毛利语

毛利语
reo Māori
母语国家和地区	新西蘭 庫克群島 纽埃
区域	玻里尼西亞
母语使用人数	100,000–160,000 (估計)（日期不详）
語系	南島語系 馬來-玻里尼西亞語族 核心马来-波利尼西亚语群 中-东马来-波利尼西亚语支 東馬來-玻里尼西亞語群 毛利语
官方地位
作为官方语言	新西兰
管理机构	Maori Language Commission
語言代碼
ISO 639-1	mi
ISO 639-2	mao （B） mri （T）
ISO 639-3	mri

Speakers of Māori according to the 2013 census.

  Less than 5%

  More than 5%

  More than 10%

  More than 20%

  More than 30%

  More than 40%

  More than 50%

毛利語是紐西蘭原住民毛利人的語言、也是紐西蘭的三種官方語言之一，另两种是英语和手语。毛利人從太平洋诸岛來到紐西蘭之後、語音基本上變化很少。基本上各地的人都可以溝通无碍。

語音系統

元音

	前元音	央元音	後元音
閉元音	i	u [ʉ]
半開元音	e [ɛ]		o [ɔ]
開元音		a

輔音

	双唇音	齿龈音	软腭音	聲門音
不送氣塞音	p	t	k
清擦音	wh [f, ɸ]			h
鼻音	m	n	ng [ŋ]
闪音		r [ɾ]
半元音	w

文字

毛利人原来没有文字，后来英国移民来到，採用拉丁字母拼写毛利语言，毛利语只有15個字母，分別如下：

• 母音：A, E, I, O, U
• 子音：H, K, M, N, Ng, P, R, T, W, Wh

當中“R”是顫音、“Wh”基本上發/f/音或/Φ/音、但北部亦有發/h/音或/hw/的。

方言

毛利語亦有地區性的方言，比較普遍的有 Tainui 和 Waikato 方言。

日曆

星期 直譯用法 官方用法 禮拜一 Mane Rāhina 禮拜二 Tūrei Rātū 禮拜三 Wenerei Rāapa 禮拜四 Tāite Rāpare 禮拜五 Paraire Rāmere 禮拜六 Rāhoroi/Hāterei Rāhoroi 禮拜天 Rātapu/Wiki Rātapu

月份 直譯用法 官方用法 一月 Hānuere Kohi-tātea 二月 Pēpuere Hui-tanguru 三月 Māehe Poutū-te-rangi 四月 Āperira Paenga-whāwhā 五月 Mei Haratua 六月 Hune Pipiri 七月 Hūrae Hōngongoi 八月 Ākuhata Here-turi-kōkā 九月 Hepetema Mahuru 十月 Oketopa Whiringa-ā-nuku 十一月 Noema Whiringa-ā-rangi 十二月 Tīhema Hakihea

範例

Ko te katoa o nga tangata i te whanaungatanga mai e watea ana i nga here katoa; e tauriterite ana hoki nga mana me nga tika. E whakawhiwhia ana hoki ki a ratou te ngakau whai whakaaro me te hinengaro mohio ki te tika me te he, a e tika ana kia meinga te mahi a tetahi ki tetahi me ma roto atu i te wairua o te noho tahi, ano he teina he tuakana i ringa i te whakaaro kotahi.

漢譯：人皆生而自由；在尊嚴及權利上均各平等。人各賦有理性良知，誠應和睦相處，情同手足。

參見

• 毛利語周

參考文獻

• Biggs, Bruce (1994). Does Māori have a closest relative? In Sutton (ed.)(1994), pp. 96–105.
• Biggs, Bruce (1998). Let's Learn Māori. Auckland: Auckland University Press.
• Biggs, Bruce. 1988. Towards the study of Maori dialects. In Ray Harlow and Robin Hooper, eds. VICAL 1: Oceanic languages. Papers from the Fifth International Conference on Austronesian linguistics. Auckland, New Zealand. January 1988, Part I. Auckland: Linguistic Society of New Zealand.
• Bauer, Winifred (1997). Reference Grammar of Māori. Auckland: Reed.
• Bauer, Winifred. 1993. Maori. Routledge. Series: Routledge descriptive grammars.
• Clark, Ross (1994). Moriori and Māori: The Linguistic Evidence. In Sutton (ed.)(1994), pp. 123–135.
• Harlow, Ray. 1996. Maori. LINCOM Europa.
• Harlow, Ray (1994). Māori Dialectology and the Settlement of New Zealand. In Sutton (ed.)(1994), pp. 106–122.
• Sutton, Douglas G. (编). The Origins of the First New Zealanders. Auckland: Auckland University Press. 1994: 269 [2010-06-10]. ISBN 1869400984. 

外部連結

• Māori Language Act 1987
• korero.maori.nz Māori language educational resources
• Ethnologue report for Maori
• Māori Language Commission (sets definitive standards).
• English and Māori Word Translator, originally developed at the 奥塔哥大学.
• Ngata Māori–English English–Māori Dictionary from Learning Media; gives several options and shows use in phrases.
• Collection of historic Māori newspapers
• Maori Phonology
• maorilanguage.net Learn the basics of Māori Language with video tutorials
• Microsoft New Zealand Māori Keyboard
• Maori Language Week (NZHistory) - includes a history of the Māori language, the Treaty of Waitangi Māori Language claim and 100 words every New Zealander should know
• Huia Publishers, catalogue includes Tirohia Kimihia the world's first Māori monolingual dictionary for learners
• IMDb website; Māori language films
• Publications about Māori language from Te Puni Kōkiri, the Ministry of Māori Development