赫密士主義

赫密士主義（英語：Hermeticism或Hermetism）是個宗教性與哲學性的傳統，主要是基於被歸為赫密士·崔斯墨圖（三重而偉大的赫密士）所著的偽典^[1]。這些著作深深地影響了西方秘教，並被認為在文藝復興^[2]和宗教革命^[3]時期有著極大的重要性。

許多作家，包括拉克坦提烏斯、居普良、希波的奧古斯丁、馬爾西利奧·費奇諾、喬瓦尼·皮科·德拉·米蘭多拉、焦爾達諾·布魯諾、托馬索·康帕內拉、托馬斯·布朗爵士和拉爾夫·沃爾多·愛默生，認為赫爾墨斯是一個智慧的信使，預見了基督教的到來。

關於赫密士·崔斯墨圖為什麼會得到「三重而偉大」之名的理由出自《赫密士·崔斯墨圖之翠玉錄》，那裡記載著祂知道整個宇宙智慧的三個部份^[4]。這三個部份分別是煉金術、占星術與神通術。

因為赫密士主義和西元1300到1600年科學發展的關聯，它的重要性大大地提昇了。令人注意的是，赫密士主義帶來了影響或控制自然的想法，使得許多科學家去注意魔法與相關的技術（例如煉金術和占星術），這些技術在思考上，可以將自然用於實驗意義上的測驗。必然地，赫密士主義著作的實用價值吸引了科學家的目光。^[5]

語源學[編輯]

「赫密士的」一詞源於中世紀的拉丁文「hermeticus」,由希臘神話中神祇赫密士的名字演化而來。英語中，該詞被證實起源於17世紀，如「赫密士的作者」（如羅伯特·弗拉德）

註釋[編輯]

^ Churton p. 4
^ "Hermeticism" The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions
^ Heiser, James D., Prisci Theologi and the Hermetic Reformation in the Fifteenth Century, Repristination Press, Texas: 2011. ISBN 978-1-4610-9382-4
^ Scully p. 322.
^ Tambiah, Magic, Science, Religion, and the scope of Rationality, pp. 25-26

參考書目[編輯]

