蛋白酶

维基百科,自由的百科全书
蛋白酶的所催化的反应
TEV蛋白酶的结构,其中红色的为催化三联体

蛋白酶(英語:protease,proteinase)又称蛋白水解酶(proteolytic enzyme)[1]肽酶(peptidase),是生物體內的一類(酵素),它們能夠分解蛋白質。分解方法是打斷那些將氨基酸連結成多肽鏈的肽鍵

蛋白酶是重要的工業酶,佔全球總酶銷售量約六成,其中七成用於工業用途的蛋白酶用於食品發酵等方面[2],例如酸性蛋白酶用於傳統發酵食品和調味品的生產[3][4]催化酪蛋白沈澱;中性蛋白酶因能夠去除水解產物的苦味而令醬油脫苦[5]鹼性蛋白酶應用於食品烘烤等方面[6],因為能夠有效提高生麵團的延性和韌性,並且增強麵包的起泡性。

分類[编辑]

目前已知的蛋白酶可以分成以下六大類:

参考文献[编辑]

  1. ^ 存档副本. [2022-11-11]. (原始内容存档于2022-05-13). 
  2. ^ Sabotič, J; Kos, J. Microbial and fungal protease inhibitors--current and potential applications.. Applied microbiology and biotechnology. 2012-02, 93 (4): 1351–75 [2019-12-13]. PMID 22218770. doi:10.1007/s00253-011-3834-x. (原始内容存档于2020-03-15). 
  3. ^ Lee, YH; Tominaga, M; Hayashi, R; Sakamoto, K; Yamada, O; Akita, O. Aspergillus oryzae strains with a large deletion of the aflatoxin biosynthetic homologous gene cluster differentiated by chromosomal breakage.. Applied microbiology and biotechnology. 2006-09, 72 (2): 339–45 [2019-12-13]. PMID 16673111. doi:10.1007/s00253-005-0282-5. (原始内容存档于2020-03-15). 
  4. ^ te Biesebeke, R; Record, E; van Biezen, N; Heerikhuisen, M; Franken, A; Punt, PJ; van den Hondel, CA. Branching mutants of Aspergillus oryzae with improved amylase and protease production on solid substrates.. Applied microbiology and biotechnology. 2005-11, 69 (1): 44–50 [2019-12-13]. PMID 15909137. doi:10.1007/s00253-005-1968-4. (原始内容存档于2020-03-15). 
  5. ^ Machida, M; Asai, K; Sano, M; Tanaka, T; Kumagai, T; Terai, G; Kusumoto, K; Arima, T; Akita, O; Kashiwagi, Y; Abe, K; Gomi, K; Horiuchi, H; Kitamoto, K; Kobayashi, T; Takeuchi, M; Denning, DW; Galagan, JE; Nierman, WC; Yu, J; Archer, DB; Bennett, JW; Bhatnagar, D; Cleveland, TE; Fedorova, ND; Gotoh, O; Horikawa, H; Hosoyama, A; Ichinomiya, M; Igarashi, R; Iwashita, K; Juvvadi, PR; Kato, M; Kato, Y; Kin, T; Kokubun, A; Maeda, H; Maeyama, N; Maruyama, J; Nagasaki, H; Nakajima, T; Oda, K; Okada, K; Paulsen, I; Sakamoto, K; Sawano, T; Takahashi, M; Takase, K; Terabayashi, Y; Wortman, JR; Yamada, O; Yamagata, Y; Anazawa, H; Hata, Y; Koide, Y; Komori, T; Koyama, Y; Minetoki, T; Suharnan, S; Tanaka, A; Isono, K; Kuhara, S; Ogasawara, N; Kikuchi, H. Genome sequencing and analysis of Aspergillus oryzae.. Nature. 2005-12-22, 438 (7071): 1157–61 [2019-12-13]. PMID 16372010. doi:10.1038/nature04300. (原始内容存档于2020-03-15). 
  6. ^ Okuda, M; Sumitomo, N; Takimura, Y; Ogawa, A; Saeki, K; Kawai, S; Kobayashi, T; Ito, S. A new subtilisin family: nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of new high-molecular-mass alkaline proteases from Bacillus spp.. Extremophiles : life under extreme conditions. 2004-06, 8 (3): 229–35 [2019-12-13]. PMID 15022105. doi:10.1007/s00792-004-0381-8. (原始内容存档于2020-03-15).