拉丁語短語列表

拉丁語短語列表（List of Latin phrases）以下是一些常用的拉丁文短语。拉丁语是罗马帝国的官方语言，现在欧洲的许多语言都含有拉丁语的借词。许多拉丁语词汇也是从古希腊文引入。

由于两千多年來的改变，许多词的含义和用法已经改变了。请读者参考专业辞典。比如“ad hominem”直译是“对着人”，英文常用的意思是“從個人偏好出發”或“呼吁个人的同情”，但是在哲学上的意思是“人身攻击的谬误”。^[1]

拉丁語短語列表[编辑]

拉丁短语	缩写	英语直译	中文翻译
a fortiori		from the stronger	更加、舉重以明輕
ad libitum	ad-lib	at one's pleasure	随意、即兴
a posteriori		from the latter	归纳地、後驗、以经验为根据（對照：a priori）
a priori		from the former	演绎地、先驗、以推论为根据（對照：a posteriori）
ad hoc		for this	特设的、特定目的的（地）、即席的、临时的、将就的、专案的
ad hominem		to the man	诉诸人身、对人不对事、因人废言、以人废言或人身攻击的谬误
ad infinitum		to infinity	无限地
ad nauseam		to sea sickness	令人作呕地
anno Domini	A.D.	in the year of our Lord	公元
ante meridiem	a.m.	before noon	上午
bona fide		in good faith	真诚的、无欺的
camera obscura		dark chamber	暗箱
carpe diem		seize the day	及时行乐、抓住时机
ceteris paribus		with all other factors the same	其他条件[情况]均同
circa	ca.	about; used especially in approximate dates	大约
cum laude		with honor	优等、拉丁文学位荣誉
de facto		from the fact	事实上的（對照：de jure）
de jure		concerning the law, by right	規則上的（對照：de facto）
et alia	et al.	and others; and elsewhere	以及其他、等等
et cetera	etc.	and the rest; and so forth; and so on	以及其他、等等
ex libris		from the books	从书中、参见藏书票
ex parte		from part, from one side	片面的
ex post facto		afterwards	事后的、有追溯效力的
ex situ		the opposite of "in situ"	异位的
exempli gratia	e.g.	for example; such as	例如
ibidem	ibid.	in the aformentioned place	同前引证
id est	i.e.	that is	即
idem		the same as previously given	同上
in camera		in a chamber, in private, secretly	私下地、法官室
in loco parentis		in place of a parent	代替父母
in medias res		into the midst of things	（情节）中间切入
in situ		in place or position undisturbed	在原处
in vivo		"in the living", (performed) in a living organism	在活体内
inter alia		among other things	除其他因素之外
intra vires		within the power	权力之内，有权行为（對照：ultra vires）
ipse dixit		he himself said it	亲口所述、没有证实的断言
ipso facto		by the fact itself	根据事实
locum tenens		place holder	暫時代班、具同等資歷、常用於醫生、神職、常簡化為locum
magna cum laude		with great honor	极优等、拉丁文学位荣誉
magnum opus		a great work	巨著，杰作
memento mori		remember that you must die	死的象征、记住你会死
mirabile dictu		wonderful to say	说也奇怪
mirabile visu		wonderful to see	光怪陆离的
modus operandi		way of operating	操作方法、程序、习惯
ne plus ultra		(go) no more beyond	极致、极点
noli me tangere		do not touch me	禁止接触
non sequitur		it does not follow	不合逻辑的推论
nota bene		note well	值得留意、請讀者留意
opere citato	op. cit.	in the work cited	在列举的著作中
per capita		by heads	按人头算、每人
per diem		by the day	按日给予津贴、每日
per fas et nefas		by right or wrong	無論好壞、無論正當與否
per se		by or of itself	本身，本质上
persona grata		pleasing person	受欢迎的人，接受外交官（對照：persona non grata）
persona non grata		unwelcome person	不受欢迎的人，驱逐外交官（對照：persona grata）
post hoc		after this	後此謬誤（後此故因此謬誤）
post meridiem	p.m.	after noon	下午
post mortem		after death	死后、验尸、事后
post partum		after birth	产后
prima facie		at first appearance	乍看的、表面的、自明的
pro forma		for form	形式上的、提前的、备考的（商业文件）
quid pro quo		something given in exchange for something	交换物、替代物、报复
quod erat demonstrandum	Q.E.D.	which had to be shown	即证
sic		thus	原文如此
sine die		without a day, indefinitely	无限期地、未定地
sine qua non		without which not	没有什么（原因）不、要素、先决条件
status quo		in state in which	现状
sui generis		of its own kind, unique, peculiar	别具一格的
summa cum laude		with highest honor	最优等、拉丁文学位荣誉
tempus fugit		time flies	光阴似箭
ultra vires		beyond the power	权力之外，越权行为（對照：intra vires）
vice versa		conversely; in reverse order from that stated	反之亦然、反者亦然
vide ante		see before	见前
vide infra		see below	见下
vide post		see after	见后
vide supra		see above	见上
videlicet	viz.	that is to say; namely	即、就是说、换言之