黄嘌呤
| 黄嘌呤 | |
|---|---|
| |
| 首选IUPAC名 3,7-Dihydro-purine-2,6-dione | |
| 别名 | 1H-Purine-2,6-diol |
| 识别 | |
| CAS号 | 69-89-6 
|
| PubChem | 1188 |
| ChemSpider | 1151 |
| SMILES |
|
| DrugBank | DB02134 |
| IUPHAR配体 | 4557 |
| 性质 | |
| 化学式 | C5H4N4O2 |
| 摩尔质量 | 152.111 g·mol⁻¹ |
| 外观 | 白色固体 |
| 熔点 | 分解 |
| 溶解性（水） | 1 g/ 14.5 L @ 16 °C 1 g/1.4 L @ 100 °C |
| 若非注明，所有数据均出自标准状态（25 ℃，100 kPa）下。 | |
黄嘌呤（xanthine）又称2,6-二羟基嘌呤（2, 6-hydroxypurine[1][2]）、2,6-二氧嘌呤（2,6-dioxopurine），是嘌呤碱基的一种代谢物，广泛存在于动植物体中。在黄嘌呤氧化酶的作用下转换为尿酸。咖啡因、茶碱及可可碱（主要在巧克力中发现）等常見的溫和興奮劑均由黄嘌呤衍生出來[3][4][5][6]。
黄嘌呤也是嘌呤代謝後的产物，并会在黄嘌呤氧化酶的作用下转换为尿酸，有時累積過度會在某些人群中造成痛風的症狀。
參見
[编辑]參考文獻
[编辑]- ^ R. L. Adams. The Biochemistry of the Nucleic Acids. Springer Science & Business Media. 2012: 6. ISBN 9789400941038.
- ^ Alasdair H. Neilson, Ann-Sofie Allard. Organic Chemicals in the Environment: Mechanisms of Degradation and Transformation 2. CRC Press. 2012: 1845. ISBN 9781040187258.
- ^ Spiller, Gene A. (1998). Caffeine. Boca Raton: CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-2647-8 .
- ^ Daly, J. W.; Padgett, W. L.; Shamim, M. T. Analogs of caffeine and theophylline: effect of structural alterations on affinity at adenosine receptors. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (American Chemical Society (ACS)). 1986, 29 (7): 1305–1308. ISSN 0022-2623. doi:10.1021/jm00157a035.. PMID 3806581
- ^ Choi, Oksoon H.; Shamim, Mah T.; Padgett, William L.; Daly, John W. Caffeine and theophylline analogues: Correlation of behavioral effects with activity as adenosine receptor antagonists and as phosphodiesterase inhibitors. Life Sciences (Elsevier BV). 1988, 43 (5): 387–398. ISSN 0024-3205. doi:10.1016/0024-3205(88)90517-6.. PMID 2456442
- ^ Deree J, Martins JO, Melbostad H, Loomis WH, Coimbra R. Insights into the regulation of TNF-alpha production in human mononuclear cells: the effects of non-specific phosphodiesterase inhibition. Clinics (São Paulo). 2008, 63 (3): 321–8. PMC 2664230
. PMID 18568240. doi:10.1590/S1807-59322008000300006.
