小发夹RNA（英语：short hairpin RNA，缩写shRNA）是一种形成急转弯（hairpin turn）结构的RNA序列，可以经由RNA干扰（RNAi）使基因表现沉默化。shRNA可利用载体导入细胞当中，并借由U6启动子来确保shRNA的表现。另外，shRNA可经由切割转变成为siRNA
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