卡尔巴拉战役
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卡尔巴拉战役(Battle of Karbala),公元680年10月10日发生于巴格达西南的卡尔巴拉,穆罕默德的外孙、什叶派领袖侯赛因·本·阿里率领自己的支持者对抗前来镇压的倭马亚王朝叶齐德一世的大军。最终前者全军覆没,阿里之子侯赛因阵亡。
延伸阅读[编辑]
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- Hitti, Philip K. The Near East In History : A 5000 Year Story. Princeton: D. Van Nostrand Company. 1961. ISBN 9781258452452.
- Howard, I. K. A. Husayn the Martyr: A Commentary on the Accounts of the Martyrdom in Arabic Sources. Al-Serāt: Papers from the Imam Ḥusayn Conference, London, July 1984. London: The Muhammadi Trsut of Great Britain and Northern Ireland: 124–142. 1986. ISBN 9780710302076.
- Template:The History of al-Tabari
- Hyder, Syed Akbar. Reliving Karbala: Martyrdom in South Asian Memory. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2006. ISBN 978-0-19-537302-8.
- Jafri, S. M. Origins and Early Development of Shi'a Islam. London and New York: Longman. 1979. ISBN 9780582780804.
- Kennedy, Hugh N. The Armies of the Caliphs: Military and Society in the Early Islamic State. London: Routledge. 2001 [2020-01-04]. ISBN 0-415-25093-5. (原始内容存档于2019-12-28).
- Kennedy, Hugh N. The Prophet and the Age of the Caliphates: The Islamic Near East from the 6th to the 11th Century Second. Harlow: Pearson-Longman. 2004 [2020-01-04]. ISBN 9780582405257. (原始内容存档于2020-07-21).
- Lammens, Henri. Al-Ḥasan b. 'Ali b. Abï Ṭālib. (编) Houtsma, M. Th.; Wesinck, A. J.; Arnold, T. W.; Heffening, W.; Lévi-Provençal, E. The Encyclopædia of Islam: A Dictionary of the Geography, Ethnography and Biography of the Muhammadan Peoples 2. Leiden: E. J. Brill: 274. 1927. OCLC 1008303874.
- Lammens, Henri. Le Califat de Yazid Ier. Beirut: Imprimerie Catholique Beyrouth. 1921. OCLC 474534621 (法语).
- Lewis, Bernard. Arabs in History. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2002. ISBN 978-0-19-164716-1.
- Madelung, Wilferd. The Succession to Muhammad: A Study of the Early Caliphate. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. 1997. ISBN 0-521-64696-0.
- Madelung, Wilferd. Ḥosayn b. ʿAli I. Life and Significance in Shiʿism. Encyclopaedia Iranica 7. Encyclopædia Iranica Foundation. 2004 [11 August 2019]. (原始内容存档于2012-09-30).
- Nakash, Yitzhak. An Attempt To Trace the Origin of the Rituals of 'Āshūrā¸. Die Welt des Islams. 1993, 33 (2): 161–181. doi:10.1163/157006093X00063.
- Norris, H. T. Islam in the Balkans: Religion and Society Between Europe and the Arab World. Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina Press. 1993. ISBN 9780872499775.
- Pinault, David. Horse of Karbala: Muslim Devotional Life in India. New York: Palgrave. 2001. ISBN 978-1-349-61982-5.
- Sachedina, Abdulaziz A. Islamic Messianism: The Idea of Mahdi in Twelver Shi'ism. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press. 1981. ISBN 978-0-87395-442-6.
- Schimmel, Annemarie. Mystical Dimensions of Islam. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press. 1975. ISBN 978-0-8078-1271-6.
- Schimmel, Annemarie. Karbalā' and the Imam Husayn in Persian and Indo-Muslim literature. Al-Serāt: Papers from the Imam Ḥusayn Conference, London, July 1984. London: The Muhammadi Trsut of Great Britain and Northern Ireland: 29–39. 1986. ISBN 9780710302076.
- Sindawi, Khalid. The image of Ḥusayn ibn 'Alī in Maqātil Literature. Quaderni di Studi Arabi. 2002, 20–21: 79–104. JSTOR 25802958.
- Sharon, Moshe. Black Banners from the East: The Establishment of the ʻAbbāsid State : Incubation of a Revolt. Jerusalem: JSAI. 1983. ISBN 978-965-223-501-5.
- Thackston, Wheeler M. A Millennium of Classical Persian Poetry: A Guide to the Reading & Understanding of Persian Poetry from the Tenth to the Twentieth Century. Bethesda: IBEX Publishers. 1994. ISBN 9780936347509.
- Vaglieri, L. Veccia. (Al)-Ḥasan b. 'Alï b. Abï Ṭālib. (编) Lewis, B.; Ménage, V. L.; Pellat, Ch.; Schacht, J. The Encyclopaedia of Islam, New Edition, Volume III: H–Iram. Leiden: E. J. Brill: 240–243. 1971. OCLC 495469525.
- Vaglieri, L. Veccia. (Al)-Ḥusyan b. 'Alï b. Abï Ṭālib. (编) Lewis, B.; Ménage, V. L.; Pellat, Ch.; Schacht, J. The Encyclopaedia of Islam, New Edition, Volume III: H–Iram. Leiden: E. J. Brill: 607–615. 1971. OCLC 495469525.
- Wellhausen, Julius. Die religiös-politischen Oppositionsparteien im alten Islam. Berlin: Weidmannsche Buchhandlung. 1901. OCLC 453206240 (德语).
- Template:The Arab Kingdom and its Fall
- Yildirim, Riza. In the Name of Hosayn's Blood: The Memory of Karbala as Ideological Stimulus to the Safavid Revolution. Journal of Persianate Studies. 2015, 8 (2): 127–154. doi:10.1163/18747167-12341289.
- Zakeri, Mohsen. Sasanid Soldiers in Early Muslim Society: The Origins of 'Ayyārān and Futuwwa. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz. 1995. ISBN 978-3-447-03652-8.
參考文獻[编辑]
- al-Tabari, Muhammad ibn Jarir, History of the Prophets and Kings; Volume XIX The Caliphate of Yazid b. Muawiyah, translated by I.K.A Howard, SUNY Press, 1991, ISBN 0-7914-0040-9.
- Kennedy, Hugh, The Armies of the Caliphs: Military and Society in the Early Islamic State, Routledge, 2001.
- al-Muqarram, Abd al Razzaq, Maqtal al-Husayn, Martyrdom Epic of Imam al-Husayn, translated by Yasin T. Al-Jibouri, pub Al-Kharsan Foundation for Publications, originally published Qum, circa 1990. (al-Muqarram was born in 1899 and died in 1971—author's biography. This is a 20th-century book—see Islamic Historiography, by Chase F. Robinson, p. 35.)
外部連結[编辑]
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维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源:卡尔巴拉战役 |
- What is Muharram?页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆
- Battle of Karbalāʾ页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆, Encyclopædia Britannica
- List of the casualties of Karbla页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆
Sunni links[编辑]
Shia links[编辑]
- Events of Karbala
- Ashura.com
- Poetryofislam.com, poetry on Kerbala by Mahmood Abu Shahbaaz Londoni
- Sacred-texts.com, Battle of Karbala (英文)
- Battle of Karbala页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆
- A Probe Into the History of Ashura by Dr. Ibrahim Ayati