Abel, Christopher R.; Hare, William O. Hermes Trismegistus: An Investigation of the Origin of the Hermetic Writings. Sequim: Holmes Publishing Group. 1997.
Anonymous. Meditations on the Tarot: A Journey into Christian Hermeticism. New York: Jeremy P. Tarcher/Penguin. 2002.
Boys-Stones, George. Post-Hellenistic Philosophy: A Study in Its Development from the Stoics to Origen. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2001. ISBN 978-0-19-815264-4.
Bull, Christian H. The Tradition of Hermes Trismegistus: The Egyptian Priestly Figure as a Teacher of Hellenized Wisdom. Leiden: Brill. 2018. ISBN 978-90-04-37084-5. doi:10.1163/9789004370845.
Copenhaver, Brian P. Hermetica: The Greek Corpus Hermeticum and the Latin Asclepius in a New English Translation, with Notes and Introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1992. ISBN 0-521-42543-3.
Droge, Arthur J. Homer or Moses? Early Christian Interpretations of the History of Culture. Tübingen: J. C. B. Mohr. 1989. ISBN 978-3-16-145354-0.
Ebeling, Florian. The Secret History of Hermes Trismegistus: Hermeticism from Ancient to Modern Times. Translated by David Lorton. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. 2007 [2005]. ISBN 978-0-8014-4546-0.
Festugière, André-Jean. La Révélation d'Hermès Trismégiste I–IV. Paris: Gabalda. 1944–1954. ISBN 978-2-251-32674-0.
Fowden, Garth. The Egyptian Hermes: A Historical Approach to the Late Pagan Mind. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1986. ISBN 978-0-521-32583-7.
Garstin, E.J. Langford. Theurgy or The Hermetic Practice. Berwick: Ibis Press. 2004. Published Posthumously
Hanegraaff, Wouter J. Esotericism and the Academy: Rejected Knowledge in Western Culture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2012. ISBN 978-0-521-19621-5.
Hanegraaff, Wouter J. Western Esotericism: A Guide for the Perplexed. London: Bloomsbury Academic. 2013. ISBN 978-1-4411-3646-6.
Hanegraaff, Wouter J. How Hermetic was Renaissance Hermetism? (PDF). Aries. 2015, 15 (2): 179–209 [2022-05-08]. doi:10.1163/15700593-01502001. （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2022-06-18）.
Hoeller, Stephan A. On the Trail of the Winged God: Hermes and Hermeticism Throughout the Ages, Gnosis: A Journal of Western Inner Traditions (Vol. 40, Summer 1996). Also at Hermes and Hermeticism. Gnosis.org. [2009-11-09]. （原始內容存檔於2009-11-26）.
Horowitz, Mitch. The New Age and Gnosticism: Terms of Commonality. Gnosis: Journal of Gnostic Studies. 2019, 4 (2): 191–215. S2CID 214533789. doi:10.1163/2451859X-12340073.
Mahé, Jean-Pierre. Hermès en Haute-Egypte I–II. Quebec: Presses de l'Université Laval. 1978–1982. ISBN 978-0-7746-6817-0.
Mahé, Jean-Pierre. The Definitions of Hermes Trismegistus to Asclepius. Salaman, Clement; Van Oyen, Dorine; Wharton, William D.; Mahé, Jean-Pierre (編). The Way of Hermes: New Translations of The Corpus Hermeticum and The Definitions of Hermes Trismegistus to Asclepius. London: Duckworth. 1999: 99–122. ISBN 978-0-7156-2939-0.
Marenbon, John. Pagans and Philosophers: The Problem of Paganism from Augustine to Leibniz. Princeton: Princeton University Press. 2015. ISBN 978-0-691-14255-5.
Morais, Lui. Alchimia seu Archimagisterium Solis in V libris. Rio de Janeiro: Quártica Premium. 2013.
Newman, William R.; Principe, Lawrence M. Alchemy Tried in the Fire: Starkey, Boyle, and the Fate of Helmontian Chymistry. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 2002. ISBN 978-0-226-57711-1.
Newman, William R. Newton the Alchemist: Science, Enigma, and the Quest for Nature's Secret Fire. Princeton: Princeton University Press. 2019. ISBN 978-0-691-17487-7.
Pilhofer, Peter. Presbyteron kreitton: Der Altersbeweis der jüdischen und christlichen Apologeten und seine Vorgeschichte. Tübingen: J. C. B. Mohr. 1990. ISBN 978-3-16-145584-1.
Powell, Robert A. Christian Hermetic Astrology: The Star of the Magi and the Life of Christ. Hudson: Anthroposohic Press. 1991.
Principe, Lawrence M. The Aspiring Adept: Robert Boyle and His Alchemical Quest. Princeton: Princeton University Press. 1998. ISBN 978-0-691-01678-8.
Prophet, Erin. Hermetic Influences on the Evolutionary System of Helena Blavatsky's Theosophy. Gnosis: Journal of Gnostic Studies. 2018, 3 (1): 84–111. doi:10.1163/2451859X-12340050.
Regardie, Israel. The Golden Dawn. St. Paul: Llewellyn Publications. 1940.
Salaman, Clement; Van Oyen, Dorine; Wharton, William D.; Mahé, Jean-Pierre (編). The Way of Hermes: New Translations of The Corpus Hermeticum and The Definitions of Hermes Trismegistus to Asclepius. London: Duckworth. 1999. ISBN 978-0-7156-2939-0.
Scully, Nicki. Alchemical Healing: A Guide to Spiritual, Physical, and Transformational Medicine. Rochester: Bear & Company. 2003.
Tambiah, Stanley Jeyaraja. Magic, Science, Religion, and the Scope of Rationality. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1990.
Van Bladel, Kevin. The Arabic Hermes: From Pagan Sage to Prophet of Science. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2009. ISBN 978-0-19-537613-5.
Van Nuffelen, Peter. Rethinking the Gods: Philosophical Readings of Religion in the Post-Hellenistic Period. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2011. ISBN 978-1-107-01203-5.
Walker, Daniel P. The Ancient Theology: Studies in Christian Platonism from the Fifteenth to the Eighteenth Century. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. 1972. ISBN 978-0-8014-0749-9.
Westman, Robert S.; McGuire, J. E. (編). Hermeticism and the Scientific Revolution. Papers Read at a Clark Library Seminar, 9 March 1974. Los Angeles: William Andrews Clark Library. 1977.
Yates, Frances A. Giordano Bruno and the Hermetic Tradition. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul. 1964. ISBN 978-0-226-95002-0.
Yates, Frances A. The Hermetic Tradition in Renaissance Science. Singleton, Charles S. (編). Art, Science, and History in the Renaissance. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins Press. 1967: 255–273. ISBN 978-0-8018-0602-5.

外部連結[編輯]

Online Version of the Corpus Hermeticum （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）, version translated by John Everard in 1650 CE from Latin version
Online Version of The Virgin of the World of Hermes Trismegistus, version translated by Anna Kingsford and Edward Maitland in 1885 A.D. （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
Online version of The Kybalion (1912)
The Kybalion Resource Page （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
The Hermetic Library （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）—A collection of texts and sites relating to Hermeticism
Hermetic Library （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館） Hermetic Library from Hermetic International

[1] Churton p. 4

[2] "Hermeticism" The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions

[3] Heiser, James D., Prisci Theologi and the Hermetic Reformation in the Fifteenth Century, Repristination Press, Texas: 2011. ISBN 978-1-4610-9382-4

[4] Scully p. 322.

[5] Tambiah, Magic, Science, Religion, and the scope of Rationality, pp. 25-26

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語源學[編輯]

註釋[編輯]

相關條目[編輯]

參考書目[編輯]

外部連結[編輯]