NGC 3201

NGC 3201
	[哈柏太空望远镜]]拍摄的NGC 3201；视野3.5′ ; Credit: NASA/STScI/WikiSky
观测数据(J2000 历元)
分类	X
星座	船帆座
赤经	10h 17m 36.82s
赤纬	–46° 24′ 44.9″
距离	16.3 kly（5.0 kpc）
视星等 (V)	+8.24
视直径(V)	18′.2
物理性质
Mass	2.54×105 M☉
半径	40 ly
VHB	14.77
金属量	–1.24 dex
估计年龄	10.24 Gyr
其它名称	GCl 15, GC 2068, h 3238, Dun 445, Bennett 44, Caldwell 79
	参见：球状星团，球状星团表

NGC 3201，即科德韦尔79（Caldwell 79），是位于船帆座，在低银纬度上的球状星团。它的恒星向中心的凝聚度非常低^[9]。该星团由詹姆士·敦洛普在1826年5月28日发现，并收录于他的1827年天体目录中。他对NGC 3201的描述为“一个相当大而明亮的星云，角直径约为4′或 5′，恒星逐渐向中心凝聚，并且在望远镜中容易被分辨出来。它的形状非常不规则，并且恒星在其南方部分分布相当分散”^[10]

概要[编辑]

NGC 3201的径向速度是不寻常高的490 km/s，高于其他已知的星团。而它的对应本动速度为240 km/s。NGC 3201的运动速度虽然高，但仍低于银河系的逃逸速度^[10]。NGC 3201距离太阳约16300光年，质量估计为太阳的254000倍^[3]，年龄为102.4亿年^[7]。

NGC 3201内的恒星分布并不均匀，并且随着与核心的距离变化。恒星的有效温度变化随着与核心的距离呈现正相关。较高温恒星距离核心较远，而低温红色恒星则聚集于核心附近。NGC 3201和M4直到2010年是已知仅有的两个恒星分布状况如此不均匀的星团^[11]。

图片集[编辑]

天文学家发现NGC 3201核心处的黑洞Astronomers discovered a black hole at the heart of NGC 3201.^[12]
画家笔下的NGC 3201核心双黑洞系统想像图。^[13]
拉西拉天文台口径2.2米MPG/ESO望远镜的广角影像器（Wide Field Imager，WFI）拍摄的NGC 3201彩色合成影像。

参考资料[编辑]

^ Shapley, Harlow; Sawyer, Helen B., A Classification of Globular Clusters, Harvard College Observatory Bulletin, August 1927, (849): 11–14, Bibcode:1927BHarO.849...11S.
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 Goldsbury, Ryan; et al, The ACS Survey of Galactic Globular Clusters. X. New Determinations of Centers for 65 Clusters, The Astronomical Journal, December 2010, 140 (6): 1830–1837, Bibcode:2010AJ....140.1830G, arXiv:1008.2755 , doi:10.1088/0004-6256/140/6/1830.
^ ^3.0 ^3.1 Paust, Nathaniel E. Q.; et al, The ACS Survey of Galactic Globular Clusters. VIII. Effects of Environment on Globular Cluster Global Mass Functions, The Astronomical Journal, February 2010, 139 (2): 476–491, Bibcode:2010AJ....139..476P, doi:10.1088/0004-6256/139/2/476.
^ ^4.0 ^4.1 SIMBAD Astronomical Object Database, Results for NGC 3201, [2006-11-16], （原始内容存档于2019-05-01）.
^ Boyles, J.; et al, Young Radio Pulsars in Galactic Globular Clusters, The Astrophysical Journal, November 2011, 742 (1): 51, Bibcode:2011ApJ...742...51B, arXiv:1108.4402 , doi:10.1088/0004-637X/742/1/51.
^ distance × sin( diameter_angle / 2 ) = 40 ly. radius
^ ^7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 Forbes, Duncan A.; Bridges, Terry, Accreted versus in situ Milky Way globular clusters, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, May 2010, 404 (3): 1203–1214, Bibcode:2010MNRAS.404.1203F, arXiv:1001.4289 , doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.16373.x.
^ NGC 3201, Deep Sky Observer's Companion, [2012-04-28], （原始内容存档于2017-09-03）.
^ Webb, N. A.; Wheatley, P. J.; Barret, D., XMM-Newton X-ray and optical observations of the globular clusters M 55 and NGC 3201, 2005, Bibcode:2005yCat..34450155W, arXiv:astro-ph/0509085 , doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20053010.
^ ^10.0 ^10.1 O'Meara, Stephen James, The Caldwell Objects, Deep-Sky Companions, Cambridge University Press: 314–315, 2002, ISBN 0521827965.
^ Kravtsov, V.; et al, Evidence of the inhomogeneity of the stellar population in the differentially reddened globular cluster NGC 3201, Astronomy and Astrophysics, March 2010, 512: L6, Bibcode:2010A&A...512L...6K, arXiv:1004.5583 , doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200913749.
^ Standout stars. www.spacetelescope.org. [22 January 2018]. （原始内容存档于2018-02-04）.
^ Odd Behaviour of Star Reveals Lonely Black Hole Hiding in Giant Star Cluster. www.eso.org. [18 January 2018]. （原始内容存档于2018-03-07）.

