树蟾科

雨蛙科; 化石时期：57–0 Ma PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N 古新世 – 现今
	红眼树蛙
科学分类
界：	动物界 Animalia
门：	脊索动物门 Chordata
纲：	两栖纲 Amphibia
目：	无尾目 Anura
亚目：	新蛙亚目 Neobatrachia
总科：	雨蛙总科 Hyloidea
科：	雨蛙科 Hylidae; Rafinesque, 1815
属
	见内文
	树蟾科的分布

雨蛙科（学名：Hylidae）即树蟾科，通称为雨蛙、树蟾、树蛙。其类别分别颇大。栖息在树上的雨蛙多是绿色的，然而在陆地上和水中的种颜色则较为暗淡。它们大多数是以捕食昆虫为生，但也有部分较大的种是依靠捕食小型脊椎动物为生。很多的雨蛙都不是栖息于树上的，而是生长在陆地上或水中。圆蛙属（Cyclorana）的蛙是较隐蔽的，有时它们会隐藏在地下多年。

树蟾的种类[编辑]

欧洲树蟾，例如无斑雨蛙（Hyla arborea）是在中南美洲常见的蛙，并分布在亚洲和非洲北部一带。当将快下雨时，这种蛙会变得非常吵闹，因此有时他们会被困着来作为一种晴雨表。

在北美洲有很多种类的树蟾，包括灰树蟾（Hyla versicolor），一种灰色的树蟾，和美国树蟾（Hyla cinerea），一种绿色的树蟾。而春雨蛙（spring peeper）则普遍分布在美国东部，并常会在夏天和春天晚上听到它们的声音。

树蟾（tree toad）是某些树蟾科普遍的名称。灰树蟾是变色树蟾，Trachycephalus lichenatus是地衣树蟾，夜光蝾螺（T. marmoratus）是大理石树蟾。

分类[编辑]

树蟾科可以细分为4个亚科，和37至39属。

澳雨蛙亚科（Pelodryadinae） (Austro-Papuan tree frogs)[编辑]

圆蛙属 Cyclorana Steindachner, 1867，为Ranoidea Tschudi, 1838的异名
雨滨蛙属 Litoria Tschudi, 1838^[1]
Nyctimystes

叶泡蛙亚科（Phyllomedusinae） (Leaf frogs)[编辑]

红眼蛙属 Agalychnis
克雨蛙属 Cruziohyla
森雨蛙属 Hylomantis Peters, 1873
叶蛙属 Pachymedusa
灰树蛙属 Phasmahyla
趣叶蛙属 Phrynomedusa
叶泡蛙属 Phyllomedusa

扩角蛙亚科（Hemiphractinae）[编辑]

Cryptobatrachus
碟背蛙属 Flectonotus
囊蛙属 Gastrotheca
扩角蛙属 Hemiphractus
斯蒂芬尼亚蛙属 Stefania

雨蛙亚科（Hylinae）[编辑]

