海天牛属

海天牛属
	华丽海天牛
科学分类
界：	动物界 Animalia
门：	软体动物门 Mollusca
纲：	腹足纲 Gastropoda
总目：	囊舌类 Sacoglossa
科：	海天牛科 Plakobranchidae
属：	海天牛属 Elysia; Risso, 1818
物种
	见内文
异名
	Actaeon Rang, 1829; Elysiella Verrill, 1872; Elysiella Bergh, 1871; Pterogasteron Pease, 1860; Thridachia P. Fischer, 1883; Tridachia Deshayes, 1857; Tridachiella MacFarland, 1924;

海天牛属（Elysia）是海天牛科下的一个属，其下物种与裸鳃亚目生物外形相似，但并没有太多的亲缘关系^[1]。海天牛属下的许多生物都有盗食体质，可吸收藻类的叶绿体化为己用，时效长达数月之久。不过至今其具体机制还不清楚。^[2]

种[编辑]

海天牛属下的种包括^[1]^[3]

Elysia abei Baba, 1955
Elysia amakusana Baba, 1955
Elysia annedupontae Ortea, Caballer, Moro & Espinosa, 2005
Elysia asbecki Wagele, Stemmer, Burghardt & Handeler, 2010^[4]
Elysia atroviridis Baba, 1955
Elysia australis Quoy & Gaimard, 1832
Elysia babai Pruvot-Fol, 1946
Elysia bangtawaensis Swennen, 1997
Elysia bella Pease, 1860
Elysia bennettae Thompson, 1973
Elysia canguzua Er. Marcus, 1955
Elysia catulus Gould, 1870
长角海天牛 Elysia chilkensis Eliot, 1916
Elysia chitwa Er. Marcus, 1955
绿叶海天牛 Elysia chlorotica Gould, 1870
Elysia clarki Pierce, Curtis, Massey, Bass, Karl & Finney, 2006
Elysia coodgeensis (Angas, 1864)
Elysia cornigera Nuttall, 1989
Elysia crispata Mørch, 1863^[5]（图片（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆））
Elysia deborahae Ortea, Caballer, Moro & Espinosa, 2005
Elysia degeneri Ostergaard, 1955
Elysia diomedea (Bergh, 1894)
Elysia eugeniae Ortea & Esponosa, 2002
Elysia evelinae Marcus, 1957
Elysia expansa (O'Donoghue, 1924)
Elysia fezi Vilella, 1968
Elysia filicauda Jensen & Wells, 1990
Elysia flava Verrill, 1901
Elysia flavipunctata Ichikawa, 1993
Elysia flavomacula Jensen, 1990
Elysia furvacauda Burn, 1958
Elysia gordanae Thompson & Jaklin, 1988
Elysia grandifolia Kelaart, E.F. 1858
Elysia grandis Bergh, 1872
Elysia haingsisiana Bergh, 1905
Elysia halimedae Macnae, 1954
Elysia hamatanii Baba, 1957
Elysia hedgpethi Er. Marcus, 1961
Elysia hendersoni Eliot, 1899
Elysia hetta Perrone, 1990
Elysia hirasei Baba, 1955
日本海天牛 Elysia japonica Eliot, 1913
Elysia kushimotoensis Baba, 1957
Elysia leucolegnote Jensen, 1990
Elysia lobata Gould, 1852
Elysia macnaei Marcus, 1982
Elysia manriquei Ortea & Moro, 2009
Elysia maoria Powell, 1937
Elysia marcusi Marcus, 1972 ^[6]
Elysia margaritae Fez, 1962
Elysia mercieri Pruvot-Fol, 1930
Elysia minima Ichikawa, 1993
Elysia nealae Ostergaard, 1955
Elysia nigrocapitata Baba, 1957
Elysia nigropunctata Pease, 1871
Elysia nisbeti Thompson, 1977
Elysia obtusa Baba, 1938
Elysia oerstedii Mørch, 1859
华丽海天牛 Elysia ornata Swainson, 1840
Elysia papillosa A. E. Verrill, 1901
Elysia patagonica Munian & Ortea, 1997
Elysia patina
Ev. Marcus, 1980
- Elysia picta A. E. Verrill, 1901
Elysia pilosa Risbec, 1928
Elysia pratensis Ortea & Espinosa, 1996
Elysia punctata Kelaart, 1857
Elysia purchoni Thompson, 1977
Elysia pusilla Bergh, 1872
Elysia rufescens Pease, 1871
Elysia scops Ev. Marcus & Er. Marcus, 1967
Elysia serca Er. Marcus, 1955
Elysia setoensis Hamatani, 1968
Elysia siamensis Swennen, 1997
Elysia slimora Er. Marcus & Ev. Marcus, 1966
Elysia stylifera Jensen, 1997
Elysia subornata A. E. Verrill, 1901
Elysia sugashimae Baba, 1955
Elysia thompsoni Jensen, 1993
Elysia timida Risso, 1818
Elysia tokarensis Baba, 1957
Elysia tomentosa Jensen, 1997
Elysia translucens Pruvot-Fol, 1957
Elysia trilobata Heller & Thompson, 1983
Elysia trisinuata Baba, 1949
Elysia tuca Ev. Marcus and Er. Marcus, 1967
Elysia verrucosa Jensen, 1985
Elysia viridis Montagu, 1804
Elysia vreelandae Marcus & Marcus, 1970
Elysia yaeyamana Baba, 1936
Elysia zuleicae Ortea & Espinosa, 2002

