壯傣語支

维基百科,自由的百科全书
(重定向自泰語支
壮傣语支
地理分佈华南地区廣西貴州雲南廣東)、東南亞
谱系学分类壯侗語系
  • 臨高-壯語群
    • 壮傣语支
分支
邕南壯語大部與北方壯語布依語
其餘南方壯語與傣泰語言
语言代码
ISO 639-2 / 5tai

壯傣語支(又称傣语支台语支壮泰语支泰语支壮台语支)是壯侗語系侗台語族中的一个語支,即汉藏语系传统分类中壮侗语族壮傣语支的语言。包括壮语布依语傣语(在中國境內)、泰语老挝语掸语岱依语侬语坎底语阿豪姆语(均不在中國境內)等。说台語的民族统称台語民族

方言分類[编辑]

自李方桂先生起的研究完善了壯傣語支的傳統分類模式,很多早期的分類在一定程度上受方言學影響,不一定嚴格符合當代比較語言學識別出的共同創新,但能較好地反應方言間的差異程度。以下是臨高-壯傣語群的完整列表,另請參見壯語條目和傣語條目來獲得更細緻的方言學分類。

死语

譜系[编辑]

以下分類是張高峰(泰语:พิทยาวัฒน์ พิทยาภรณ์轉寫Bidayaːwȃḍhan̶a̶ Bidayaːbharaṇ̶a̶派汶拼音Pít-tá-yaa-wát Pít-tá-yaa-pɔɔn)在其2009年博士論文中基於比較語言學共同創新給出的分類,排除考慮區域特徵影響,不代表各個口語的實際相似度。張高峰將李方桂壯傣語中支以及邕南壯語左江壯語區分開來,並通過計算認為其爲多系群邕北壯語壯語北部方言或壯傣語北支在除去過度方言武鳴壯語(卽標準壯語)後仍爲單系群。[1]

壯傣語
(張高峰
田野調查)
A(核心中支西南支
E
G
K
O
Q

西南支(如泰語老撾語等)

R

沙壩岱依語

P

保安县高平省岱依語文麻(岱)壯語

L

德靖(佒、儂)壯語猛康县西支儂語文山市砚山縣硯廣壯語(上方儂、锦侬)

H

天等龙茗大新左江壯語

F

龍州與大新雷平左江壯語

B

寧明左江壯語

C

崇左市上思縣邕南壯語高欄語

D(北支
I

钦州市邕南壯語

J
M

武鳴邕北壯語(標準壯語), 主流邕南壯語隆安县扶绥县邕南壯語

N

核心北支: 主流邕北壯語右江壯語壯語北部方言布依語石語

艾杰瑞(英語:Jerold Alan Edmondson)2013年的譜系中則給出了更貼近方言學的比較語言學結果,寧明左江壯語被重新歸入中支中的壯語南部方言主體。

壯傣語 

北支布依語、中南半島北支方言島(Yay, Po-Ai)、壯語北部方言代表點:武鳴邕北壯語(標準壯語)、马山邱北壮语[來源請求]

西南支:阿薩姆傣語、撣語傣那語傣奈语黑傣語白傣語巴地语老撾語泰語

中支

壯語南部方言主體:Nung Chau, 憑祥壯語, 雷平寧明左江壯語

岱依語支:Tay Bao Lac, Tay Khanh Trung, 高欄語

儂語:Western Nung, Nung Yang, Nung An, Thu Lao

語言比較[编辑]

音變[编辑]

參見侗台語族#原始侗台語侗台語族#語音演變

詞彙比較[编辑]

詞彙 泰语 老挝语 蘭納语 伊善语 掸语 傣仂语 壮语
/lom/ /lóm/ /lom/ /lom/ /lom4/ /lom/ /lɔm2/
/mɯaŋ/ /mɯaŋ/ /mɯaŋ/ /mɯaŋ/ /mɤŋ4/ /mœŋ/ /mɯ:ŋ2/
/din/ /din/ /din/ /din/ /lǐn1/ /din/ /ʔdin1-2/
/fai/ /fái/ /fai/ /fai/ /pʰaj4/ or /fai4/ /fai/ /fɐj2/
心脏 /hŭa tɕai/ /hǔa cài/ /hua tɕai/ /hua tɕai/ /ho1 tsaɯ1/ /hua tɕai/ /tsɐɯ1/
/rák/ /hāk/ /hag/ /hag/ /hak5/ /hag/ /ʔdi:p6/
/náːm/ /nȃm/ /nam/ /nam/ /nam5/ /nam/ /nɐm4/


腳註[编辑]

  1. ^ Pittayaporn, Pittayawat. 2009. The Phonology of Proto-Tai. PhD dissertation. Department of Linguistics, Cornell University.