蝗蛙属 Acris
Anotheca
Aparasphenodon
Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920
- Aparasphenodon arapapa Pimenta, Napoli & Haddad, 2009
- Aparasphenodon bokermanni Pombal, 1993
- Aparasphenodon brunoi Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920
- Aparasphenodon pomba Assis, Santana, Silva, Quintela & Feio, 2013^[2]
- Aparasphenodon venezolanus (Mertens, 1950)
阿普拉雨蛙属 Aplastodiscus
Argenteohyla
Bokermannohyla
Bromeliohyla
查拉雨蛙属 Charadrahyla Faivovich, Haddad, Garcia, Frost, Campbell & Wheeler, 2005
科里雨蛙属 Corythomantis
Boulenger, 1896
- Corythomantis botoque Marques, Haddad & Garda, 2021
- Corythomantis galeata Pombal, Menezes, Fontes, Nunes, Rocha & Van Sluys, 2012
- Corythomantis greeningi Boulenger, 1896
丹杰雨蛙属 Dendropsophus
Duellmanohyla
纹肢雨蛙属 Ecnomiohyla Faivovich, Haddad, Garcia, Frost, Campbell & Wheeler, 2005
Exerodonta
雨蛙属 Hyla Laurenti, 1768^[3]
森跃蛙属 Hyloscirtus Peters, 1882
Hypsiboas
Wagler, 1830
- Hypsiboas diabolicus^[4]
- Hypsiboas geographicus Fouquet et al., 2007 ^[4]
Isthmohyla
Faivovich, Haddad, Garcia, Frost, Campbell & Wheeler, 2005
- Isthmohyla angustilineata (Taylor, 1952)
- Isthmohyla calypsa (Lips, 1996)
- Isthmohyla debilis (Taylor, 1952)
- Isthmohyla graceae (Myers & Duellman, 1982)
- Isthmohyla infucata (Duellman, 1968)
- Isthmohyla insolita (McCranie, Wilson & Williams, 1993)
- Isthmohyla lancasteri (Barbour, 1928)
- Isthmohyla picadoi (Dunn, 1937)
- Isthmohyla pictipes (Cope, 1875)
- Isthmohyla pseudopuma (Günther, 1901)
- Isthmohyla rivularis (Taylor, 1952)
- Isthmohyla tica (Starrett, 1966)
- Isthmohyla xanthosticta (Duellman, 1968)
- Isthmohyla zeteki (Gaige, 1929)
Itapotihyla
Lysapsus
Megastomatohyla
Myersiohyla
夜蛙属 Nyctimantis
首蛙属 Osteocephalus
Osteopilus
叶雨蛙属 Phyllodytes
Plectrohyla
拟蝗蛙属 Pseudacris
多指节蟾属 Pseudis
Ptychohyla Taylor, 1944
Scarthyla
Scinax
Wagler, 1830
- Scinax acuminatus (Cope, 1862)
- Scinax albertinae Ferrão, Moravec, Ferreira, Moraes & Hanken, 2022
- Scinax altae (Dunn, 1933)
- Scinax alter (Lutz, 1973)
- Scinax auratus (Wied-Neuwied, 1821)
- Scinax baumgardneri (Rivero, 1961)
- Scinax blairi (Fouquette & Pyburn, 1972)
- Scinax boesemani (Goin, 1966)
- Scinax boulengeri (Cope, 1887)
- Scinax cabralensis Drummond, Baêta & Pires, 2007
- Scinax caldarum (Lutz, 1968)
- Scinax camposseabrai (Bokermann, 1968)
- Scinax caprarius Acosta-Galvis, 2018
- Scinax cardosoi (Carvalho-e-Silva & Peixoto, 1991)
- Scinax castroviejoi De la Riva, 1993
- Scinax chiquitanus (De la Riva, 1990)
- Scinax constrictus Lima, Bastos & Giaretta, 2005
- Scinax cretatus Nunes & Pombal, 2011
- Scinax crospedospilus (Lutz, 1925)
- Scinax cruentomma (Duellman, 1972)
- Scinax curicica Pugliese, Pombal & Sazima, 2004
- Scinax cuspidatus (Lutz, 1925)
- Scinax danae (Duellman, 1986)
- Scinax dolloi (Werner, 1903)
- Scinax duartei (Lutz, 1951)
- Scinax elaeochroa (Cope, 1875)
- Scinax eurydice (Bokermann, 1968)
- Scinax exiguus (Duellman, 1986)
- Scinax fontanarrosai Baldo, Araujo-Vieira, Cardozo, Borteiro, Leal, Pereyra, Kolenc, Lyra, Garcia, Haddad & Faivovich, 2019
- Scinax funereus (Cope, 1874)
- Scinax fuscomarginatus (Lutz, 1925)
- Scinax fuscovarius (Lutz, 1925)
- Scinax garbei (Miranda-Ribeiro, 1926)
- Scinax granulatus (Gallardo, 1961)
- Scinax granulatus (Peters, 1871)
- Scinax haddadorum Araujo-Vieira, Valdujo & Faivovich, 2016
- Scinax hayii (Barbour, 1909)
- Scinax ictericus Duellman & Wiens, 1993
- Scinax imbegue Nunes, Kwet & Pombal, 2012
- Scinax iquitorum Moravec, Tuanama, Pérez-Peña & Lehr, 2009
- Scinax jolyi Lescure & Marty, 2000
- Scinax juncae Nunes & Pombal, 2010
