NGC 1851

NGC 1851
	NGC 1851的紫外线影像。
观测数据(J2000 历元)
分类	II
星座	天鸽座
赤经	05h 14m 06.76s
赤纬	–40° 02′ 47.6″
距离	39.5 kly（12.1 kpc）
视星等 (V)	7.3
视直径(V)	11′
物理性质
Mass	5.51×105 M☉
金属量	−1.27 dex
估计年龄	9.2 Gyr（英语：Billion years）
其它名称	GCl 9、ESO 305-SC 016、 Caldwell 73、Melotte 30
	参见：球状星团，球状星团表

NGC 1851（也称为Caldwell 73）^[9]位于天鸽座的南部，是一个相对巨大的^[3]球状星团。天文学家詹姆士·敦洛普描述它不是非常明亮，但非常大，圆形，分辨率很好，明显由恒星组成^[4]。它距离太阳 39.5千光年，距离银河中心 54.1千光年^[3]。星团沿着一个高度偏心的轨道穿过银河系，其离心率约为0.7^[10]。

这个物体在夏普力-索耶集中度分类法中属于II^[1]，显示恒星密集的向中心集中。它是已知的银河球状星团中密度最高的星团之一^[3]。恒星成分显示了两个独立的次巨星群体，较亮的分支更集中在星团的外部区域^[10]。估计NGC 1851的年龄约为92亿年^[6]，质量为太阳的551,000倍^[5]。

星团周围是一个漫射的恒星晕，向外延伸到{}{Val | 240 | u=pc}或更大的半径。这一特征，如果再加上缺乏潮汐尾或相关的星流，表明星团可能是一个剥离的矮星系核，类似于被银河系吸积半人马座ω^[3]；但是潮汐尾仍然存在^[11]。该星团也可能是两个独立星团合并的结果，但它们需要具有相同的金属丰度（天文学家所谓称氢和氦之外的元素丰度）。这一事实使得这种情况不太可能发生^[10]。

PSR J0514-4002A是NGC 1851中的毫秒脉冲星，它正围绕着一颗可能也是中子星的大质量天体运行。这一对的轨道周期为18.8日，离心率为0.89^[12]。在星团中已经发现了43颗天琴座RR型变星，这表明这是一个Oosterhoff I型星团，但其性质与II型相似。已经观察到两种水平分支星的种群，其年龄相差约20亿年^[13]。对红巨星分支成员恒星的光谱分析表明，星团中实际上有三种不同的恒星群^[14]。

参考资料[编辑]

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 Shapley, Harlow; Sawyer, Helen B., A Classification of Globular Clusters, Harvard College Observatory Bulletin, August 1927, 849 (849): 11–14, Bibcode:1927BHarO.849...11S.
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 Goldsbury, Ryan; et al, The ACS Survey of Galactic Globular Clusters. X. New Determinations of Centers for 65 Clusters, The Astronomical Journal, December 2010, 140 (6): 1830–1837, Bibcode:2010AJ....140.1830G, arXiv:1008.2755 , doi:10.1088/0004-6256/140/6/1830.
^ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 ^3.3 ^3.4 ^3.5 Kuzma, P. B.; et al, The outer envelopes of globular clusters. II. NGC 1851, NGC 5824 and NGC 1261*, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, January 2018, 473 (3): 2881–2898, Bibcode:2018MNRAS.473.2881K, arXiv:1709.02915 , doi:10.1093/mnras/stx2353.
^ ^4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 SEDS NGC Catalog Online. Results for NGC 1851. [2011-01-09]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-27）.
^ ^5.0 ^5.1 Boyles, J.; et al, Young Radio Pulsars in Galactic Globular Clusters, The Astrophysical Journal, November 2011, 742 (1): 51, Bibcode:2011ApJ...742...51B, arXiv:1108.4402 , doi:10.1088/0004-637X/742/1/51.
^ ^6.0 ^6.1 Koleva, M.; et al, Spectroscopic ages and metallicities of stellar populations: validation of full spectrum fitting, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, April 2008, 385 (4): 1998–2010, Bibcode:2008MNRAS.385.1998K, arXiv:0801.0871 , doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.12908.x.
^ NGC 1851. SIMBAD. 斯特拉斯堡天文资料中心.
^ NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database. Results for NGC 1851. [2011-01-09]. （原始内容存档于2019-08-15）.
^ O'Meara, Stephen James, Deep-Sky Companions: The Caldwell Objects, Cambridge University Press: 344, 2016, ISBN 9781107083974.
^ ^10.0 ^10.1 ^10.2 Carballo-Bello, Julio A.; et al, Tails and streams around the Galactic globular clusters NGC 1851, NGC 1904, NGC 2298 and NGC 2808, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, February 2018, 474 (1): 683–695, Bibcode:2018MNRAS.474..683C, arXiv:1710.08927 , doi:10.1093/mnras/stx2767.
^ Tails and streams around the Galactic globular clusters NGC 1851, NGC 1904, NGC 2298 and NGC 2808, 2017, arXiv:1710.08927 
^ Ridolfi, A.; et al, Upgraded Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope timing of NGC 1851A: a possible millisecond pulsar - neutron star system, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, December 2019, 490 (3): 3860–3874, Bibcode:2019MNRAS.490.3860R, arXiv:1909.06163 , doi:10.1093/mnras/stz2645.
^ Subramaniam, Annapurni; et al, The Horizontal Branch Population of NGC 1851 as Revealed by the Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (UVIT), The Astronomical Journal, December 2017, 154 (6), Bibcode:2017AJ....154..233S, arXiv:1710.03730 , doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa94c3, 233.
^ Lim, Dongwook; et al, Low-resolution Spectroscopy for the Globular Clusters with Signs of Supernova Enrichment: M22, NGC 1851, and NGC 288, The Astrophysical Journal Supplement, January 2015, 216 (1): 13, Bibcode:2015ApJS..216...19L, arXiv:1412.1832 , doi:10.1088/0067-0049/216/1/19, 19.

