”. 科学网. 2009-8-18 [2010-08-09].
- ^ Hayes JE, Bartoshuk LM, Kidd JR, Duffy VB. Supertasting and PROP Bitterness Depends on More Than the TAS2R38 Gene. Chem Senses. 2008, 33 (3): 255–65. doi:10.1093/chemse/bjm084. PMID 18209019.
深入阅读 [编辑]
- Margolskee RF. Molecular mechanisms of bitter and sweet taste transduction.. J. Biol. Chem. 2002, 277 (1): 1–4. doi:10.1074/jbc.R100054200. PMID 11696554.
- Montmayeur JP, Matsunami H. Receptors for bitter and sweet taste.. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 2002, 12 (4): 366–71. doi:10.1016/S0959-4388(02)00345-8. PMID 12139982.
- Kim UK, Drayna D. Genetics of individual differences in bitter taste perception: lessons from the PTC gene.. Clin. Genet. 2005, 67 (4): 275–80. doi:10.1111/j.1399-0004.2004.00361.x. PMID 15733260.
- Anne-Spence M, Falk CT, Neiswanger K, et al.. Estimating the recombination frequency for the PTC-Kell linkage.. Hum. Genet. 1984, 67 (2): 183–6. doi:10.1007/BF00272997. PMID 6745938.
- Bufe B, Hofmann T, Krautwurst D, et al.. The human TAS2R16 receptor mediates bitter taste in response to beta-glucopyranosides.. Nat. Genet. 2002, 32 (3): 397–401. doi:10.1038/ng1014. PMID 12379855.
- Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al.. Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2003, 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
- Zhang Y, Hoon MA, Chandrashekar J, et al.. Coding of sweet, bitter, and umami tastes: different receptor cells sharing similar signaling pathways.. Cell. 2003, 112 (3): 293–301. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00071-0. PMID 12581520.
- Conte C, Ebeling M, Marcuz A, et al.. Identification and characterization of human taste receptor genes belonging to the TAS2R family.. Cytogenet. Genome Res. 2003, 98 (1): 45–53. doi:10.1159/000068546. PMID 12584440.
- Kim UK, Jorgenson E, Coon H, et al.. Positional cloning of the human quantitative trait locus underlying taste sensitivity to phenylthiocarbamide.. Science. 2003, 299 (5610): 1221–5. doi:10.1126/science.1080190. PMID 12595690.
- Drayna D, Coon H, Kim UK, et al.. Genetic analysis of a complex trait in the Utah Genetic Reference Project: a major locus for PTC taste ability on chromosome 7q and a secondary locus on chromosome 16p.. Hum. Genet. 2003, 112 (5-6): 567–72. doi:10.1007/s00439-003-0911-y. PMID 12624758.
- Scherer SW, Cheung J, MacDonald JR, et al.. Human chromosome 7: DNA sequence and biology.. Science. 2003, 300 (5620): 767–72. doi:10.1126/science.1083423. PMC 2882961. PMID 12690205.
- Wooding S, Kim UK, Bamshad MJ, et al.. Natural selection and molecular evolution in PTC, a bitter-taste receptor gene.. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 2004, 74 (4): 637–46. doi:10.1086/383092. PMC 1181941. PMID 14997422.
- Pronin AN, Tang H, Connor J, Keung W. Identification of ligands for two human bitter T2R receptors.. Chem. Senses. 2005, 29 (7): 583–93. doi:10.1093/chemse/bjh064. PMID 15337684.
- Prodi DA, Drayna D, Forabosco P, et al.. Bitter taste study in a sardinian genetic isolate supports the association of phenylthiocarbamide sensitivity to the TAS2R38 bitter receptor gene.. Chem. Senses. 2005, 29 (8): 697–702. doi:10.1093/chemse/bjh074. PMID 15466815.
- Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al.. The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).. Genome Res. 2004, 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
- Fischer A, Gilad Y, Man O, Pääbo S. Evolution of bitter taste receptors in humans and apes.. Mol. Biol. Evol. 2005, 22 (3): 432–6. doi:10.1093/molbev/msi027. PMID 15496549.
- Go Y, Satta Y, Takenaka O, Takahata N. Lineage-specific loss of function of bitter taste receptor genes in humans and nonhuman primates.. Genetics. 2006, 170 (1): 313–26. doi:10.1534/genetics.104.037523. PMC 1449719. PMID 15744053.
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