- Scinax juruenaFerrão, Hanken, Oda, Campião, Penhacek, Anjos & Rodrigues. 2024^[5]
- Scinax karenanneae (Pyburn, 1993)
- Scinax kennedyi (Pyburn, 1973)
- Scinax lindsayi Pyburn, 1992
- Scinax madeirae (Bokermann, 1964)
- Scinax manriquei Barrio-Amorós, Orellana & Chacón-Ortiz, 2004
- Scinax maracaya (Cardoso & Sazima, 1980)
- Scinax montivagus Juncá, Napoli, Nunes, Mercês & Abreu, 2015
- Scinax nasicus (Cope, 1862)
- Scinax nebulosus (Spix, 1824)
- Scinax onca Ferrão, Moravec, Fraga, Pinheiro de Almeida, Kaefer & Lima, 2017
- Scinax oreites Duellman & Wiens, 1993
- Scinax pachycrus (Miranda-Ribeiro, 1937)
- Scinax pedromedinae (Henle, 1991)
- Scinax perereca Pombal, Haddad & Kasahara, 1995
- Scinax pixinguinha Lacerda, Ferreira, Araujo-Vieira, Zocca & Lourenço, 2021
- Scinax proboscideus (Brongersma, 1933)
- Scinax pyroinguinis Chávez, Aznaran, García-Ayachi & Catenazzi, 2023
- Scinax quinquefasciatus (Fowler, 1913)
- Scinax rogerioi Pugliese, Baêta & Pombal, 2009
- Scinax rossaferesae Conte, Araujo-Vieira, Crivellari & Berneck, 2016
- Scinax rostratus (Peters, 1863)
- Scinax ruber (Laurenti, 1768)
- Scinax ruberoculatus Ferrão, Fraga, Moravec, Kaefer & Lima, 2018
- Scinax rupestris Araujo-Vieira, Brandão & Faria, 2015
- Scinax sateremawe Sturaro & Peloso, 2014
- Scinax similis (Cochran, 1952)
- Scinax squalirostris (Lutz, 1925)
- Scinax staufferi (Cope, 1865)
- Scinax strussmannae Ferrão, Moravec, Kaefer, Fraga & Lima, 2018
- Scinax sugillatus (Duellman, 1973)
- Scinax tigrinus Nunes, Carvalho & Pereira, 2010
- Scinax tropicalia Novaes-E-Fagundes, Araujo-Vieira, Entiauspe-Neto, Roberto, Orrico, Solé, Haddad & Loebmann, 2021
- Scinax tsachila Ron, Duellman, Caminer & Pazmiño, 2018
- Scinax tymbamirim Nunes, Kwet & Pombal, 2012
- Scinax villasboasi Brusquetti, Jansen, Barrio-Amorós, Segalla & Haddad, 2014
- Scinax wandae (Pyburn & Fouquette, 1971)
- Scinax x-signatus (Spix, 1824)
Smilisca
Sphaenorhynchus
Tschudi, 1838
- Sphaenorhynchus botocudo Caramaschi, Almeida & Gasparini, 2009
- Sphaenorhynchus bromelicola Bokermann, 1966
- Sphaenorhynchus cammaeus Roberto, Araujo-Vieira, Carvalho-e-Silva & Ávila, 2017
- Sphaenorhynchus canga Araujo-Vieira, Lacerda, Pezzuti, Leite, Assis & Cruz, 2015
- Sphaenorhynchus caramaschii Toledo, Garcia, Lingnau & Haddad, 2007
- Sphaenorhynchus carneus (Cope, 1868)
- Sphaenorhynchus dorisae (Goin, 1957)
- Sphaenorhynchus lacteus (Daudin, 1800)
- Sphaenorhynchus mirim Caramaschi, Almeida & Gasparini, 2009
- Sphaenorhynchus palustris Bokermann, 1966
- Sphaenorhynchus pauloalvini Bokermann, 1973
- Sphaenorhynchus planicola (Lutz & Lutz, 1938)
- Sphaenorhynchus platycephalus (Werner, 1894)
- Sphaenorhynchus prasinus Bokermann, 1973
- Sphaenorhynchus surdus (Cochran, 1953)
Tepuihyla
Ayarzagüena, Señaris & Gorzula, 1993
- Tepuihyla aecii (Ayarzagüena, Señaris & Gorzula, 1993)
- Tepuihyla edelcae (Ayarzagüena, Señaris & Gorzula, 1993)
- Tepuihyla exophthalma (Smith & Noonan, 2001)
- Tepuihyla luteolabris (Ayarzagüena, Señaris & Gorzula, 1993)
- Tepuihyla obscura Kok, Ratz, Tegelaar, Aubret & Means, 2015
- Tepuihyla rodriguezi (Rivero, 1968)
- Tepuihyla shushupe Ron, Venegas, Ortega-Andrade, Gagliardi-Urrutia & Salerno, 2016^[6]
- Tepuihyla tuberculosa (Boulenger, 1882)^[6]
- Tepuihyla warreni (Duellman & Hoogmoed, 1992)
Tlalocohyla
Faivovich, Haddad, Garcia, Frost, Campbell & Wheeler, 2005
- Tlalocohyla celeste Varela-Soto, Abarca, Brenes-Mora, Aspinall, Leenders & Shepack, 2022
- Tlalocohyla godmani (Günther, 1901)
- Tlalocohyla loquax (Gaige & Stuart, 1934)
- Tlalocohyla picta (Günther, 1901)
- Tlalocohyla smithii (Boulenger, 1902)
Trachycephalus
Triprion
Xenohyla

