锫的同位素
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锫有20种同位素和6种同核异构体,全部都有放射性,其中最稳定的是半衰期1380年的247Bk。
图表[编辑]
符号 | Z( p ) |
N( n ) |
同位素质量(u) | 半衰期 | 衰变 方式[2] |
衰变 产物 |
原子核 自旋 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
激发能量 | |||||||
236Bk[3] | 97 | 139 | 236.05733(43)# | +13 −6 s 22 |
β+(96%) | 236Cm | 4+# |
β+, SF(4%) | (various) | ||||||
238Bk | 97 | 141 | 238.05828(31)# | 2.40(8) min | α | 234Am | |
β+, SF (.048%) | (various) | ||||||
β+ (不常见) | 238Cm | ||||||
239Bk | 97 | 142 | 239.05828(25)# | 3# min | α | 235Am | 7/2+# |
β+ | 239Cm | ||||||
240Bk | 97 | 143 | 240.05976(16)# | 4.8(8) min | β+ (90%) | 240Cm | |
α (10%) | 236Am | ||||||
β+, SF (.002%) | (various) | ||||||
241Bk | 97 | 144 | 241.06023(22)# | 4.6(4) min | α | 237Am | (7/2+) |
β+ (不常见) | 241Cm | ||||||
242Bk | 97 | 145 | 242.06198(22)# | 7.0(13) min | β+ (99.99%) | 242Cm | 2−# |
β+, SF (3×10−4%) | (various) | ||||||
242mBk | 200(200)# keV | 600(100) ns | |||||
243Bk | 97 | 146 | 243.063008(5) | 4.5(2) h | β+ (99.85%) | 243Cm | (3/2−) |
α (.15%) | 239Am | ||||||
244Bk | 97 | 147 | 244.065181(16) | 4.35(15) h | β+ (99.99%) | 244Cm | (4−)# |
α (.006%) | 240Am | ||||||
245Bk | 97 | 148 | 245.0663616(25) | 4.94(3) d | ε (99.88%) | 245Cm | 3/2− |
α (.12%) | 241Am | ||||||
246Bk | 97 | 149 | 246.06867(6) | 1.80(2) d | β+ (99.8%) | 246Cm | 2(−) |
α (.2%) | 242Am | ||||||
247Bk | 97 | 150 | 247.070307(6) | 1.38(25)×103 y | α | 243Am | (3/2−) |
SF (不常见) | (various) | ||||||
248Bk | 97 | 151 | 248.07309(8)# | >300 y[1] | α | 244Am | 6+# |
248mBk | 30(70)# keV | 23.7(2) h | 1(−) | ||||
249Bk[n 1] | 97 | 152 | 249.0749867(28) | 330(4) d | β− | 249Cf | 7/2+ |
α (.00145%) | 245Am | ||||||
SF (4.7×10−8%) | (various) | ||||||
249mBk | 8.80(10) keV | 300 µs | (3/2−) | ||||
250Bk | 97 | 153 | 250.078317(4) | 3.212(5) h | β− | 250Cf | 2− |
250m1Bk | 35.59(5) keV | 29(1) µs | (4+) | ||||
250m2Bk | 84.1(21) keV | 213(8) µs | (7+) | ||||
251Bk | 97 | 154 | 251.080760(12) | 55.6(11) min | β− | 251Cf | (3/2−)# |
α (10−5%) | 247Am | ||||||
251mBk | 35.5(13) keV | 58(4) µs | (7/2+)# | ||||
252Bk | 97 | 155 | 252.08431(22)# | 1.8(5) min | β− | 252Cf | |
α | 248Am | ||||||
253Bk | 97 | 156 | 253.08688(39)# | 10# min | β− | 253Cf |
备注:画上#号的数据代表没有经过实验的证明,只是理论推测而已,而用括号括起来的代表数据不确定性。
← | 同位素列表 | → |
锔的同位素 | 锫的同位素 | 锎的同位素 |
注释[编辑]
- ^ 最容易制备的同位素
参考文献[编辑]
- ^ 1.0 1.1 Milsted, J.; Friedman, A. M.; Stevens, C. M. The alpha half-life of berkelium-247; a new long-lived isomer of berkelium-248. Nuclear Physics. 1965, 71 (2): 299. doi:10.1016/0029-5582(65)90719-4.
- ^ Universal Nuclide Chart. nucleonica. [2015-11-03]. (原始内容存档于2017-02-19).
- ^ Konki, J.; et al. Towards saturation of the electron-capture delayed fission probability: The new isotopes 240Es and 236Bk. Physics Letters B. 10 Jan 2017, 764: 265–270. Bibcode:2017PhLB..764..265K. ISSN 0370-2693. doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2016.11.038 .
- Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources.
- Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) (retrieved Sept. 2005).
- David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.
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