英国皇家科学院圣诞讲座

维基百科，自由的百科全书
（重定向自聖誕講座）
法拉第1856年的讲座

圣诞讲座，或称耶诞讲座（英语：Royal Institution Christmas Lectures）是指自1825年以来由英国皇家科学院（英语：Royal Institution）在伦敦所办的系列讲座，向大众介绍科学新知为名，而以易懂且富娱乐性为其特色，如化学家法拉第的最著名的通俗科学演讲蜡烛系列讲座[1]。

历年讲座[编辑]

没有电视直播的年代：1825到1965[编辑]

年份 演讲者 主题
1825 John Millington 自然哲学
1826 John Wallis[2] 解剖学
1827 麦可·法拉第 化学
1828 J. Wood 建筑学
1829 麦可·法拉第 电学
1830 Thomas Webster 地质学
1831 James Rennie 动物学
1832 麦可·法拉第 化学
1833 约翰·林德利 植物学
1834 威廉·托马斯·布兰德 Chemistry
1835 麦可·法拉第 Electricity
1836 威廉·托马斯·布兰德 Chemistry of the Gases
1837 麦可·法拉第 Chemistry
1838 John Wallis[2] Astronomy
1839 威廉·托马斯·布兰德 The Chemistry of the Atmosphere and the Ocean
1840 约翰·弗雷德里克·丹尼尔 The First Principles of Franklinic Electricity
1841 麦可·法拉第 The Rudiments of Chemistry
1842 威廉·托马斯·布兰德 The Chemistry of the Non-Metallic Elements
1843 麦可·法拉第 First Principles of Electricity
1844 威廉·托马斯·布兰德 The Chemistry of the Gases
1845 麦可·法拉第 The Rudiments of Chemistry
1846 John Wallis[2] The Rudiments of Astronomy
1847 威廉·托马斯·布兰德 The Elements of Organic Chemistry
1848 麦可·法拉第 The Chemical History of a Candle
1849 Robert Walker The Properties of Matter and the Laws of Motion
1850 威廉·托马斯·布兰德 The Chemistry of Coal
1851 麦可·法拉第 Attractive Forces
1852 Chemistry
1853 Voltaic Electricity
1854 The Chemistry of Combustion
1855 The Distinctive Properties of the Common Metals
1856 Attractive Forces
1857 Static Electricity
1858 The Metallic Properties
1859 The Various Forces of Matter and their Relations to Each Other
1860 The Chemical History of a Candle
1861 约翰·丁达尔 Light
1862 爱德华·弗兰克兰 Air and Water
1863 约翰·丁达尔 Electricity at Rest and Electricity in Motion
1864 爱德华·弗兰克兰 The Chemistry of a Coal
1865 约翰·丁达尔 Sound
1866 爱德华·弗兰克兰 The Chemistry of Gases
1867 约翰·丁达尔 Heat and Cold
1868 威廉·奥德林 The Chemical Changes of Carbon
1869 约翰·丁达尔 Light
1870 威廉·奥德林 Burning and Unburning
1871 约翰·丁达尔 Ice, Water, Vapour and Air
1872 威廉·奥德林 Air and Gas
1873 约翰·丁达尔 The Motion and Sensation of Sound
1874 约翰·贺尔·格莱斯顿 The Voltaic Battery
1875 约翰·丁达尔 Experimental Electricity
1876 约翰·贺尔·格莱斯顿 The Chemistry of Fire
1877 约翰·丁达尔 Heat, Visible and Invisible
1878 詹姆斯·杜瓦 A Soap Bubble
1879 约翰·丁达尔 Water and Air
1880 詹姆斯·杜瓦 Atoms
1881 罗伯特·斯德威尔·鲍尔 The Sun, the Moon and the Planets
1882 约翰·丁达尔 Light and the Eye
1883 詹姆斯·杜瓦 Alchemy in Relation to Modern Science
1884 约翰·丁达尔 The Sources of Electricity
1885 詹姆斯·杜瓦 The Story of a Meteorite
1886 The Chemistry of Light and Photography
1887 罗伯特·斯德威尔·鲍尔 Astronomy
1888 詹姆斯·杜瓦 Clouds and Cloudland
1889 Arthur Rücker Electricity
1890 詹姆斯·杜瓦 霜与火
1891 约翰·格雷·麦肯特列克 Life in Motion; or the Animal Machine
1892 罗伯特·斯德威尔·鲍尔 Astronomy
1893 詹姆斯·杜瓦 空气：气体和液体
1894 约翰·弗莱明 电流作的功
1895 约翰·格雷·麦肯特列克 Sound, Hearing and Speech
