颞上沟

颞上沟
	左侧大脑半球外侧（颞上沟位于红色标记处）
	左侧大脑半球外侧（颞上沟位于红色标记处）
基本信息
屬於	颞叶
标识字符
拉丁文	sulcus temporalis superior
NeuroNames（英语：NeuroNames）	129
TA98	A14.1.09.145
TA2	5494
FMA	FMA:83783
	《神经解剖学术语（英语：Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy）》 [在维基数据上编辑]

颞上沟（英文：Superior temporal sulcus）是大脑颞叶的一条脑沟，分隔了颞上回和颞中回^[1]^[2]。颞上沟与人脑的社交能力紧密相关（心智理论），包括理解他人的语言、动作和表情等^[3]^[4]。

结构[编辑]

颞上沟在外侧沟之下，分隔了颞上回和颞中回^[2]。颞上沟在左右大脑半球呈现不对称分布，左侧大脑半球的颞上沟较长，而右侧大脑半球的颞上沟较深^[5]。

功能[编辑]

语言处理[编辑]

当听到人的声音时，颞上沟区域变得活跃。许多研究显示颞上沟与处理语句、词组、音位等紧密相关^[1]^[5]。此外，在进行手语交流时，位于额叶的布若卡氏区会被激活，但布若卡氏区会接收来自颞上沟的信号^[6]。

社交能力[编辑]

颞上沟与人的社交能力有关，可分辨人声和环境声音、有条理的故事和杂乱的语言、生物体运动（包括脸部表情）、他人注意力和情感等^[1]^[4]。

临床[编辑]

颞上沟的异常与自闭症和失认症有关^[7]^[8]。

参见[编辑]

参考资料[编辑]

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Superior Temporal Sulcus. Science Direct. [2021-06-02]. （原始内容存档于2022-07-05）（英语）.
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 Gaillard, Frank. Superior temporal sulcus. Radiopaedia. [2021-06-02]. （原始内容存档于2021-11-02）（美国英语）.
^ Hein, Grit; Knight, Robert T. Superior temporal sulcus--It's my area: or is it?. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience. 2008-12, 20 (12): 2125–2136 [2021-06-02]. ISSN 0898-929X. PMID 18457502. doi:10.1162/jocn.2008.20148. （原始内容存档于2022-04-07）.
^ ^4.0 ^4.1 Isik, Leyla; Koldewyn, Kami; Beeler, David; Kanwisher, Nancy. Perceiving social interactions in the posterior superior temporal sulcus. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2017-10-24, 114 (43): E9145–E9152 [2021-06-02]. ISSN 0027-8424. PMID 29073111. doi:10.1073/pnas.1714471114. （原始内容存档于2022-01-28）（英语）.
^ ^5.0 ^5.1 Leroy, François; Cai, Qing; Bogart, Stephanie L.; Dubois, Jessica; Coulon, Olivier; Monzalvo, Karla; Fischer, Clara; Glasel, Hervé; Van der Haegen, Lise. New human-specific brain landmark: The depth asymmetry of superior temporal sulcus. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2015-01-27, 112 (4): 1208–1213 [2021-06-02]. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 4313811 . PMID 25583500. doi:10.1073/pnas.1412389112. （原始内容存档于2022-04-02）.
^ Campbell, R.; MacSweeney, M.; Waters, D. Sign Language and the Brain: A Review. Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education. 2007-06-14, 13 (1): 3–20. ISSN 1081-4159. doi:10.1093/deafed/enm035.
^ Zilbovicius, Monica; Meresse, Isabelle; Chabane, Nadia; Brunelle, Francis; Samson, Yves; Boddaert, Nathalie. Autism, the superior temporal sulcus and social perception. Trends in Neurosciences. 2006-07, 29 (7): 359–366 [2021-06-02]. ISSN 0166-2236. PMID 16806505. doi:10.1016/j.tins.2006.06.004. （原始内容存档于2022-03-20）.
^ Pure word deafness with auditory object agnosia after bilateral lesion of the superior temporal sulcus. Cortex. 2015-12-01, 73: 24–35 [2021-06-02]. ISSN 0010-9452. doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2015.08.001. （原始内容存档于2021-06-03）（英语）.

[:0-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Superior Temporal Sulcus. Science Direct. [2021-06-02]. （原始内容存档于2022-07-05）（英语）.

[:1-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Gaillard, Frank. Superior temporal sulcus. Radiopaedia. [2021-06-02]. （原始内容存档于2021-11-02）（美国英语）.

[3] Hein, Grit; Knight, Robert T. Superior temporal sulcus--It's my area: or is it?. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience. 2008-12, 20 (12): 2125–2136 [2021-06-02]. ISSN 0898-929X. PMID 18457502. doi:10.1162/jocn.2008.20148. （原始内容存档于2022-04-07）.

[:2-4] 4.0 ^4.1 Isik, Leyla; Koldewyn, Kami; Beeler, David; Kanwisher, Nancy. Perceiving social interactions in the posterior superior temporal sulcus. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2017-10-24, 114 (43): E9145–E9152 [2021-06-02]. ISSN 0027-8424. PMID 29073111. doi:10.1073/pnas.1714471114. （原始内容存档于2022-01-28）（英语）.

[:3-5] 5.0 ^5.1 Leroy, François; Cai, Qing; Bogart, Stephanie L.; Dubois, Jessica; Coulon, Olivier; Monzalvo, Karla; Fischer, Clara; Glasel, Hervé; Van der Haegen, Lise. New human-specific brain landmark: The depth asymmetry of superior temporal sulcus. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2015-01-27, 112 (4): 1208–1213 [2021-06-02]. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 4313811 . PMID 25583500. doi:10.1073/pnas.1412389112. （原始内容存档于2022-04-02）.

[6] Campbell, R.; MacSweeney, M.; Waters, D. Sign Language and the Brain: A Review. Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education. 2007-06-14, 13 (1): 3–20. ISSN 1081-4159. doi:10.1093/deafed/enm035.

[7] Zilbovicius, Monica; Meresse, Isabelle; Chabane, Nadia; Brunelle, Francis; Samson, Yves; Boddaert, Nathalie. Autism, the superior temporal sulcus and social perception. Trends in Neurosciences. 2006-07, 29 (7): 359–366 [2021-06-02]. ISSN 0166-2236. PMID 16806505. doi:10.1016/j.tins.2006.06.004. （原始内容存档于2022-03-20）.

[8] Pure word deafness with auditory object agnosia after bilateral lesion of the superior temporal sulcus. Cortex. 2015-12-01, 73: 24–35 [2021-06-02]. ISSN 0010-9452. doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2015.08.001. （原始内容存档于2021-06-03）（英语）.

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