參考文獻[编辑]

  • Ostapirat W (2000). "Proto-Kra." In Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area 23(1).

延伸閱讀[编辑]

  • Brown, J. Marvin. From Ancient Thai to Modern Dialects. Bangkok: Social Science Association Press of Thailand, 1965.
  • Chamberlain, James R. A New Look at the Classification of the Tai Languages. [s.l: s.n, 1972.
  • Conference on Tai Phonetics and Phonology, Jimmy G. Harris, and Richard B. Noss. Tai Phonetics and Phonology. [Bangkok: Central Institute of English Language, Office of State Universities, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, 1972.
  • Diffloth, Gérard. An Appraisal of Benedict's Views on Austroasiatic and Austro-Thai Relations. Kyoto: Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University, 1976.
  • Đoàn, Thiện Thuật. Tay-Nung Language in the North Vietnam. [Tokyo?]: Instttute [sic] for the Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa, Tokyo University of Foreign Studies, 1996.
  • Gedney, William J. On the Thai Evidence for Austro-Thai. [S.l: s.n, 1976.
  • Gedney, William J., and Robert J. Bickner. Selected Papers on Comparative Tai Studies. Michigan papers on South and Southeast Asia, no. 29. Ann Arbor, Mich., USA: Center for South and Southeast Asian Studies, University of Michigan, 1989. ISBN 0-89148-037-4
  • Gedney, William J., Carol J. Compton, and John F. Hartmann. Papers on Tai Languages, Linguistics, and Literatures: In Honor of William J. Gedney on His 77th Birthday. Monograph series on Southeast Asia. [De Kalb]: Northern Illinois University, Center for Southeast Asian Studies, 1992. ISBN 1-877979-16-3
  • Gedney, William J., and Thomas J. Hudak. (1995). William J. Gedney's central Tai dialects: glossaries, texts, and translations. Michigan papers on South and Southeast Asia, no. 43. Ann Arbor, Mich: Center for South and Southeast Asian Studies, University of Michigan ISBN 0-89148-075-7
  • Gedney, William J., and Thomas J. Hudak. William J. Gedney's the Yay Language: Glossary, Texts, and Translations. Michigan papers on South and Southeast Asia, no. 38. Ann Arbor, Mich: Center for South and Southeast Asian Studies, University of Michigan, 1991. ISBN 0-89148-066-8
  • Gedney, William J., and Thomas J. Hudak. William J. Gedney's Southwestern Tai Dialects: Glossaries, Texts and Translations. Michigan papers on South and Southeast Asia, no. 42. [Ann Arbor, Mich.]: Center for South and Southeast Asian Studies, University of Michigan, 1994. ISBN 0-89148-074-9
  • Hudak, Thomas John. William J. Gedney's The Tai Dialect of Lungming: Glossary, Texts, and Translations. Michigan papers on South and Southeast Asia, no. 39. [Ann Arbor]: Center for South and Southeast Asian Studies, University of Michigan, 1991. ISBN 0-89148-067-6
  • Li, Fang-kuei. 1977. Handbook of Comparative Tai. Honolulu, Hawaii: University of Hawai’i Press.
  • Li, Fang-kuei. The Tai Dialect of Lungchow; Texts, Translations, and Glossary. Shanghai: Commercial Press, 1940.
  • Østmoe, Arne. A Germanic-Tai Linguistic Puzzle. Sino-Platonic papers, no. 64. Philadelphia, PA, USA: Dept. of Asian and Middle Eastern Studies, University of Pennsylvania, 1995.
  • Sathāban Sūn Phāsā Qangkrit. Bibliography of Tai Language Studies. [Bangkok]: Indigenous Languages of Thailand Research Project, Central Institute of English Language, Office of State Universities, 1977.
  • Shorto, H. L. Bibliographies of Mon–Khmer and Tai Linguistics. London oriental bibliographies, v. 2. London: Oxford University Press, 1963.
  • Tingsabadh, Kalaya and Arthur S. Abramson. Essays in Tai Linguistics. Bangkok: Chulalongkorn University Press, 2001. ISBN 974-347-222-3

外部連結[编辑]