1896 Sylvanus Phillips Thompson Light, Visible and Invisible
1897 Oliver Lodge The Principles of the Electric Telegraph
1898 罗伯特·斯德威尔·鲍尔 Astronomy
1899 查理士·凡而侬·波伊斯 运动和静止状态下的流体
1900 罗伯特·斯德威尔·鲍尔 Great Chapters from the Book of Nature
1901 约翰·弗莱明 水、空气和以太的波浪和涟漪
1902 Henry Selby Hele-Shaw Locomotion : On the Earth, Through the Water, in the Air
1903 E·雷·兰克斯特 Extinct Animals
1904 Henry Cunynghame Ancient and Modern Methods of Measuring Time
1905 赫伯特·霍尔·特纳 Astronomy
1906 威廉·达德尔 Signalling to a Distance
1907 戴维·吉尔 新旧天文学
1908 威廉·斯特林 The Wheel of Life
1909 威廉·达德尔 Modern Electricity
1910 Sylvanus Phillips Thompson Sound: Musical and Non-Musical
1911 Peter Chalmers Mitchell The Childhood of Animals
1912 詹姆斯·杜瓦 最后一次圣诞讲座
1913 赫伯特·霍尔·特纳 A Voyage in Space
1914 查理士·凡而侬·波伊斯 住宅中的科学
1915 赫伯特·霍尔·特纳 Wireless Messages from the Stars
1916 阿瑟·基思 The Human Machine Which All Must Work
1917 约翰·弗莱明 我们有用的仆人：磁和电
1918 达西·汤普森 The Fish of the Sea
1919 威廉·亨利·布拉格 声音的世界
1920 John Arthur Thomson The Haunts of Life
1921 约翰·弗莱明 电波与无线电话
1922 赫伯特·霍尔·特纳 Six Steps Up the Ladder to the Stars
1923 威廉·亨利·布拉格 关于事物的本质
1924 Francis Balfour-Browne Concerning the Habits of Insects
1925 威廉·亨利·布拉格 老手艺与新知识
1926 阿奇博尔德·希尔 神经和肌肉：我们的感觉和运动
1927 爱德华·安德拉德 Engines
1928 Alexander Wood Sound Waves and their Uses
1929 Stephen Glanville How Things Were Done in Ancient Egypt
1930 Arthur Mannering Tyndall The Electric Spark
1931 威廉·亨利·布拉格 光的宇宙
1932 Alexander Oliver Rankine The Round of the Waters
1933 詹姆士·金斯 穿越时空
1934 威廉·劳伦斯·布拉格 电
1935 Charles Edward Kenneth Mees Photography
1936 杰弗里·泰勒 轮船
1937 朱利安·赫胥黎 珍稀野生动物的消失
1938 James Kendall Young Chemists and Great Discoveries
1939–1942 因第二次世界大战爆发而暂停
1943 爱德华·安德拉德 Vibrations and Waves
1944 Harold Spencer Jones Astronomy in our Daily Life
1945 劳勃·华生-瓦特 无线电报
1946 Hamilton Hartridge Colours and How We See Them
1947 埃里克·凯特利·里德尔 Chemical Reactions: How They Work
1948 弗雷德里克·巴特莱特 工作和娱乐的大脑
1949 Percy Dunsheath The Electric Current
1950 爱德华·安德拉德 Waves and Vibrations
1951 詹姆斯·格雷 How Animals Move
1952 F. Sherwood Taylor How Science Has Grown
1953 John Ashworth Ratcliffe The Uses of Radio Waves
1954 弗兰克·惠特尔 石油的故事
1955 Harry W. Melville Big Molecules
1956 Harry Baines Photography
1957 朱利安·赫胥黎和James Fisher Birds
1958 John Ashworth Ratcliffe, James M. Stagg,
Robert L. F. Boyd,
Graham Sutton,
George E. R. Deacon,
Gordon de Quetteville Robin 		International Geophysical Year
1959 Thomas Allibone The Release and Use of Atomic Energy
1960 Vernon Ellis Cosslett Seeing the Very Small
1961 威廉·劳伦斯·布拉格 Electricity
1962 R. E. D. (Richard Evelyn Donohue) Bishop Vibration
1963 Ronald King Energy
1964 德斯蒙德·莫利斯 Animal Behaviour
1965 Bernard Lovell, Francis Graham-Smith,
马丁·赖尔、安东尼·休伊什 		Exploration of the Universe