被划分到其他属的生物：

Elysia arena Carlson & Hoff, 1978：Pattyclaya arena的异名 Carlson & Hoff, 1978
Elysia gracilis Risbec, 1928：Thuridilla gracilis的异名 Risbec, 1928
Elysia picta A. E. Verrill, 1901：Thuridilla picta的异名 A. E. Verrill, 1901
Elysia splendida Grube, 1861：Thuridilla hopei的异名 Vérany, 1853
Elysia vataae Risbec, 1928：Thuridilla vataae的异名 Risbec, 1928

参考文献[编辑]

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Bouchet, Gofas S. Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O , 编. Elysia Risso, 1818. MolluscaBase. 2017-12-09 [2018-05-15] –通过WoRMS.
^ BBC News item. [2014-02-25]. （原始内容存档于2013-08-17）.
^ Elysia. ITIS.
^ Wagele, H., Stemmer, K., Burghardt, I., & Handeler, K. (2010). "Two new sacoglossan sea slug species (Opisthobranchia, Gastropoda): Ercolania annelyleorum sp. nov. (Limapontioidea) and Elysia asbecki sp. nov. (Plakobranchoidea), with notes on anatomy, histology and biology." [[Zootaxa |2676 (2010): 1-28.
^ Patrick J. Krug, Jann E. Vendetti and Ángel A Valdés. 2016. Molecular and Morphological Systematics of Elysia Risso, 1818 (Heterobranchia: Sacoglossa) from the Caribbean region. Zootaxa. 4148(1) DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4148.1.1
^ Händeler K., Grzymbowski Y. P., Krug P. J. & Wägele H. (2009) "Functional chloroplasts in metazoan cells - a unique evolutionary strategy in animal life". [[Frontiers in Zoology |6: 28. doi:10.1186/1742-9994-6-28 PMID 19951407.

扩展阅读[编辑]

Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979 ISBN 0-00-216906-1
Jensen K.R. (2007) Biogeography of the Sacoglossa (Mollusca, Opisthobranchia). Bonner Zoologische Beiträge 55:255–281
Händeler K. & Wägele H. (2007) Preliminary study on molecular phylogeny of Sacoglossa and a compilation of their food organisms. Bonner Zoologische Beiträge 55: 231-254.

外部链接[编辑]

YouTube上的Video of Elysia diomedea in Costa Rica

[WoRMS_137928-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Bouchet, Gofas S. Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O , 编. Elysia Risso, 1818. MolluscaBase. 2017-12-09 [2018-05-15] –通过WoRMS.

[2] BBC News item. [2014-02-25]. （原始内容存档于2013-08-17）.

[ITIS_77938-3] Elysia. ITIS.

[4] Wagele, H., Stemmer, K., Burghardt, I., & Handeler, K. (2010). "Two new sacoglossan sea slug species (Opisthobranchia, Gastropoda): Ercolania annelyleorum sp. nov. (Limapontioidea) and Elysia asbecki sp. nov. (Plakobranchoidea), with notes on anatomy, histology and biology." [[Zootaxa |2676 (2010): 1-28.

[5] Patrick J. Krug, Jann E. Vendetti and Ángel A Valdés. 2016. Molecular and Morphological Systematics of Elysia Risso, 1818 (Heterobranchia: Sacoglossa) from the Caribbean region. Zootaxa. 4148(1) DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4148.1.1

[Händeler_2009-6] Händeler K., Grzymbowski Y. P., Krug P. J. & Wägele H. (2009) "Functional chloroplasts in metazoan cells - a unique evolutionary strategy in animal life". [[Frontiers in Zoology |6: 28. doi:10.1186/1742-9994-6-28 PMID 19951407.

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