性格測試

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性格测试，又稱性格測驗，是一种评估人类人格的方法。大多数人格评估工具或人格测试实际上是自我填寫的問卷調查，並根據相應的評分表或量表進行評估。[1] [2][3] [4] [5]不過自我填寫的问卷容易出現造假情況，即完全不根據實際情況填寫問卷。[6] [7] [8]

早在1920年代社會上就出現相應的人格評估措施[9]，目的是简化人员的挑選过程，尤其是在武装部队中。人們迄今已经製作了各种各样的人格量表和问卷，例如明尼苏达多项人格问卷(MMPI)、十六種人格因素(16PF)、康瑞人格量表(CPS) 等。[10] [11]尽管這些測試頗受到人事的青睞，但例如邁爾斯-布里格斯性格分類法(MBTI) 就有许多心理测量方面的缺陷。[12]此外，社會上還出現一些基于五大性格特质的人格量表和问卷，例如修订版的近地天体人格量表。[13] [14] [15] [16] [17]

参考文献[编辑]

  1. ^ Cattell R.B. (1973). Personality and Mood by Questionnaire. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. ISBN 0-87589-181-0
  2. ^ Cattell, R.B., & Kline, P. (1977). The Scientific Analysis of Personality and Motivation. New York: Academic Press.
  3. ^ Cattell, R.B., & Warburton, F.W. (1967). Objective Personality and Motivation Tests: A Theoretical Introduction and practical Compendium. Champaign, IL: University of Illinois Press.
  4. ^ Cattell, R.B., & Schuerger, J.M. (1978). Personality Theory in Action: Handbook for the O-A (Objective-Analytic) Test Kit. Champaign, Illinois: Institute for Personality and Ability Testing. ISBN 0-918296-11-0
  5. ^ Schuerger, J.M. (2008). The Objective-Analytic Test Battery. In G.J. Boyle, G. Matthews, & D.H. Saklofske. (Eds.), The SAGE Handbook of Personality Theory and Assessment: Vol. 2 – Personality Measurement and Testing (pp. 529-546). Los Angeles, CA: Sage Publishers. ISBN 9-781412-946520
  6. ^ Boyle, G.J. (1985). Self report measures of depression: Some psychometric considerations. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 24, 45-59.
  7. ^ Boyle, G.J., & Helmes, E. (2009). Methods of personality assessment. In P.J. Corr & G. Matthews (Eds.), The Cambridge Handbook of Personality Psychology (pp. 110-126). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-86218-9
  8. ^ Boyle, G.J., Saklofske, D.H., & Matthews, G. (2015). (Eds.), Measures of Personality and Social Psychological Constructs. Amsterdam: Elsevier/Academic Press. ISBN 9-780123-869159 doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-386915-9.00001-2
  9. ^ Saccuzzo, Dennis P.; Kaplan, Robert M. Psychological Testing: Principles, Applications, and Issues 7th. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning. 2009. ISBN 978-0495095552. 
  10. ^ Boyle, G.J., Matthews, G., & Saklofske, D.H. (2008). (Eds.), The SAGE Handbook of Personality Theory and Assessment: Vol. 1 - Personality Theories and Models. Los Angeles, CA: Sage Publishers. ISBN 9-781412-946513
  11. ^ Boyle, G.J., Matthews, G., & Saklofske, D.H. (2008). (Eds.), The SAGE Handbook of Personality Theory and Assessment: Vol. 2 - Personality Measurement and Testing. Los Angeles, CA: Sage Publishers. ISBN 9-781412-946520
  12. ^ Boyle, G.J. (1995). Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI): Some psychometric limitations. Australian Psychologist, 30, 71-74.
  13. ^ Costa, P.T., & McCrae, R.R. (1985). The NEO Personality Inventory Manual. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.
  14. ^ Boyle, G.J. (2008). Critique of Five-Factor Model (FFM). In G.J. Boyle, G. Matthews, & D.H. Saklofske. (Eds.), The SAGE Handbook of Personality Theory and Assessment: Vol. 1 - Personality Theories and Models. Los Angeles, CA: Sage Publishers. ISBN 9-781412-946513
  15. ^ Cattell, R.B. (1995). The fallacy of five factors in the personality sphere. The Psychologist, 8, 207-208.
  16. ^ Eysenck, H.J. (1992). Four ways five factors are not basic. Personality and Individual Differences, 13, 667-673.
  17. ^ Personality Testing at Work: Emotional Breakdown. The Economist. [2021-08-11]. （原始内容存档于2018-04-11）. 
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