Wikipedia:引用維基百科
维基百科，自由的百科全书
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引用維基百科
As with any source, especially one of unknown authorship, you should be wary and independently verify the accuracy of Wikipedia information if possible. For many purposes, but particularly in academia, Wikipedia may not be considered an acceptable source;[1] indeed, some professors and teachers may throw Wikipedia-sourced material away out of hand. This is especially true when it is used uncorroborated. We advise special caution when using Wikipedia as a source for research projects. However, we are also confident that Wikipedia provides good overviews of most topics that it covers. See Wikipedia:Researching with Wikipedia, Caution on academic use of Wikipedia and our General Disclaimer page, for more information. A wiki is an unusual medium, and as such doesn't conform well to the usual book-citation formats. Wiki is not paper, so you will need to use an electronic-citation format instead. The exact format will depend upon the citation guide that you are following, but here are a few general principles to consider:
[编辑] 範例The following examples assume you are citing the Wikipedia article on Plagiarism, using the version that was submitted on July 22, 2004, at 10:55 UTC, and that you retrieved the article on August 10, 2004, except as otherwise noted. [编辑] APA格式
Note that in APA 5th Edition style, the following rules apply for the reference:
The proper in-text citation is ("Plagiarism," 2006) for a paraphrased passage or ("Plagiarism," 2006, para. #) if you directly quote the material. Note that para. # represents the paragraph number in the page where the information appears. If there are multiple headings on the page, it is also acceptable to place the subheading and then a paragraph number within that heading. For example, proper in-text citation for a direct quote of less than 40 words is: "Plagiarism is the use of another person’s work (this could be his or her words, products or ideas) for personal advantage, without proper acknowledgment of the original work" ("Plagiarism," 2006, "Definition," para. 1). If the quoted material is more than 40 words, use the block quote format instead. As another example, the proper in-text citation for a paraphrased passage is: Plagiarism is stealing the works of others ("Plagiarism," 2006). APA Style requires that you provide a separate reference entry for each term you are citing in your paper because 1) you must provide a URL for each term that goes directly to the term, and 2) you must provide the publication date for each term separately. However, if you are discussing the "online encyclopedia" itself, not a term in the encyclopedia, you might need to reference the site itself. The proper citation of Wikipedia, the site, as referenced in APA 5th Edition Style is:
The in-text citation formation would be (Wikipedia, 2006). [编辑] MLA格式
Note that MLA style calls for both the date of publication (or its latest update) and the date on which the information was retrieved. According to the most recent edition of the MLA Handbook, there is now information required about any foundation involved. Also note that many schools/institutions slightly change the syntax. Another example:
Be sure to double check the exact syntax your institution requires. For citation of Wikipedia as a site, use:
[编辑] MHRA格式
[编辑] 芝加哥格式以芝加哥格式引用：
Note that the Chicago Manual of Style states that "Well-known reference books, such as major dictionaries and encyclopedias, are normally cited in notes rather than bibliographies." [编辑] CBE/CSE格式
[编辑] Turabian格式The following are examples of how to cite Wikipedia articles according to A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations, 6th edition, by Kate L. Turabian (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996). ISBN 0226816265 (cloth), ISBN 0226816273 (paper). Note on Turabian style: Please understand that Turabian does not have rules that cover anything like Wikipedia. These examples are based on "reading between the lines" and assimilating rules from various not-so-similar cases that Turabian does cover. If the party to which you are submitting your paper is particularly strict, you might want to find out if they have their own adaptation of Turabian that would apply in this case. Alternately, you could always consult with the party before the deadline to make sure it's acceptable. [编辑] 註釋1"Endangered Species," in Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia; (Wikimedia Foundation Inc., updated 14 October 2003, 13:19 UTC) [encyclopedia on-line]; available from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endangered Species; Internet; retrieved 24 October 2006. 2Wikipedia contributors, "Marketing."Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia,http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marketing (Accessed June 27,2007) [编辑] 參考書目Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia. Wikimedia Foundation Inc. Updated 14 October 2003, 13:19 UTC. Encyclopedia on-line. Available from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endangered Species. Internet. Retrieved 5 December 2003.
[编辑] 行文插入參考（《Plagiarism》，維基百科：自由的百科全書）
（維基百科：自由的百科全書，s.v.《Plagiarism》） [编辑] 參考名單Plagiarism. 14 October 2003, 13:19 UTC. In Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia. Wikimedia Foundation Inc. Encyclopedia on-line. Available from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plagiarism. Internet. Retrieved 5 December 2003.
[编辑] 引用到維基百科The Harvard Journal of Law and Technology has adopted the following format for citations to articles in Wikipedia:
Here is an example:
This format derives from Rule 18.2 of the 18th edition of the Bluebook, though the date parenthetical differs slightly. The parenthetical here is designed to specify the exact version of the article to which the author is referring, recognizing that articles can and do change often. The date and time used should correspond exactly to the latest version listed in the article's Wikipedia history page that states the proposition for which you are citing it. Use of GMT conforms to the timestamp format used in those history entries (e.g., use 24-hour notation to avoid AM/PM). [编辑] BibTeX記錄
@misc{ wiki:###,
author = "Wikipedia",
title = "Plagiarism --- {W}ikipedia{,} The Free Encyclopedia",
year = "2004",
url = "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Plagiarism&oldid=5139350",
note = "[Online; accessed 22-July-2004]"
}
When using the LaTeX package url (
@misc{ wiki:###,
author = "Wikipedia",
title = "Plagiarism --- {W}ikipedia{,} The Free Encyclopedia",
year = "2004",
url = "\url{http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Plagiarism&oldid=5139350}",
note = "[Online; accessed 22-July-2004]"
}
[编辑] AMA格式
[编辑] 参考文献
[编辑] 參見
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