电视直播的年代：1966至今[编辑]

年份 演讲者 主题 分节标题 电视台
1966 埃里克·莱思韦特
Eric Laithwaite 		The Engineer in Wonderland[3]
仙境中的工程师 		1. The White Rabbit

2. Only the Grin was Left

3. The Caucus Race

4. Curiouser and Curiouser

5. If only I were the right size to do it

6. It's the Oldest Rule in the Book

BBC Two
1967 理查德·L·格里高利
Richard Langton Gregory 		The Intelligent Eye[4]
聪明的眼睛 		1. Ancient Eyes and Simple Brains

2. Learning to See Things

3. Playing with Illusions

4. How Illusions Play Games with Us

5. Human Eyes in Space

6. The Future-Machines that See?

1968 Philip Morrison Gulliver's Laws: The Physics of Large and Small[5]
格列佛定律：关于大和小的物理学 		1. The World of Captain Gulliver

2. Meat and Drink Sufficient...

3. A Prodigious Leap?

4. Lilliput and Brobdingnag since the Industrial Revolution

5. Dwarf and Giant Numbers

6. Beyond the Map

1969 乔治·波特
George Porter 		Time Machines[6]
时间机器 		1. In the Beginning...

2. Clockwork Harmony

3. The Tick of the Atom

4. Big Time, Little Time

5. Faster, Faster

6. To the Ends of Time

1970 约翰·R·内皮尔
John Napier 		Monkeys Without Tails: A Giraffe's Eye-view of Man[7]
没有尾巴的猴子：长颈鹿眼中的人类 		1. Man has a very short neck and no tail

2. Man comes in several different sizes and shapes

3. Fancy having to climb trees in order to eat

4. Man chooses a sensible place to live at last

5. Why choose to walk on two legs when it is much safer on four?

6. What's the idea of shooting at us?

1971 查尔斯·A·泰勒
Charles Taylor 		Sounds of Music: The Science of Tones and Tune[8]
音乐之声：音调和曲调的科学 		1. Making and Measuring the Waves

2. From Small Beginnings

3. Growing and Changing

4. Craftsmanship and Technology

5. On the Way to the Ear

6. The End of the Journey

1972 Geoffrey G. Gouriet Ripples in the Ether: The Science of Radio Communication[9]
 1. How It All Began

2. Getting Rid of the Wires

3. The Sound of Broadcasting

4. Pictures With and Without Wires

5. But Electrons aren't Coloured!

6. Vision of the Future

1973 戴维·阿滕伯勒
David Attenborough 		The Language of Animals
动物的语言 		1. Beware!

2. Be Mine

3. Parents and Children

4. Simple Signs and Complicated Communications

5. Foreign Languages

6. Animal Language, Human Language

1974 埃里克·莱思韦特
Eric Laithwaite 		The Engineer Through the Looking Glass 1. Looking Glass House

2. Tweedledum and Tweedledee

3. Jam Yesterday, Jam Tomorrow

4. The Jabberwock

5. The Time has come the Walrus said

6. It's my own Invention

1975 Heinz Wolff Signals from the Interior 1. You as an engine

2. Pumps pipes and flows

3. Spikes and waves

4. Probes, sondes and sounds

5. Looking through your skin

6. Signals from the mind

1976 乔治·波特
George Porter 		The Natural History of a Sunbeam[10] 1. First Light

2. Light and Life

3. A Leaf from Nature

4. Candles from the Sun

5. Making Light Work

6. Survival Under the Sun

1977 卡尔·萨根
Carl Sagan 		The Planets 1. The Earth as a Planet

2. The Outer Solar System and Life

3. The History of Mars

4. Mars before Viking

5. Mars after Viking

6. Planetary Systems Beyond Our Sun

1978 埃里克·克里斯托弗·齐曼
Erik Christopher Zeeman 		Mathematics into Pictures 1. Linking and Knotting

2. Numbers and Geometry

3. Infinity and Perspective

4. Games and Evolution

5. Waves and Music

6. Catastrophe and Psychology

1979 Eric M. Rogers Atoms for Engineering Minds: A Circus of Experiments[11] 1. Getting to Know Atoms

2. Molecules in Motion

3. Electrified Atoms

4. Atoms that Explode

5. Atoms and Energy

6. Seeing Atoms at Last

1980 大卫·奇尔顿·菲利浦斯
马克斯·佩鲁茨演讲了第5节
David Chilton Phillips
with Max Perutz in Lecture 5 		The Chicken, the Egg and the Molecules 1. What are chickens made of?

