铂的同位素
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标准原子质量 (Ar, 标准) |
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铂(原子量:195.084(9))的同位素,当中有3个是稳定的,以及3个天然放射性同位素190
Pt
、192
Pt
、198
Pt
,不过只有190
Pt
的半衰期为已知,另外两个则只有下界。
图表[编辑]
符号 | Z( p ) |
N( n ) |
同位素质量(u) | 半衰期[n 1] | 衰变 方式[3][n 2] |
衰变 产物[n 3] |
原子核 自旋 |
相对丰度 (莫耳分率) |
相对丰度 (莫耳分率) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
激发能量 | |||||||||
165Pt[4] | 78 | 87 | +260 −90 µs 260 |
α | 161Os | ||||
166Pt | 78 | 88 | 165.99486(54)# | +300 −60 µs 260[4] |
α | 162Os | 0+ | ||
167Pt | 78 | 89 | 166.99298(44)# | 1.1(2) ms[4] | α | 163Os | 7/2−# | ||
168Pt | 78 | 90 | 167.98815(22) | 2.00(18) ms | α | 164Os | 0+ | ||
β+ (不常见) | 168Ir | ||||||||
169Pt | 78 | 91 | 168.98672(22)# | 3.7(15) ms | α | 165Os | 3/2−# | ||
β+ (不常见) | 169Ir | ||||||||
170Pt | 78 | 92 | 169.982495(20) | 14.0(2) ms | α (98%) | 166Os | 0+ | ||
β+ (2%) | 170Ir | ||||||||
171Pt | 78 | 93 | 170.98124(9) | 51(2) ms | α (99%) | 167Os | 3/2−# | ||
β+ (1%) | 171Ir | ||||||||
172Pt | 78 | 94 | 171.977347(14) | 98.4(24) ms | α (77%) | 168Os | 0+ | ||
β+ (23%) | 172Ir | ||||||||
173Pt | 78 | 95 | 172.97644(6) | 365(7) ms | α (84%) | 169Os | 5/2−# | ||
β+ (16%) | 173Ir | ||||||||
174Pt | 78 | 96 | 173.972819(13) | 0.889(17) s | α (83%) | 170Os | 0+ | ||
β+ (17%) | 174Ir | ||||||||
175Pt | 78 | 97 | 174.972421(20) | 2.53(6) s | α (64%) | 171Os | 5/2−# | ||
β+ (36%) | 175Ir | ||||||||
176Pt | 78 | 98 | 175.968945(15) | 6.33(15) s | β+ (62%) | 176Ir | 0+ | ||
α (38%) | 172Os | ||||||||
177Pt | 78 | 99 | 176.968469(16) | 10.6(4) s | β+ (94.4%) | 177Ir | 5/2− | ||
α (5.6%) | 173Os | ||||||||
177mPt | 147.4(4) keV | 2.2(3) µs | 1/2− | ||||||
178Pt | 78 | 100 | 177.965649(12) | 21.1(6) s | β+ (92.3%) | 178Ir | 0+ | ||
α (7.7%) | 174Os | ||||||||
179Pt | 78 | 101 | 178.965363(10) | 21.2(4) s | β+ (99.76%) | 179Ir | 1/2− | ||
α (0.24%) | 175Os | ||||||||
180Pt | 78 | 102 | 179.963031(12) | 56(2) s | β+ (99.7%) | 180Ir | 0+ | ||
α (0.3%) | 176Os | ||||||||
181Pt | 78 | 103 | 180.963097(16) | 52.0(22) s | β+ (99.93%) | 181Ir | 1/2− | ||
α (0.074%) | 177Os | ||||||||
182Pt | 78 | 104 | 181.961171(17) | 2.2(1) min | β+ (99.96%) | 182Ir | 0+ | ||
α (.038%) | 178Os | ||||||||
183Pt | 78 | 105 | 182.961597(17) | 6.5(10) min | β+ (99.99%) | 183Ir | 1/2− | ||
α (.0096%) | 179Os | ||||||||
183m1Pt | 34.50(8) keV | 43(5) s | β+ (99.99%) | 183Ir | (7/2)− | ||||
α (4×10−4%) | 179Os | ||||||||
IT | 183Pt | ||||||||
183m2Pt | 195.68(11) keV | >150 ns | (9/2)+ | ||||||
184Pt | 78 | 106 | 183.959922(19) | 17.3(2) min | β+ (99.99%) | 184Ir | 0+ | ||
α (.00169%) | 180Os | ||||||||
184mPt | 1839.4(16) keV | 1.01(5) ms | IT | 184Pt | 8− | ||||
185Pt | 78 | 107 | 184.96062(4) | 70.9(24) min | β+ (99.99%) | 185Ir | (9/2+) | ||
α (.005%) | 181Os | ||||||||
185mPt | 103.4(2) keV | 33.0(8) min | β+ (98%) | 185Ir | (1/2−) | ||||
α (2%) | 181Os | ||||||||
186Pt | 78 | 108 | 185.959351(23) | 2.08(5) h | β+ (99.99%) | 186Ir | 0+ | ||
α (1.4×10−4%) | 182Os | ||||||||
187Pt | 78 | 109 | 186.96059(3) | 2.35(3) h | β+ | 187Ir | 3/2− | ||
188Pt | 78 | 110 | 187.959395(6) | 10.2(3) d | ε (99.99%) | 188Ir | 0+ | ||
α (2.6×10−5%) | 184Os | ||||||||
189Pt | 78 | 111 | 188.960834(12) | 10.87(12) h | β+ | 189Ir | 3/2− | ||
189m1Pt | 172.80(6) keV | 464(25) ns | 9/2− | ||||||
189m2Pt | 191.6(4) keV | 143(5) µs | (13/2+) | ||||||
