细胞记忆

维基百科,自由的百科全书

细胞记忆,亦作身体记忆(Body memory)是一个没有经过科学证实的假说,并被一些主流学者视为伪科学,该学说认为人体本身或身体上的所有细胞均有储存记忆[1]个性特质[2]的能力,而不是主流学说所认为的只存在于大脑。这个假说可用来解释某些脑部并未有用来储存某种记忆的特定条件,而透过释放记忆的方式来重新恢复,例如:幻肢痛英语Phantom pain,又或器官移殖后的残存记忆[1]。这个假说亦被认为可以用来解释智能的起源[3],以及一些透过身体感知而重新唤醒被抑压的乱伦性虐待的回忆的现象[4]。这个假说之所以被认为是伪科学,是因为现时并未有确切证据去指明大脑以外的其他身体组织有储存记忆的能力[4][5]

历史[编辑]

有关以大脑以外的器官作记忆的假说,可以追溯至19世纪法国作家莫里斯·雷纳德英语Maurice Renard的恐怖科幻小说《奥拉克之手法语Les Mains d'Orlac[2],讲述一位钢琴家因为意外而失去双手,后来获得移殖另一对手,却不知道这对手是来自一位谋杀犯的。这小说随后多次被改编成为电影。

怀疑论[编辑]

1993年,一位心理学家苏珊·史密斯(Susan E. Smith)在一篇第一次在假记忆体综合征学术会议上发表的论文,把“细胞记忆”跟“幸存者心理学”两者相关连起来,指出:

body memories are thought to literally be emotional, kinesthetic, or chemical recordings stored at the cellular level and retrievable by returning to or recreating the chemical, emotional, or kinesthetic conditions under which the memory recordings are filed. She wrote in the abstract of the paper that "one of the most commonly used theories to support the ideology of repressed memories or incest and sexual abuse amnesia is body memories." [4]

史密斯继续表明自己的立场接著说:

The belief in these pseudoscientific concepts appears to be related to scientific illiteracy, gullibility, and a lack of critical thinking skills and reasoning abilities in both the mental health community and in society at large.[4]

参考资料[编辑]

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Carroll, RT. Cellular Memory. The Skeptic's Dictionary. 2009-02-23 [2010-09-23]. (原始内容存档于2018-10-08) (英语). 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 Inherited Memory in Organ Transplant Recipients [器官移殖接受者所承继的记忆]. 2013-01-25 [2013-07-12]. (原始内容存档于2015-10-13) (英语). 
  3. ^ Cellular memory hints at the origins of intelligence. Nature. 2008-01-23 [2013-07-12]. (原始内容存档于2020-11-12) (英语). 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Smith, SE. Body Memories: And Other Pseudo-Scientific Notions of "Survivor Psychology" . Issues in Child Abuse Accusations. 1993, 5 (4) [2013-07-11]. (原始内容存档于2018-10-02). 
  5. ^ Scott O. Lilienfeld SO; Lynn SJ; Lohr JM (编). Science and Pseudoscience in Clinical Psychology [临床心理学的科学与伪科学]. The Guilford Press. 2002. ISBN 1-57230-828-1. 

流行文化[编辑]