2. Machine tools of life

3. Muscle power

4. Eggs, genes and proteins

5. Haemoglobin: the breathing molecule

6. Molecules at work

1981 Reginald Victor Jones From Magna Carta to Microchip[12] 1. Principles, Standards and Methods

2. The Measurement of Time

3. More and More About Less and Less

4. Onwards to the Stars

5. Measurement and Navigation in War

6. Some Impacts of Measurement on Life: And Can We Take it too Far?

1982 科林·布莱克默
Colin Blakemore 		Common Sense[13] 1. Making Sense

2. The Sound of Silence

3. The Sixth Sense - and the Rest

4. Show Me the Way to Go Home

5. Vive la différence

6. Enchanted Loom

1983 Leonard Maunder Machines in Motion[14] 1. Driving Forces

2. Gathering Momentum

3. Vibration

4. Under Control

5. Fluids and Flight

6. Living Machines

1984 沃尔特·博德默尔
Walter Bodmer 		The Message of the Genes[15] 1. We're All Different

2. The Spice of Life

3. Genetic Engineering

4. Bodies and Antibodies

5. Normal Cells and Cancer Cells

6. When Will Pigs Have Wings?

1985 约翰·大卫·皮耶
John David Pye 		Communicating[16]
交流 		1. No Man is an Island

2. Animal Talk

3. The Bionic Bat

4. The Pace of Technology

5. The Integrated Body

6. Computers

1986 刘易斯·沃尔珀特
Lewis Wolpert 		Frankenstein's Quest: Development of Life[17] 1. First Take an Egg...

2. The Medium and the Message

3. The Right Stuff

4. Genes and Flies

5. Chain of Command

6. Growing Up and Growing Old

1987 约翰·默瑞格·托马斯和大卫·菲利普斯
John Meurig Thomas and David Phillips 		Crystals and Lasers
晶体与激光器 		1. Introducing the characters

2. The architecture of crystals

3. Semiconductors, superconductors and catalysts

4. Constructing a laser

5. Applications of lasers

6. Crystals, lasers and the human body

1988 Gareth Roberts The Home of the Future[18] 1. Appliance Science

2. Home, Safe Home

3. Electronics for Pleasure

4. Home, Smart Home

5. Mixers, Meters and Molecules

1989 查尔斯·A·泰勒
Charles Taylor 		Exploring Music[19] 1. What Is Music?

2. The Essence of an Instrument

3. Science, Strings and Symphonies

4. Technology, Trumpets and Tunes

5. Scales, Synthesisers and Samplers

1990 Malcolm Longair Origins[20] 1. The Grand Design

2. The Birth of the Stars

3. The Origin of Quasars

4. The Origin of the Galaxies

5. The Origin of the Universe

1991 理查德·道金斯
Richard Dawkins 		Growing Up in the Universe 1. Waking Up in the Universe

2. Designed and Designoid Objects

3. Climbing Mount Improbable

4. The Ultraviolet Garden

5. The Genesis of Purpose

1992 Charles J. M. Stirling Our World Through the Looking Glass 1. Man in the Mirror

2. Narwhals, Palindromes and Chesterfield Station

3. The Handed Molecule

4. Symmetry, Sensation and Sex

5. In the Hands of Giants

1993 弗兰克·克洛斯
Frank Close 		The Cosmic Onion 1. A is for Atoms

2. To the Centre of the Sun

3. Invaders from Outer Space

4. Anti-Matter Matters

5. An Hour to Make the Universe

1994 苏珊·格林菲尔德
Susan Greenfield 		Journey to the Centre of the Brain[21][22] 1. The Electric Ape

2. Through a Glass Darkly

3. Bubble Bubble Toil and Trouble

4. The Seven Ages of the Brain

5. The Mind's I

1995 James Jackson Planet Earth, An Explorer's Guide 1. On the Edge of the World

2. Secrets of the Deep

3. Volcanoes: Melting the Earth

4. The Puzzle of the Continents

5. Waterworld

1996 Simon Conway Morris The History in our Bones[23] 1. Staring into the Abyss

2. The Fossils Come Alive

3. The Great Dyings: Life after Death

4. Innovations And Novelty

5. Feet on the Ground, Head in the Stars: The History of Man

1997 艾恩·史都华
Ian Stewart 		The Magical Maze 1. Sunflowers and Snowflakes

2. The Pattern of Tiny Feet

3. Outrageous Fortune

4. Chaos and Cauliflowers

5. Fearful Symmetry

1998 Nancy Rothwell Staying Alive 1. Sense and Sensitivity

2. Fats and figures

3. Chilling out

4. Times of our lives

5. Pushing the limits

1999 Neil F. Johnson Arrows of Time[24] 1. Back to the Future

2. Catching the Waves

3. The Quantum Leap

4. Edge of Chaos

5. Shaping the Future

2000 凯文·沃威克
Kevin Warwick 		Rise of the Robots[25] 1. Anatomy of an Android

2. Things That Think

3. Remote Robots

4. Bionic Bodies

5. I, Robot

Channel 4
2001 约翰·苏尔斯顿
John Sulston 		The Secrets of Life[26] 1. What is life?

