一份中世纪的芬兰语瞻礼单手稿,大约作于1340年-1360年,曾经被芬兰图尔库港的道明会女修道院使用。此页展现了六月的瞻礼单。
瞻礼单 是天主教 整理教会年历 的传统方法。把每一天的一个或多个圣人 联系起来,而叫这天做圣人的瞻礼日(Feast day) 。这个系统源起于非常早期的基督教传统,在殉道者 逝世的日子(即在天堂 出生的日子),每年纪念殉道者,以鼓励教友 学习圣人的品德,像他们一样战胜罪恶、在基督 内复活。所以,圣人的宗教节日拉丁文 称做Dies Natalis (诞生之日)。
在天主教 ,纪念圣人的宗教活动被称为圣人瞻礼 。瞻礼原本是佛教 用语;天主教传教士 初来中国 时,为翻译拉丁文 而从佛教 借用。
天主教的庆节分三种:
节日 (Sollemnitas),最隆重的,例如圣诞节 、复活节
庆日(Festum),隆重的,例如2月2日献主节
纪念(Memoriae),较不隆重,例如10月4日亚西西的方济各 纪念日
罗马礼教会有通用的礼仪年历,包含了被认为具有普世意义的圣人节庆;在宗座批准下个别教会或修会可以制定专用年历,这些年历可能包含对本教会或修会而言有特别意义的节庆[1] 。
罗马礼通用礼仪年历 [ 编辑 ]
日期不定(一般) [ 编辑 ]
主显节 后主日(若主显节于主日,如1月7、8日,则于下一个周一) - 主受洗节 ——庆日
七月瞻礼单手稿
10月 [ 编辑 ]
11月 [ 编辑 ]
12月 [ 编辑 ]
圣诞八日庆期内主日(若无主日,于12月30日) - 圣家节 ——庆日
地区性礼仪年历 [ 编辑 ]
1月14日 - 真福和德理 (司铎)
1月15日 - 圣刘方济 (司铎、殉道)
1月23日 - 圣白小满 (殉道)
1月27日 - 圣赵荣 (司铎、殉道)
1月29日 - 圣王炳 及同伴(殉道)或圣福若瑟 (司铎)
1月30日 -真福雷永明 (司铎)
2月13日 - 圣蓝月旺 (司铎、殉道)
2月18日 - 圣刘格来 (方济克莱)(司铎、殉道)或圣吴学圣 、圣文乃耳 及同伴(殉道)
2月21日 - 圣刘翰佐 (司铎、殉道)
3月1日 - 圣曹桂英 (殉道)
3月12日 - 圣张大鹏 (殉道)
4月8日 - 真福雅松大 (修女)
5月4日 - 真福梅慕雅 (司铎)
5月17日 - 圣刘文元 (殉道)
5月27日 - 圣白多禄 (主教、殉道)
5月29日 - 圣郝开枝 (殉道)
6月23日 - 圣袁在德 (司铎、殉道)
7月20日 - 圣任德芬 及同伴(殉道)
7月21日 - 圣郭西德 (司铎、殉道)
7月28日 - 圣陈昌品 及同伴(殉道)
9月11日 - 圣董文学 (司铎、殉道)
10月25日 - 圣施方济 及同伴(殉道)
11月7日 - 圣吴国盛 (殉道)
11月24日 - 圣徐德新 (主教、殉道)
英格兰 [ 编辑 ]
According to the national calendar of England ,[3]
as requested by the Catholic Bishops' Conference of England and Wales and approved by the Holy See :
12 January: Saint Aelred of Rievaulx - Optional Memorial
19 January: Saint Wulstan , bishop - Optional Memorial
14 February: Saints Cyril , monk, and Methodius , bishop - Feast
1 March: Saint David , bishop - Feast
17 March: Saint Patrick , bishop - Feast
21 April: Saint Anselm of Canterbury , bishop and doctor - Optional Memorial
23 April: Saint George , martyr - Solemnity
24 April: Saint Adalbert , bishop and martyr or Saint Fidelis of Sigmaringen , priest and martyr - Optional Memorial
29 April: Saint Catherine of Siena , virgin and doctor - Feast
4 May: The English Martyrs - Feast
19 May: Saint Dunstan , bishop - Optional Memorial
25 May: Saint Bede the Venerable , priest and doctor - Memorial
27 May: Saint Augustine of Canterbury , bishop - Feast
5 June: Saint Boniface , martyr - Memorial
6月9日 - 圣高隆 (院长)——纪念(可选)
16 June: Saint Richard of Chichester , bishop - Optional Memorial
20 June: Saint Alban , martyr - Optional Memorial
22 June: Saints John Fisher , bishop and Thomas More , martyrs - Feast
23 June: Saint Etheldreda (Audrey) , virgin - Optional Memorial
1 July: Saint Oliver Plunket , bishop and martyr - Optional Memorial
11 July: Saint Benedict , abbot - Feast
23 July: Saint Bridget , religious - Feast
9 August: Saint Teresa Benedicta of the Cross (Edith Stein) , virgin and martyr - Feast
26 August: Blessed Dominic of the Mother of God Barberi , priest - Optional Memorial
30 August: Saints Margaret Clitherow , Anne Line and Margaret Ward , martyrs - Optional Memorial
31 August: Saint Aidan , bishop and the Saints of Lindisfarne - Optional Memorial
3 September: Saint Gregory the Great , pope and doctor - Feast
4 September: Saint Cuthbert , bishop - Optional Memorial
19 September: Saint Theodore of Canterbury , bishop - Optional Memorial
24 September: Our Lady of Walsingham - Memorial
9 October: Blessed John Henry Newman , priest - Optional Memorial
