赫耳墨斯主义

赫密斯主义（英语：Hermeticism或Hermetism）是个宗教性与哲学性的传统，主要是基于被归为赫密斯·特里斯密吉斯托斯（三重而伟大的赫耳墨斯）所著的伪典^[1]。这些著作深深地影响了西方秘教，并被认为在文艺复兴^[2]和宗教革命^[3]时期有著极大的重要性。

许多作家，包括拉克坦提乌斯、居普良、希波的奥古斯丁、马尔西利奥·费奇诺、乔瓦尼·皮科·德拉·米兰多拉、焦尔达诺·布鲁诺、托马索·康帕内拉、托马斯·布朗爵士和拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生，认为赫尔墨斯是一个智慧的信使，预见了基督教的到来。

关于赫耳墨斯·特里斯密吉斯托斯为什么会得到“三重而伟大”之名的理由出自《赫密斯·特里斯密吉斯托斯的翡翠石板》，那里记载著祂知道整个宇宙智慧的三个部份^[4]。这三个部份分别是炼金术、占星术与神通术。

因为赫密斯主义和西元1300到1600年科学发展的关联，它的重要性大大地提升了。令人注意的是，赫密斯主义带来了影响或控制自然的想法，使得许多科学家去注意魔法与相关的技术（例如炼金术和占星术），这些技术在思考上，可以将自然用于实验意义上的测验。必然地，赫密斯主义著作的实用价值吸引了科学家的目光。^[5]

语源学[编辑]

“赫耳墨斯的”一词源于中世纪的拉丁文“hermeticus”,由希腊神话中神祇赫耳墨斯的名字演化而来。英语中，该词被证实起源于17世纪，如“赫耳墨斯的作者”（如罗伯特·弗拉德）

注释[编辑]

^ Churton p. 4
^ "Hermeticism" The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions
^ Heiser, James D., Prisci Theologi and the Hermetic Reformation in the Fifteenth Century, Repristination Press, Texas: 2011. ISBN 978-1-4610-9382-4
^ Scully p. 322.
^ Tambiah, Magic, Science, Religion, and the scope of Rationality, pp. 25-26

参考书目[编辑]