2. How do I grow?

3. What am I?

4. Can we fix it?

5. Future of life?

2002 Tony Ryan Smart Stuff[27] 1. The Spider that Spun a Suspension Bridge

2. The Trainer That Ran Over The World

3. The Phone that Shrank the Planet

4. The Plaster that Stretches Life

5. The Ice Cream that Will Freeze Granny

2003 Monica Grady Voyage in Space and Time[28] 1. Blast Off

2. Mission to Mars

3. Planet Patrol

4. Collision Course

5. Anybody Out There?

2004 Lloyd Peck Antarctica[28] 1. Ice People

2. Ice Life

3. Ice World

2005 John Krebs The Truth About Food 1. The ape that cooks

2. Yuck or yummy?

3. You are what you eat

4. When food goes wrong

5. Food for the future

Channel Five
2006 马库斯·杜·索托伊
Marcus du Sautoy 		The Num8er My5teries[29] 1. The curious incident of the never-ending numbers

2. The quest to predict the future

3. The story of the elusive shapes

4. The case of the uncrackable code

5. The secret of the winning streak

2007 Hugh Montgomery Back from the Brink: The Science of Survival 1. Peak Performance

2. Completely Stuffed

3. Grilled and Chilled

4. Fight, Flight and Fright

5. Luck, Genes and Stupidity

2008 Christopher Bishop Hi-tech Trek 1. Breaking the Speed Limit

2. Chips with Everything

3. The Ghost in the Machine

4. Untangling the Web

5. Digital Intelligence

2009 Sue Hartley The 300-Million-Year War 1. Plant Wars

2. The Animals Strike Back

3. Talking Trees

4. Dangerous to Delicious

5. Weapons of the Future

More4
2010 马克·米奥多尼克
Mark Miodownik 		Size Matters
尺寸迷思 		1. Why Elephants Can't Dance but Hamsters Can Skydive

2. Why Chocolate Melts and Jet Planes Don't

3. Why Mountains Are So Small

BBC Four
2011 Bruce Hood Meet Your Brain[30]
认识大脑 		1. What's in your head?

2. Who's in charge here anyway?

3. Are you thinking what I'm thinking?

2012 彼得·沃瑟斯
Peter Wothers 		The Modern Alchemist
现代炼金术士 		1. Air: the elixir of life

2. Water: the fountain of youth

3. Earth: the philosopher's stone

2013 艾丽森·伍拉德
Alison Woollard 		Life Fantastic
奇妙的生命 		1. Where do I come from?

2. Am I a Mutant?

3. Could I live forever?

2014 Danielle George Sparks will fly: How to Hack your Home
让火花飞：如何利用你的家 		1. The light bulb moment

2. Making contact

3. A new revolution

2015 Kevin Fong How to survive in space
如何在太空中生存 		1. Lift off!

2. Life in Orbit

3. The next frontier

2016 Saiful Islam Supercharged: Fuelling the future
超限储能：驱动未来 		1. Let there be light!

2. People Power

3. Fully charged

2017 索菲·斯科特
Sophie Scott 		The Language of Life 1. Say it with Sound

2. Silent Messages

3. The Word

2018 Alice Roberts

Aoife McLysaght

Who am I?[31]
我是谁 		1. Where Do I Come From?

2. What Makes Me Human?

3. What Makes Me, Me?

2019 Hannah Fry Secrets and Lies: The Hidden Power of Maths[32] 1. How to Get Lucky

2. How to Bend the Rules

3. How Can We All Win?

2020 Christopher Jackson

海伦·切尔斯基Helen Czerski
Tara Shine

Planet Earth: A user's guide[33]
行星地球
2021 Jonathan Van-Tam Going viral: How Covid changed science forever[34] 1. The Invisible Enemy

2. The Perfect Storm

3. Fighting Back

参考书目[编辑]

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外部链接[编辑]

取自“https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=英国皇家科学院圣诞讲座&oldid=82119843”