外部链接[编辑]

维基共享资源上的相关多媒体资源：NGC 1851
Galex image of NGC 1851 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
WikiSky上关于NGC 1851的内容：DSS2, SDSS, GALEX, IRAS, 氢α, X射线, 天文照片, 天图, 文章和图片
The globular cluster C 73 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
SEDS Milky Way Globular Clusters. Results for NGC 1851. [2011-01-09]. （原始内容存档于2021-05-14）.

天球赤道座标： 5^h 14^m 6.7^s，−40° 2′ 48″

天文学目录
NGC天体表：	NGC 1849 - NGC 1850 - NGC 1851 - NGC 1852 - NGC 1853
科德韦尔深空天体表：	C71 - C72 - C73 - C74 - C75

[hcob849_11-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Shapley, Harlow; Sawyer, Helen B., A Classification of Globular Clusters, Harvard College Observatory Bulletin, August 1927, 849 (849): 11–14, Bibcode:1927BHarO.849...11S.

[aj140_6_1830-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Goldsbury, Ryan; et al, The ACS Survey of Galactic Globular Clusters. X. New Determinations of Centers for 65 Clusters, The Astronomical Journal, December 2010, 140 (6): 1830–1837, Bibcode:2010AJ....140.1830G, arXiv:1008.2755 , doi:10.1088/0004-6256/140/6/1830.

[Kuzma2018-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 ^3.3 ^3.4 ^3.5 Kuzma, P. B.; et al, The outer envelopes of globular clusters. II. NGC 1851, NGC 5824 and NGC 1261*, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, January 2018, 473 (3): 2881–2898, Bibcode:2018MNRAS.473.2881K, arXiv:1709.02915 , doi:10.1093/mnras/stx2353.

[seds-4] 4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 SEDS NGC Catalog Online. Results for NGC 1851. [2011-01-09]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-27）.

[apj742_1_51-5] 5.0 ^5.1 Boyles, J.; et al, Young Radio Pulsars in Galactic Globular Clusters, The Astrophysical Journal, November 2011, 742 (1): 51, Bibcode:2011ApJ...742...51B, arXiv:1108.4402 , doi:10.1088/0004-637X/742/1/51.

[mnras385_4_1998-6] 6.0 ^6.1 Koleva, M.; et al, Spectroscopic ages and metallicities of stellar populations: validation of full spectrum fitting, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, April 2008, 385 (4): 1998–2010, Bibcode:2008MNRAS.385.1998K, arXiv:0801.0871 , doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.12908.x.

[SIMBAD-7] NGC 1851. SIMBAD. 斯特拉斯堡天文资料中心.

[ned-8] NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database. Results for NGC 1851. [2011-01-09]. （原始内容存档于2019-08-15）.

[O'Meara2016-9] O'Meara, Stephen James, Deep-Sky Companions: The Caldwell Objects, Cambridge University Press: 344, 2016, ISBN 9781107083974.

[CarballoBello2018-10] 10.0 ^10.1 ^10.2 Carballo-Bello, Julio A.; et al, Tails and streams around the Galactic globular clusters NGC 1851, NGC 1904, NGC 2298 and NGC 2808, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, February 2018, 474 (1): 683–695, Bibcode:2018MNRAS.474..683C, arXiv:1710.08927 , doi:10.1093/mnras/stx2767.

[11] Tails and streams around the Galactic globular clusters NGC 1851, NGC 1904, NGC 2298 and NGC 2808, 2017, arXiv:1710.08927 

[Ridolfi2019-12] Ridolfi, A.; et al, Upgraded Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope timing of NGC 1851A: a possible millisecond pulsar - neutron star system, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, December 2019, 490 (3): 3860–3874, Bibcode:2019MNRAS.490.3860R, arXiv:1909.06163 , doi:10.1093/mnras/stz2645.

[Subramaniam2017-13] Subramaniam, Annapurni; et al, The Horizontal Branch Population of NGC 1851 as Revealed by the Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (UVIT), The Astronomical Journal, December 2017, 154 (6), Bibcode:2017AJ....154..233S, arXiv:1710.03730 , doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa94c3, 233.

[Lim2015-14] Lim, Dongwook; et al, Low-resolution Spectroscopy for the Globular Clusters with Signs of Supernova Enrichment: M22, NGC 1851, and NGC 288, The Astrophysical Journal Supplement, January 2015, 216 (1): 13, Bibcode:2015ApJS..216...19L, arXiv:1412.1832 , doi:10.1088/0067-0049/216/1/19, 19.

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