毒蝰

毒蝰
保護狀況
	; 無危（IUCN 3.1）
科學分類
界：	動物界 Animalia
門：	脊索動物門 Chordata
綱：	爬蟲綱 Reptilia
目：	有鱗目 Squamata
亞目：	蛇亞目 Serpentes
科：	蝰科 Viperidae
屬：	蝰屬 Vipera
種：	毒蝰 V. aspis
二名法
	Vipera aspis; (Linnaeus, 1758)
異名
	[Coluber] aspis Linnaeus, 1758; Vipera Francisci Redi ; Laurenti, 1768; Vipera Mosis Charas Laurenti, 1768; Vipera vulgaris ; Latreille in Sonnini & Latreille, 1801; Vipera ocellata ; Latreille in Sonnini & Latreille, 1801; Coluber Charasii — Shaw, 1802; [Vipera (Echidna)] Aspis ; — Merrem, 1820; C[hersea]. vulgaris — Fleming, 1822; Vipera aspis — Metaxa, 1823; Aspis ocellata — Fitzinger, 1826; [Pelias] Col[uber]. aspis ; — F. Boie, 1827; Berus Vulgaris — Gray, 1831; Vipera aspis var. ocellata ; — Bonaparte, 1834; Vipera aspis var. ocellata ; — Massalongo, 1853; V[ipera]. (Vipera) aspis ; — Jan, 1863; Vipera berus subspec. aspis ; — Camerano, 1888; Vipera aspis — Boulenger, 1896; Vipera aspis var. lineata ; Düringen, 1897; [Vipera aspis] var. Delalande Phisalix, 1902; Vipera aspis aspis ; — Mertens, 1925; Mesovipera aspis ; — A.F.T. Reuss, 1927; Mesovipera maculata ; A.F.T. Reuss, 1930 (nomen nudum); Mesovipera maculata aspis ; — A.F.T. Reuss, 1930 (nomen nudum); Vipera ammodytes aspis ; — Schwarz, 1936; Vipera aspis delalande ; — M. Phisalix, 1968; Vipera (Rhinaspis) aspis aspis ; — Obst, 1983; Vipera aspis — Golay et al., 1993;

毒蝰（學名：Vipera aspis）是蝰屬的一種毒蛇^[4]。其毒性很強，人類被咬後死亡率達4%^[5]。其種加詞來自希臘語，意思就是「毒蛇」^[6]。它有五個亞種。^[7]

分類[編輯]

其體長一般在60—65公分（24—26英寸）之間，雄蛇最長可達85 cm（33英寸），雌性則為75 cm（30英寸），但雄性身體要比雌性細一些.。^[4]

^ The Reptile Database. www.reptile-database.org.
^ Boulenger, G.A. 1896. Catalogue of the Snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume III., Containing the...Viperidæ. Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History). (Taylor and Francis, Printers.) London. xiv + 727 pp. + Plates I.- XXV. (Vipera aspis, pp. 481-485.)
^ McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, Touré T. 1999. Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, Volume 1. Herpetologists' League. 511 pp. ISBN 1-893777-00-6 (series). ISBN 1-893777-01-4 (volume).
^ ^4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 Mallow D, Ludwig D, Nilson G. 2003. True Vipers: Natural History and Toxinology of Old World Vipers. Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, Florida. 359 pp. ISBN 0-89464-877-2.
^ Street D. 1979. The Reptiles of Northern and Central Europe. London: B.T. Batsford Ltd. 268 pp. ISBN 0-7134-1374-3.
^ Gotch AF. 1986. Reptiles – Their Latin Names Explained. Poole, UK: Blandford Press. 176 pp. ISBN 0-7137-1704-1.
^ ^7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 Vipera aspis. ITIS. [2006-08-13].