10 October: Saint Paulinus of York , bishop - Optional Memorial
12 October: Saint Wilfrid , bishop - Optional Memorial
13 October: Saint Edward the Confessor - Optional Memorial
26 October: Saints Chad and Cedd , bishop - Optional Memorial
3 November: Saint Winefride , virgin - Optional Memorial
7 November: Saint Willibrord , bishop - Optional Memorial
16 November: Saint Edmund of Abingdon , bishop or Saint Margaret of Scotland - Optional Memorial
17 November: Saint Hilda , abbess or Saint Hugh of Lincoln , bishop or Saint Elizabeth of Hungary - Optional Memorial
30 November: Saint Andrew , apostle - Feast
29 December: Saint Thomas Becket , bishop and martyr - Feast
According to the Calendrier propre à la France' [4]
1月3日 - 圣女日南斐法 (童贞)——纪念(可选)
15 January: Saint Remigius , bishop - Optional Memorial
14 February: Saints Cyril , monk and Methodius , bishop - Feast
19 February: Saint Bernadette Soubirous , virgin - Optional Memorial
29 April: Saint Catherine of Siena , virgin and doctor - Feast
20 May: Saint Ivo , priest - Optional Memorial
5月30日 - 圣女贞德 (童贞、法兰西第二主保圣人)——纪念
2 June: Saint Pothinus , bishop, Saint Blandina , virgin, and their companions, martyrs - Optional Memorial
5 June: Saint Clotilde - Optional Memorial
11 July: Saint Benedict , abbot - Feast
23 July: Saint Brigitta , religious - Feast
9 August: Saint Teresa Benedicta of the Cross , virgin and martyr - Feast
15 August: Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary , principal patroness of France - Solemnity
26 August: Saint Caesarius of Arles , bishop - Optional Memorial
1 October: Saint Thérèse of the Child Jesus , virgin, secondary patroness of France - Memorial
爱尔兰 [ 编辑 ]
According to the national calendar of Ireland ,[5] as drawn up by the Irish Catholic Bishops' Conference and approved by the Holy See :
3 January: Saint Munchin , bishop - Optional Memorial
15 January: Saint Ita , virgin - Memorial
16 January: Saint Fursa , abbot and missionary - Optional Memorial
30 January: Saint Aidan , bishop - Optional Memorial
1 February: Saint Brigid , virgin - Feast
7 February: Saint Mel , bishop - Optional Memorial
11 February: Saint Gobnait , virgin - Optional Memorial
14 February: Saints Cyril , monk and Methodius , bishop - Feast
17 February: Saint Fintan - Optional Memorial
1 March: Saint David , bishop - Optional Memorial
5 March: Saint Kieran , bishop - Optional Memorial
8 March: Saint Senan , bishop - Optional Memorial
11 March: Saint Aengus (Oengus) , bishop and abbot - Optional Memorial
17 March: Saint Patrick , bishop - Solemnity
21 March: Saint Enda , abbot - Optional Memorial
24 March: Saint Macartan , bishop - Optional Memorial
1 April: Saint Ceallach (Celsus) , bishop - Optional Memorial
18 April: Saint Molaise (Laisrén, Laserian) , bishop - Optional Memorial
27 April: Saint Asicus , bishop - Optional Memorial
29 April: Saint Catherine of Siena , virgin and doctor - Feast
4 May: Saint Conleth , bishop - Optional Memorial
5 May: Blessed Edmund Ignatius Rice , religious - Optional Memorial
10 May: Saint Comgall , abbot - Optional Memorial
15 May: Saint Carthage , bishop (Mochuta) - Optional Memorial
16 May: Saint Brendan , abbot - Optional Memorial