参考[编辑]

This article incorporates text from the Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921).

^ Tschudi, J. J. (1838). Classification der Batrachier, mit Berücksichtigung der fossilen Thiere dieser Abtheilung der Reptilien. Mémoires de la Société des Sciences Naturelles de Neuchâtel. 2:1-100.
^ Assis, Clodoaldo L. DE, Diego J. Santana, Fabiano A. D. Silva, Fernando M. Quintela and Renato N. Feio. 2013. A New and Possibly Critically Endangered Species of Casque-headed Tree Frog Aparasphenodon Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920 (Anura, Hylidae) from southeastern Brazil. Zootaxa. 3716(4); 583-591. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3716.4.6
^ Laurenti, J. N. (1768). Specimen medicum, exhibens synopsin reptilium emendatam cum experimentis circa venena et antidota reptilium austracorum, quod authoritate et consensu. Vienna, Joan. Thomae. 217 pp.
^ ^4.0 ^4.1 Antoine Fouquet, Quentin Martinez, Lauren Zeidler, Elodie Courtois, P. Gaucher, Michel Blanc, Jucivaldo Dias Lima, Sergio Marques Souza, Miguel Trefaut Rodrigues and Philippe J. R. Kok. 2016. Cryptic Diversity in the Hypsiboas semilineatus species group (Amphibia, Anura) with the Description of A New Species from the eastern Guiana Shield. ZOOTAXA. 4084(1):79-104. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4084.1.3
^ Miquéias Ferrão, James Hanken, Fabrício H. Oda, Karla M. Campião, Marcos Penhacek, Samuel Anjos and Domingo J. Rodrigues. 2024. A New snouted Treefrog (Anura, Hylidae, Scinax) from fluvial Islands of the Juruena River, southern Brazilian Amazonia. PLoS ONE. 19(1): e0292441. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292441
^ ^6.0 ^6.1 Santiago R. Ron, Pablo J. Venegas, H. Mauricio Ortega-Andrade, Giussepe Gagliardi-Urrutia and Patricia E. Salerno. 2016. Systematics of Ecnomiohyla tuberculosa with the Description of A New Species and Comments on the Taxonomy of Trachycephalus typhonius (Anura, Hylidae). ZooKeys. 630: 115-154. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.630.9298

外部链接[编辑]

[1] Tschudi, J. J. (1838). Classification der Batrachier, mit Berücksichtigung der fossilen Thiere dieser Abtheilung der Reptilien. Mémoires de la Société des Sciences Naturelles de Neuchâtel. 2:1-100.

[2] Assis, Clodoaldo L. DE, Diego J. Santana, Fabiano A. D. Silva, Fernando M. Quintela and Renato N. Feio. 2013. A New and Possibly Critically Endangered Species of Casque-headed Tree Frog Aparasphenodon Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920 (Anura, Hylidae) from southeastern Brazil. Zootaxa. 3716(4); 583-591. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3716.4.6

[3] Laurenti, J. N. (1768). Specimen medicum, exhibens synopsin reptilium emendatam cum experimentis circa venena et antidota reptilium austracorum, quod authoritate et consensu. Vienna, Joan. Thomae. 217 pp.

[Fouquet-4] 4.0 ^4.1 Antoine Fouquet, Quentin Martinez, Lauren Zeidler, Elodie Courtois, P. Gaucher, Michel Blanc, Jucivaldo Dias Lima, Sergio Marques Souza, Miguel Trefaut Rodrigues and Philippe J. R. Kok. 2016. Cryptic Diversity in the Hypsiboas semilineatus species group (Amphibia, Anura) with the Description of A New Species from the eastern Guiana Shield. ZOOTAXA. 4084(1):79-104. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4084.1.3

[5] Miquéias Ferrão, James Hanken, Fabrício H. Oda, Karla M. Campião, Marcos Penhacek, Samuel Anjos and Domingo J. Rodrigues. 2024. A New snouted Treefrog (Anura, Hylidae, Scinax) from fluvial Islands of the Juruena River, southern Brazilian Amazonia. PLoS ONE. 19(1): e0292441. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292441

[Ron-6] 6.0 ^6.1 Santiago R. Ron, Pablo J. Venegas, H. Mauricio Ortega-Andrade, Giussepe Gagliardi-Urrutia and Patricia E. Salerno. 2016. Systematics of Ecnomiohyla tuberculosa with the Description of A New Species and Comments on the Taxonomy of Trachycephalus typhonius (Anura, Hylidae). ZooKeys. 630: 115-154. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.630.9298

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