Abel, Christopher R.; Hare, William O. Hermes Trismegistus: An Investigation of the Origin of the Hermetic Writings. Sequim: Holmes Publishing Group. 1997.
Anonymous. Meditations on the Tarot: A Journey into Christian Hermeticism. New York: Jeremy P. Tarcher/Penguin. 2002.
Boys-Stones, George. Post-Hellenistic Philosophy: A Study in Its Development from the Stoics to Origen. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2001. ISBN 978-0-19-815264-4.
Bull, Christian H. The Tradition of Hermes Trismegistus: The Egyptian Priestly Figure as a Teacher of Hellenized Wisdom. Leiden: Brill. 2018. ISBN 978-90-04-37084-5. doi:10.1163/9789004370845.
Copenhaver, Brian P. Hermetica: The Greek Corpus Hermeticum and the Latin Asclepius in a New English Translation, with Notes and Introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1992. ISBN 0-521-42543-3.
Droge, Arthur J. Homer or Moses? Early Christian Interpretations of the History of Culture. Tübingen: J. C. B. Mohr. 1989. ISBN 978-3-16-145354-0.
Ebeling, Florian. The Secret History of Hermes Trismegistus: Hermeticism from Ancient to Modern Times. Translated by David Lorton. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. 2007 [2005]. ISBN 978-0-8014-4546-0.
Festugière, André-Jean. La Révélation d'Hermès Trismégiste I–IV. Paris: Gabalda. 1944–1954. ISBN 978-2-251-32674-0.
Fowden, Garth. The Egyptian Hermes: A Historical Approach to the Late Pagan Mind. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1986. ISBN 978-0-521-32583-7.
Garstin, E.J. Langford. Theurgy or The Hermetic Practice. Berwick: Ibis Press. 2004. Published Posthumously
Hanegraaff, Wouter J. Esotericism and the Academy: Rejected Knowledge in Western Culture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2012. ISBN 978-0-521-19621-5.
Hanegraaff, Wouter J. Western Esotericism: A Guide for the Perplexed. London: Bloomsbury Academic. 2013. ISBN 978-1-4411-3646-6.
Hanegraaff, Wouter J. How Hermetic was Renaissance Hermetism? (PDF). Aries. 2015, 15 (2): 179–209 [2022-05-08]. doi:10.1163/15700593-01502001. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-06-18）.
Hoeller, Stephan A. On the Trail of the Winged God: Hermes and Hermeticism Throughout the Ages, Gnosis: A Journal of Western Inner Traditions (Vol. 40, Summer 1996). Also at Hermes and Hermeticism. Gnosis.org. [2009-11-09]. （原始内容存档于2009-11-26）.
Horowitz, Mitch. The New Age and Gnosticism: Terms of Commonality. Gnosis: Journal of Gnostic Studies. 2019, 4 (2): 191–215. S2CID 214533789. doi:10.1163/2451859X-12340073.
Mahé, Jean-Pierre. Hermès en Haute-Egypte I–II. Quebec: Presses de l'Université Laval. 1978–1982. ISBN 978-0-7746-6817-0.
Mahé, Jean-Pierre. The Definitions of Hermes Trismegistus to Asclepius. Salaman, Clement; Van Oyen, Dorine; Wharton, William D.; Mahé, Jean-Pierre (编). The Way of Hermes: New Translations of The Corpus Hermeticum and The Definitions of Hermes Trismegistus to Asclepius. London: Duckworth. 1999: 99–122. ISBN 978-0-7156-2939-0.
Marenbon, John. Pagans and Philosophers: The Problem of Paganism from Augustine to Leibniz. Princeton: Princeton University Press. 2015. ISBN 978-0-691-14255-5.
Morais, Lui. Alchimia seu Archimagisterium Solis in V libris. Rio de Janeiro: Quártica Premium. 2013.
Newman, William R.; Principe, Lawrence M. Alchemy Tried in the Fire: Starkey, Boyle, and the Fate of Helmontian Chymistry. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 2002. ISBN 978-0-226-57711-1.
Newman, William R. Newton the Alchemist: Science, Enigma, and the Quest for Nature's Secret Fire. Princeton: Princeton University Press. 2019. ISBN 978-0-691-17487-7.
Pilhofer, Peter. Presbyteron kreitton: Der Altersbeweis der jüdischen und christlichen Apologeten und seine Vorgeschichte. Tübingen: J. C. B. Mohr. 1990. ISBN 978-3-16-145584-1.
Powell, Robert A. Christian Hermetic Astrology: The Star of the Magi and the Life of Christ. Hudson: Anthroposohic Press. 1991.
Principe, Lawrence M. The Aspiring Adept: Robert Boyle and His Alchemical Quest. Princeton: Princeton University Press. 1998. ISBN 978-0-691-01678-8.
Prophet, Erin. Hermetic Influences on the Evolutionary System of Helena Blavatsky's Theosophy. Gnosis: Journal of Gnostic Studies. 2018, 3 (1): 84–111. doi:10.1163/2451859X-12340050.
Regardie, Israel. The Golden Dawn. St. Paul: Llewellyn Publications. 1940.
Salaman, Clement; Van Oyen, Dorine; Wharton, William D.; Mahé, Jean-Pierre (编). The Way of Hermes: New Translations of The Corpus Hermeticum and The Definitions of Hermes Trismegistus to Asclepius. London: Duckworth. 1999. ISBN 978-0-7156-2939-0.
Scully, Nicki. Alchemical Healing: A Guide to Spiritual, Physical, and Transformational Medicine. Rochester: Bear & Company. 2003.
Tambiah, Stanley Jeyaraja. Magic, Science, Religion, and the Scope of Rationality. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1990.
Van Bladel, Kevin. The Arabic Hermes: From Pagan Sage to Prophet of Science. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2009. ISBN 978-0-19-537613-5.
Van Nuffelen, Peter. Rethinking the Gods: Philosophical Readings of Religion in the Post-Hellenistic Period. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2011. ISBN 978-1-107-01203-5.
Walker, Daniel P. The Ancient Theology: Studies in Christian Platonism from the Fifteenth to the Eighteenth Century. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. 1972. ISBN 978-0-8014-0749-9.
Westman, Robert S.; McGuire, J. E. (编). Hermeticism and the Scientific Revolution. Papers Read at a Clark Library Seminar, 9 March 1974. Los Angeles: William Andrews Clark Library. 1977.
Yates, Frances A. Giordano Bruno and the Hermetic Tradition. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul. 1964. ISBN 978-0-226-95002-0.
Yates, Frances A. The Hermetic Tradition in Renaissance Science. Singleton, Charles S. (编). Art, Science, and History in the Renaissance. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins Press. 1967: 255–273. ISBN 978-0-8018-0602-5.

外部链接[编辑]

Online Version of the Corpus Hermeticum （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, version translated by John Everard in 1650 CE from Latin version
Online Version of The Virgin of the World of Hermes Trismegistus, version translated by Anna Kingsford and Edward Maitland in 1885 A.D. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Online version of The Kybalion (1912)
The Kybalion Resource Page （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
The Hermetic Library （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）—A collection of texts and sites relating to Hermeticism
Hermetic Library （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Hermetic Library from Hermetic International

[1] Churton p. 4

[2] "Hermeticism" The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions

[3] Heiser, James D., Prisci Theologi and the Hermetic Reformation in the Fifteenth Century, Repristination Press, Texas: 2011. ISBN 978-1-4610-9382-4

[4] Scully p. 322.

[5] Tambiah, Magic, Science, Religion, and the scope of Rationality, pp. 25-26

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语源学[编辑]

注释[编辑]

相关条目[编辑]

参考书目[编辑]

外部链接[编辑]