3 June: Saint Kevin , abbot - Memorial
6 June: Saint Jarlath , bishop - Optional Memorial
7 June: Saint Colman of Dromore , bishop - Optional Memorial
6月9日 - 圣高隆 (院长、传教士)——庆日
14 June: Saint Davnet , virgin - Optional Memorial
20 June: Blessed Irish Martyrs - Memorial
1 July: Saint Oliver Plunkett , bishop and martyr - Memorial
6 July: Saint Moninne , virgin - Optional Memorial
7 July: Saint Maelruain (Maolruain) , virgin - Optional Memorial
8 July: Saint Killian , bishop and martyr - Optional Memorial
11 July: Saint Benedict , abbot - Feast
23 July: Saint Birgitta , religious - Feast
24 July: Saint Declan , bishop - Optional Memorial
9 August: Saint Teresa Benedicta of the Cross (Edith Stein) , virgin and martyr - Feast
9 August: In the revised liturgical calendar for Ireland, approved by the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments on 1 October 1998 (Protocol No. 227/97/L), optional memorials of Saint Nathy and Saint Felim were assigned to this day; outside the dioceses that celebrate them with a higher rank, their celebrations are impeded by that of Saint Teresa Benedicta of the Cross, who was later declared one of the patron saints of Europe.
12 August: Saint Muiredach , bishop, Saint Attracta , virgin, or Saint Lelia , virgin - Optional Memorials
13 August: Saint Fachtna , bishop - Optional Memorial
17 August: Our Lady of Knock - Feast
23 August: Saint Eugene (Eoghan) , bishop - Optional Memorial
30 August: Saint Fiacre , monk - Optional Memorial
31 August: Saint Aidan of Lindisfarne , bishop and missionary - Optional Memorial
4 September: Saint Mac Nissi , bishop - Optional Memorial
9 September: Saint Ciaran , abbot - Memorial
12 September: Saint Ailbe , bishop - Optional Memorial
23 September: The celebration of Saint Eunan (Adomnan) , abbot as an optional memorial is now generally impeded by the later assignation to this date in the General Calendar of the obligatory memorial of Saint Pio of Pietralcina
25 September: Saint Finbarr , bishop - Optional Memorial
3 October: Blessed Columba Marmion , priest - Optional Memorial (in some places)
9 October: Blessed John Henry Newman , priest - Optional Memorial (in some places)
11 October: Saint Canice , abbot - Optional Memorial
16 October: Saint Gall , abbot and missionary - Optional Memorial
27 October: Saint Otteran , monk - Optional Memorial
29 October: Saint Colman of Kilmacduagh , bishop - Optional Memorial
3 November: Saint Malachy , bishop - Memorial
6 November: All Saints of Ireland - Feast
7 November: Saint Willibrord , bishop - Optional Memorial
14 November: Saint Laurence O'Toole , bishop- Optional Memorial
23 November: Saint Columban , abbot and missionary - Memorial
25 November Saint Colman of Cloyne , bishop - Optional Memorial
27 November Saint Fergal , bishop and missionary - Optional Memorial
12 December Saint Finnian of Clonard , bishop - Optional Memorial
18 December Saint Flannan , bishop - Optional Memorial
20 December Saint Fachanan of Kilfenora , bishop - Optional Memorial
苏格兰 [ 编辑 ]
According to the national calendar of Scotland , as requested by the Bishops' Conference of Scotland and approved by the Holy See :[来源请求]
新西兰 [ 编辑 ]
参考文献 [ 编辑 ]
外部链接 [ 编辑 ]