透螺科
透螺科
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科学分类 
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| 界： | 动物界 Animalia |
| 门： | 軟體動物門 Mollusca |
| 纲： | 腹足纲 Gastropoda |
| 演化支： | 真後鰓類 Euopisthobranchia |
| 目： | 头楯目 Cephalaspidea |
| 总科： | 盒螺總科 Cylichnoidea |
| 属： | 透螺科 Diaphanidae Odhner, 1914 (1857) |
| 異名[1] | |
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透螺科（學名：Diaphanidae）是生物分类学上一個微小海螺的分類單元，是頭楯目之下一個海洋腹足綱軟體動物的科[2][3]。舊屬透螺總科（學名：Diaphanoidea），現時是盒螺總科之下的成員[1]。
分佈[编辑]
本科物種見於海水溫度比較冰冷的地方，例如：北极地区、南极洲、澳大利亚及新西兰。
棲息地[编辑]
型態描述[编辑]
透螺科物種的螺殻微小、薄而且脆，一般透明或半透明，通常都小於5 mm in size。整體來說，螺殻呈卵形、梨形或球莖形。殻頂凹陷。
分類[编辑]
2005年分類[编辑]
根據2005年《布歇特和洛克羅伊的腹足類分類》，透螺科是透螺總科的成員，包括下列兩個科：
而透螺科由兩個亞科組成，包括下列各屬：
透螺亞科[编辑]
透螺亞科（Diaphaninae）包括下列各屬：
- Genus Austrodiaphana Henry Augustus Pilsbry, 1893
- Austrodiaphan brazieri George French Angas, 1877：見於西澳大利亚州，體長8 mm。
- Austrodiaphana colei Fleming, 1948
- Distribution : 新西兰
- Austrodiaphana flemingi Arthur William Baden Powell, 1952：見於紐西蘭
- Austrodiaphana maunganuica Arthur William Baden Powell, 1952：見於紐西蘭。
- Genus Colobocephalus Michael Sars, 1870
- Colobocephalus costellatus, Michael Sars, 1870
- Colobocephalus striatulus Monterosato ex Jeffreys, 1874
- Distribution : 地中海
- Genus Colpodaspis Michael Sars, 1870 (incertae sedis) The sole of the foot contains a gland that secretes a mucous fluid, which helps the little animal to stay attached to stems and algae.
- Colpodaspis punctata Clark, 1837
- Distribution : Mediterranean
- Colpodaspis pusilla Michael Sars, 1870：見於挪威南部、大不列顛島及爱尔兰岛西部
- Length : 5 mm
- Description : the bubble shell is completely enclosed by the mantle; two prominent rhinophores on the head, leading to a groove along each side of the head; right posterior siphon
- Colpodaspis thompsoni Brown, 1979
- Distribution : tropical 印度洋-太平洋海域, 沖繩縣, 圣诞岛
- Length : 3 mm
- Description : black sea slug with yellow warts on a white background; the 外套膜 encloses the bubble-shaped fragile shell; there is a pair of enrolled rhinophores on the head; the eyes are the two black spots on the head, just in front of the shell;
- Colpodaspis punctata Clark, 1837
- Genus Diaphana Brown, 1827
- Diaphana abyssalis T. Schiøtte, 1998
- Distribution : Western 大西洋
- Diaphana anderssoni H. Strebel, 1908
- Distribution : 南佐治亞
- Diaphana caribaea Espinosa, J., J.Ortea & J.Magaña, 2001
- Distribution : 古巴
- Length : 2 mm
- Diaphana cretica
- Distribution : Mediterranean
- Diaphana expansa (Jeffreys, 1864)
- Distribution : Norway to the 锡利群岛.