外部链接[编辑]

Globular Cluster NGC 3201 at SEDS pages（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
WikiSky上关于NGC 3201的内容：DSS2, SDSS, GALEX, IRAS, 氢α, X射线, 天文照片, 天图, 文章和图片
NGC 3201（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） at DOCdb (Deep Sky Observer's Companion)

天球赤道座标： 10^h 17^m 36.76^s，−46° 24′ 40.4″

[hcob849_11-1] Shapley, Harlow; Sawyer, Helen B., A Classification of Globular Clusters, Harvard College Observatory Bulletin, August 1927, (849): 11–14, Bibcode:1927BHarO.849...11S.

[aj140_6_1830-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Goldsbury, Ryan; et al, The ACS Survey of Galactic Globular Clusters. X. New Determinations of Centers for 65 Clusters, The Astronomical Journal, December 2010, 140 (6): 1830–1837, Bibcode:2010AJ....140.1830G, arXiv:1008.2755 , doi:10.1088/0004-6256/140/6/1830.

[aj139_2_476-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Paust, Nathaniel E. Q.; et al, The ACS Survey of Galactic Globular Clusters. VIII. Effects of Environment on Globular Cluster Global Mass Functions, The Astronomical Journal, February 2010, 139 (2): 476–491, Bibcode:2010AJ....139..476P, doi:10.1088/0004-6256/139/2/476.

[simbad-4] 4.0 ^4.1 SIMBAD Astronomical Object Database, Results for NGC 3201, [2006-11-16], （原始内容存档于2019-05-01）.

[apj742_1_51-5] Boyles, J.; et al, Young Radio Pulsars in Galactic Globular Clusters, The Astrophysical Journal, November 2011, 742 (1): 51, Bibcode:2011ApJ...742...51B, arXiv:1108.4402 , doi:10.1088/0004-637X/742/1/51.

[6] stance × sin( diameter_angle / 2 ) = 40 ly. radius

[mnras404_3_1203-7] 7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 Forbes, Duncan A.; Bridges, Terry, Accreted versus in situ Milky Way globular clusters, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, May 2010, 404 (3): 1203–1214, Bibcode:2010MNRAS.404.1203F, arXiv:1001.4289 , doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.16373.x.

[dsoc-8] NGC 3201, Deep Sky Observer's Companion, [2012-04-28], （原始内容存档于2017-09-03）.

[xiv0509085-9] Webb, N. A.; Wheatley, P. J.; Barret, D., XMM-Newton X-ray and optical observations of the globular clusters M 55 and NGC 3201, 2005, Bibcode:2005yCat..34450155W, arXiv:astro-ph/0509085 , doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20053010.

[omeara2002-10] 10.0 ^10.1 O'Meara, Stephen James, The Caldwell Objects, Deep-Sky Companions, Cambridge University Press: 314–315, 2002, ISBN 0521827965.

[aaa512_L6-11] Kravtsov, V.; et al, Evidence of the inhomogeneity of the stellar population in the differentially reddened globular cluster NGC 3201, Astronomy and Astrophysics, March 2010, 512: L6, Bibcode:2010A&A...512L...6K, arXiv:1004.5583 , doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200913749.

[12] Standout stars. www.spacetelescope.org. [22 January 2018]. （原始内容存档于2018-02-04）.

[13] Odd Behaviour of Star Reveals Lonely Black Hole Hiding in Giant Star Cluster. www.eso.org. [18 January 2018]. （原始内容存档于2018-03-07）.

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