非火箭航天發射
| 航天 |
|---|
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 航天主題 |
非火箭航天發射是一種部分或全部的採用火箭發動機外的其他推進方式的航天發射方式。如在火箭橇發射或空中發射中，在通過其他手段獲得初始速度或高度後，火箭才被應用。
比較[編輯]
| 方法(a) | 發表 時間 |
估計 造價 10億美元(b) |
負載 大小 千克 |
估計 近地軌道發射花費 美元/每公斤(b) |
吞吐量 噸/每年 |
技術就緒指數 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 一般火箭[1] | 118,000 | 3273 | 200~ | 9 | ||
| 太空電梯[來源請求] | 2004 | 6.2-40 | 18,000+ | 220-400 | 2,000 | 2-4 |
| 極音速天鉤[2] | 1993 | <1(c) | 1,500(d) | 30(e) | 2 | |
| 太空纜索[3] | 1977 | 2 | ||||
| HASTOL[4],[5] | 2000 | 15,000(f) | 2 | |||
| 太空噴泉[來源請求] | 2+ | |||||
| 軌道環[6] | 1980 | 15 | <0.05 | 2 | ||
| 發射環[7] (小) | 1985 | 10 | 5,000 | 300 | 40,000 | 2+ |
| 發射環[7] (大) | 1985 | 30 | 5,000 | 3 | 6,000,000 | 2+ |
| KITE Launcher[8] | 2005 | 2 | ||||
| 星際列車[9] | 20(g) | 35,000 | 43 | 150,000 | 2−4 | |
| 質量投射器[來源請求] | 4 | |||||
| Ram accelerator[來源請求] | 2004 | <500 | 6[10] | |||
| 太空槍[11] | 1865(h) | 0.5 | 450 | 500 | 6 | |
| Slingatron[12] | 100 | 2 | ||||
| 太空飛機[來源請求] | 1992 | 10-15 | 12,000 | 3,000 | 7 | |
| 激光推進系統[來源請求] | up to 4 |
(a) References in this column apply to entire row unless specifically replaced
(b) All monetary values in un-inflated dollars based on reference publication date except as noted
(c) CY2008 estimate from description in 1993 reference system
(d) Requires first stage to ~5 km/s
(e) Subject to very rapid increase via bootstrapping
(f) Requires Boeing proposed DF-9 vehicle first stage to ~4 km/s
(g) Based on Gen-1 reference design, 2010 version
(h) Jules Verne's novel, From the Earth to the Moon. Newton's cannonball in the 1728 book A Treatise of the System of the World was considered a thought experiment.[13]
參考文獻[編輯]
- ^ 引用錯誤：沒有為名為
Spacecast2020的參考文獻提供內容 - ^ "The Hypersonic Skyhook," Analog Science Fiction/Science Fact, Vol. 113, No. 11, September 1993, pp. 60-70.
- ^ "A Non-Synchronous Orbital Skyhook," Hans P. Moravec, Journal of the Astronautical Sciences, Vol. 25, Oct-Dec 1977
- ^ Paper, AIAA 00-3615 "Design and Simulation of Tether Facilities for HASTOL Architecture" R. Hoyt, 17-19 Jul 00.
- ^ Paper, NIAC 3rd Ann. Mtg, NIAC Subcontract No. 07600-040, 「Hypersonic Airplane Space Tether Orbital Launch – HASTOL」, John E. Grant, 6 Jun 01.
- ^ "Orbital Ring Systems and Jacob's Ladders - I-III" （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館） Note: in 1980s money
- ^ 7.0 7.1 Launch Loop slides for the ISDC2002 conference 網際網路檔案館的存檔，存檔日期2008-05-29.
- ^ Johansen, US Patent #6913224, Method and system for accelerating an object, 5 Jul 05
- ^ "The Startram Project". [2011-06-22]. （原始內容存檔於2017-07-27）.
- ^ 存档副本. [2011-06-22]. （原始內容存檔於2009-04-06）.
- ^ "Quicklaunch Inc." 網際網路檔案館的存檔，存檔日期2010-02-12.
- ^ "Slingatron, A Mechanical Hypervelocity Mass Accelerator". [2011-06-22]. （原始內容存檔於2017-09-26）.
- ^ vectorsite.net > [4.0 Space Guns] （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館） v1.1.4 / chapter 4 of 7 / 01 jun 08 / greg goebel / public domain
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