190Pt | 78 | 112 | 189.959932(6) | 4.97(16)×1011 y | α | 186Os | 0+ | 1.4(1)×10−4 | |
191Pt | 78 | 113 | 190.961677(5) | 2.862(7) d | ε | 191Ir | 3/2− | ||
191m1Pt | 100.67(2) keV | >1 µs | (9/2)− | ||||||
191m2Pt | 149.04(2) keV | 95(5) µs | (13/2)+ | ||||||
192Pt | 78 | 114 | 191.9610380(27) | 观测上稳定[n 4] | 0+ | 0.00782(7) | |||
193Pt | 78 | 115 | 192.9629874(18) | 50(6) y | ε | 193Ir | 1/2− | ||
193mPt | 149.78(4) keV | 4.33(3) d | IT | 193Pt | 13/2+ | ||||
194Pt | 78 | 116 | 193.9626803(9) | 观测上稳定[n 5] | 0+ | 0.32967(99) | |||
195Pt | 78 | 117 | 194.9647911(9) | 观测上稳定[n 6] | 1/2− | 0.33832(10) | |||
195mPt | 259.30(8) keV | 4.010(5) d | IT | 195Pt | 13/2+ | ||||
196Pt | 78 | 118 | 195.9649515(9) | 观测上稳定[n 7] | 0+ | 0.25242(41) | |||
197Pt | 78 | 119 | 196.9673402(9) | 19.8915(19) h | β− | 197Au | 1/2− | ||
197mPt | 399.59(20) keV | 95.41(18) min | IT (96.7%) | 197Pt | 13/2+ | ||||
β− (3.3%) | 197Au | ||||||||
198Pt | 78 | 120 | 197.967893(3) | 观测上稳定[n 8] | 0+ | 0.07163(55) | |||
199Pt | 78 | 121 | 198.970593(3) | 30.80(21) min | β− | 199Au | 5/2− | ||
199mPt | 424(2) keV | 13.6(4) s | IT | 199Pt | (13/2)+ | ||||
200Pt | 78 | 122 | 199.971441(22) | 12.5(3) h | β− | 200Au | 0+ | ||
201Pt | 78 | 123 | 200.97451(5) | 2.5(1) min | β− | 201Au | (5/2−) | ||
202Pt | 78 | 124 | 201.97574(32)# | 44(15) h | β− | 202Au | 0+ |
备注:画上#号的数据代表没有经过实验的证明,只是理论推测而已,而用括号括起来的代表数据不确定性。
← | 同位素列表 | → |
铱的同位素 | 铂的同位素 | 金的同位素 |
注释[编辑]
- ^ Bold for isotopes with half-lives longer than the age of the universe (nearly stable)
- ^ Abbreviations:
ε: Electron capture
IT: Isomeric transition - ^ Bold for stable isotopes
- ^ Believed to undergo α decay to 188Os with a half-life over 470×1015 years
- ^ Believed to undergo α decay to 190Os
- ^ Believed to undergo α decay to 191Os
- ^ Believed to undergo α decay to 192Os
- ^ Believed to undergo α decay to 194Os or double β− decay to 198Hg with a half-life over 320×1012 years
参考文献[编辑]
- ^ Braun, Mihály; Georgiev, Yordan M.; Schönherr, Tommy; Wilsenach, Heinrich; Zuber, Kai. A new precision measurement of the α -decay half-life of 190 Pt. Physics Letters B (Elsevier BV). 2017, 768: 317–320. ISSN 0370-2693. doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2017.02.052.
- ^ Meija, Juris; et al. Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2016, 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.
- ^ Universal Nuclide Chart. nucleonica. [2015-10-06]. (原始内容存档于2017-02-19).
- ^ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Hilton, J.; et al. α-spectroscopy studies of the new nuclides 165Pt and 170Hg (PDF). Physical Review C. 2019, 100 (1): 014305 [2023-06-18]. S2CID 199118719. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.100.014305. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-09-10).
- Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
- Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report) (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆). Pure Appl. Chem. Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 683-800, (2003) and Atomic Weights Revised (2005) (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆).
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
- Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) (retrieved Sept. 2005).
- David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.
元素与同位素的稳定度 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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