- Diaphana floridana W.H. Dall, 1927
- Distribution : Georgia
- Length : 4 mm
- Diaphana globosa Lovén, 1846
- Distribution : 斯堪的纳维亚
- Length : 4 mm
- Diaphana haini Linse, K. & T. Schiøtte, 2002
- Distribution : 南极洲
- Length : 2.2 mm
- Diaphana hiemalis (Couthouy, J.P., 1839) (synonym of Diaphana minuta)
- Diaphana inflata (Strebel, H., 1908)
- Distribution : South Georgia
- Length : 2.4 mm
- Diaphana lactea Jeffreys, 1877
- Distribution : Mediterranean, Norway
- Diaphana lottae K.J. Bush, 1893
- Distribution : 北卡罗来纳州
- Length : 8.5 mm
- Diaphana makarovi G.B. Gorbunov, 1946
- Distribution : East Greenland
- Length : 3 mm
- Diaphana mauretaniensis T. Schiøtte, 1998
- Distribution : Mauretania
- Diaphana minuta Brown, 1827
- Distribution : Greenland, Scandinavia, Iceland, 蘇格蘭, North 西班牙 down to the Canaries and the Mediterranean, 麻薩諸塞州.
- Length: 5.8 mm
- Description : found in sandy bottoms from the low tide level to a depth of 350 m; thin, fragile, smooth, cylindrical shell with convex whorl (mollusc)s. The body whorl is prominent. Minute apex. Deep suture (gastropod) between the whorls. Deep umbilicus (mollusk).
- Diaphana pacifica T. Schiøtte, 1998
- Distribution : 南加利福尼亞州
- Diaphana paessleri H. Strebel, 1905
- Diaphana pfefferi H. Strebel, 1905
- Distribution : South Georgia
- Length : 2.9 mm
- Diaphana quadrata
- Distribution : Mmediterranean
- Diaphana seguenzae R.B. Watson, 1886
- Distribution : NE 巴西
- Length : 3.8 mm
- Diaphana abyssalis T. Schiøtte, 1998
- Genus Newnesia Edgar Albert Smith, 1902 (incertae sedis)
- Newnesia antarctica Edgar Albert Smith, 1902
- Newnesia sphinx Strebel H., 1908
- Distribution : Paulet Insel (Antarctic Peninsula)
- Length : 24.8 mm
- Genus Rhinodiaphana Lemche, 1967
- Rhinodiaphana ventricosa Jeffreys, 1865
- Genus Woodbridgea Berry, 1953
- Woodbridgea polystrigma W.H. Dall, 1908 Furrowed Paper-bubble
- Distribution : America
- Woodbridgea williamsi S.S. Berry, 1953
- Distribution : West-America
- Woodbridgea polystrigma W.H. Dall, 1908 Furrowed Paper-bubble
Subfamily Toledoniinae[编辑]
- Bogasonia Warén, 1989
- Bogasonia gorjachevi Chaban, 1998 - Distribution: 千島群島.
- Bogasonia volutoides Warén, 1989 - Distribution: 冰岛. Found at depths between 100–200 m.
- Toledonia Dall, 1902
2017年分類[编辑]
截至2018年8月24日[update]，WoRMS紀錄透螺科之下只餘下透螺亞科的透螺屬之下[1]：
- 透螺亞科 Diaphaninae Odhner, 1914 (1857)
參考文獻[编辑]
- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Bouchet P. Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O , 编. Diaphanidae Odhner, 1914 (1857). MolluscaBase. 2017-01-19 [2018-08-23] –通过WoRMS.
- ^ Diaphanidae 透螺科. [2018-08-24]. （原始内容存档于2018-08-23） （中文（繁體））.
- ^ 揭維邦; 詹景堯. 七彩海蛞蝓：台灣的裸鰓動物. 國立海洋生物博物館. 2009: 309pp （中文（繁體））.
外部連結[编辑]
- Diaphanidae. ITIS.
- Bois-Reymond Marcus, E. D. (1976): A taxonomic survey of the genus Toledonia W.H. Dall, 1902 (Opistobranchia, Diaphanidae). Zool. Scripta 5: 25-33
- Photo of Colpodaspis thompsoni （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
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