斯特凡·乌德里

斯特凡·乌德里
斯特凡·乌德里
	斯特凡·乌德里在德国加兴欧洲南方天文台50周年会议上，2012年9月。
出生	1961; 瑞士瓦莱州锡永
国籍	瑞士
职业	天文学家
知名于	太阳系外行星

斯特凡·乌德里（法语：Stéphane Udry，1961年—）是一位任职于日内瓦大学的瑞士天文学家，目前的研究主要是太阳系外行星巡天。2007年时他和他的团队发现了位于红矮星格利泽581 适居带内的类地行星候选者，该天体距离地球约20光年，天球位置在天秤座内^[1]^[2]^[3]。他和他的团队也发现了发现时最可能适合人居的其中一颗系外行星 HD 85512 b^[4]。

经历[编辑]

乌德里于1992年获得日内瓦大学博士学位，之后曾在美国罗格斯大学任教两年。乌德里回到日内瓦大学以后和米歇尔·麦耶共事。1995年时他是第一颗在主序星旁被发现的飞马座51b系外行星的其中一位发现人。2007年乌德里成为日内瓦大学自然科学正教授。

研究[编辑]

起初乌德里的研究是星系动力学，目前的研究则是经由分析恒星径向速度变化资料来搜寻系外行星。他发现的系外行星包含了2007年4月25日公布的格利泽581c，在当时是最适合人类居住的候选系外行星之一。该行星是经由分析欧洲南方天文台位于智利的拉西拉天文台口径3.6公尺望远镜搭载的高精度径向速度行星搜索器（HARPS）观测资料而发现。

乌德里曾接受 Planetary Radio 的主持人麦特·卡普兰访问。在访问中他提到了将装设于甚大望远镜上的新仪器岩质系外行星与稳定光谱观测阶梯光栅摄谱仪（英语：ESPRESSO）（Echelle SPectrograph forRocky Exoplanet- and StableSpectroscopic Observations，ESPRESSO，暂译），该设备或许可以让天文学家以径向速度法发现类地球系外行星，并且将在2010年以后5到10年内启用^[5]。

乌德里带领的团队使用功能升级以后的 HARPS 发现了系外行星格利泽581d存在的证据，它可能是比同一个系统中的格利泽581c和格利泽581g更加适合居住，并且发现了另一个适居行星候选者 HD 85512 b^[4]。

参考资料[编辑]

^ Dennis Overbye. 20 light years away, the most Earthlike planet yet. The New York Times. April 25, 2007 [2010-12-22]. （原始内容存档于2011-05-08）. The most enticing property yet found outside our solar system is about 20 light years away in the constellation Libra, according to a team of European astronomers. The astronomers said Tuesday that they had discovered a planet five times as massive as the Earth orbiting a dim red star known as Gliese 581. It is the smallest of the 200 or so planets that are known to exist outside of our solar system, the extrasolar, or exo-, planets. It orbits its home star within the so-called habitable zone where surface water, the staff of life, could exist if other conditions are right, said Stéphane Udry of the Geneva Observatory.
^ JOHN NOBLE WILFORD. Another Cousin to Jupiter Is Found. The New York Times. June 19, 2002 [2010-12-22]. （原始内容存档于2016-03-03）. Dr. Stéphane Udry, a member of the team from the Geneva Observatory in Switzerland, said in an interview that what was missing in this planetary system — mammoth planets extremely close to the host stars — made it a more promising solar system analog than the one announced last week by the leading team of American planet hunters. The star the Americans found is accompanied by one and probably two Jupiter-size planets at closer distances than Mercury is from the Sun.
^ Jeremy Manier. Just like home, yet light years from Earth. Chicago Tribune. April 25, 2007 [2010-12-22]. （原始内容存档于2012-09-15）. As with nearly all such planetary discoveries, astronomers could not observe Gliese 581 directly because it is invisible in the glare of its sun. Instead, the European group led by Stephane Udry and Michael Mayor calculated the planet's presence from its tiny gravitational tug on the star.
^ ^4.0 ^4.1 Fifty New Exoplanets Discovered by HARPS. ESO. 12 September 2011 [2011-11-13]. （原始内容存档于2011-12-15）.
^ Joel Achenbach. Newly found 'exoplanets' are out of this world. Washington Post. October 20, 2009 [2010-12-22]. （原始内容存档于2011-09-09）. Astronomer Stéphane Udry of Geneva University said by e-mail that a new instrument under development, known as ESPRESSO (Echelle Spectrograph for Rocky Exoplanet- and Stable Spectroscopic Observations), "should allow us to detect Earth twins around solar-type stars, within 5 to 10 years." "Personally, I am convinced that planets are everywhere," Udry said. "Nature does not like void."

[twsDecV16-1] Dennis Overbye. 20 light years away, the most Earthlike planet yet. The New York Times. April 25, 2007 [2010-12-22]. （原始内容存档于2011-05-08）. The most enticing property yet found outside our solar system is about 20 light years away in the constellation Libra, according to a team of European astronomers. The astronomers said Tuesday that they had discovered a planet five times as massive as the Earth orbiting a dim red star known as Gliese 581. It is the smallest of the 200 or so planets that are known to exist outside of our solar system, the extrasolar, or exo-, planets. It orbits its home star within the so-called habitable zone where surface water, the staff of life, could exist if other conditions are right, said Stéphane Udry of the Geneva Observatory.

[twsDecV17-2] JOHN NOBLE WILFORD. Another Cousin to Jupiter Is Found. The New York Times. June 19, 2002 [2010-12-22]. （原始内容存档于2016-03-03）. Dr. Stéphane Udry, a member of the team from the Geneva Observatory in Switzerland, said in an interview that what was missing in this planetary system — mammoth planets extremely close to the host stars — made it a more promising solar system analog than the one announced last week by the leading team of American planet hunters. The star the Americans found is accompanied by one and probably two Jupiter-size planets at closer distances than Mercury is from the Sun.

[twsDecV18-3] Jeremy Manier. Just like home, yet light years from Earth. Chicago Tribune. April 25, 2007 [2010-12-22]. （原始内容存档于2012-09-15）. As with nearly all such planetary discoveries, astronomers could not observe Gliese 581 directly because it is invisible in the glare of its sun. Instead, the European group led by Stephane Udry and Michael Mayor calculated the planet's presence from its tiny gravitational tug on the star.

[ESO12Sept11-4] 4.0 ^4.1 Fifty New Exoplanets Discovered by HARPS. ESO. 12 September 2011 [2011-11-13]. （原始内容存档于2011-12-15）.

[twsDecV19-5] Joel Achenbach. Newly found 'exoplanets' are out of this world. Washington Post. October 20, 2009 [2010-12-22]. （原始内容存档于2011-09-09）. Astronomer Stéphane Udry of Geneva University said by e-mail that a new instrument under development, known as ESPRESSO (Echelle Spectrograph for Rocky Exoplanet- and Stable Spectroscopic Observations), "should allow us to detect Earth twins around solar-type stars, within 5 to 10 years." "Personally, I am convinced that planets are everywhere," Udry said. "Nature does not like void."

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