孟加拉國人民聯盟

孟加拉國人民聯盟
孟加拉國人民聯盟; বাংলাদেশ আওয়ামী লীগ; Bangladesh Awami League
	孟加拉國人民聯盟標誌
領袖	謝赫·哈西娜
創始人	謝赫·穆吉布·拉赫曼
成立	1949年6月23日
總部	Bongobondhu Avenue, Dhaka
意識形態	社會主義（名義上）; 世俗主義（有爭議）; 孟加拉民族主義（英語：Bengali nationalism）; 社會民主主義; 社會自由主義; 保守自由主義; 經濟自由主義; 新自由主義歷史上：民主社會主義; 反帝國主義; 反封建主義;
政治立場	大帳篷; 歷史上：; 左翼
國內組織	大聯盟
官方色彩	綠色
國民議會	301 / 350
黨旗
官方網站
	人民聯盟
	孟加拉國政治; 政黨 · 選舉 ^ a: 被各種消息來源描述為; 中間偏左、中間派、右翼

孟加拉國人民聯盟（孟加拉語：বাংলাদেশ আওয়ামী লীগ，羅馬化：Bānglādēsh Awām Līg），孟加拉國的主要政黨之一，該黨理念偏向世俗主義，自2008年起至今，為孟加拉執政黨^[22]^[23]。該黨由孟加拉已故總統、國父謝赫·穆吉布·拉赫曼創立，贏得孟加拉獨立後第一次大選，然於其政權於1975年被軍事政變推翻，多名該政黨的領袖被刺殺或流亡國外，直到1990年代孟加拉民主改革後，孟加拉國人民聯盟方重返孟加拉政壇。

孟加拉國人民聯盟於1971年－1975年，1996年－2001年，2009年至今執政。現任黨領袖為拉赫曼長女謝赫·哈西娜。^[24]

參考資料[編輯]

^ Four principles of Bangladesh: In quest of Socialism. 2021-05-11 [2021-07-20]. （原始內容存檔於2021-10-08）.
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Jahan, Rounaq. Political Parties in Bangladesh (PDF). www.cmi.no. 2014-08-01 [2022-06-10]. （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2022-03-08）. The Awami League which led the struggle for national liberation, self-describes itself as the 『proliberation force’ in Bangladesh politics committed to promoting secular and social democratic values associated with the nation’s foundational principles: nationalism, democracy, secularism and socialism.
^ ^3.0 ^3.1 Anuradha Sen. Bangladesh: ruling class holds Golden Jubilee celebrations while thousands perish. In Defence of Marxism. 2021-04-16 [2023-09-16]. （原始內容存檔於2023-05-29）（英語）.
^ Therborn, G., and Khondker, H. H. (eds) (2006). Index. In Asia and Europe in Globalization, Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill. Available From: Brill doi:10.1163/9789047410812_016 [Accessed 06 June 2022]
^ Khan, Zillur R. 「Islam and Bengali Nationalism.」 Asian Survey, vol. 25, no. 8, 1985, pp. 834–51. JSTOR, doi:10.2307/2644113. Accessed 6 Jun. 2022.
^ ^[2]^[4]^[5]
^ 存档副本. [2009-10-22]. （原始內容存檔於2009-03-15）.
^ Kumar, Anand. 「The Opposition in Bangladesh: Would Need to Reinvent Its Politics.」 Indian Foreign Affairs Journal 13, no. 4 (2018): 284–91. JSTOR 48636675.
^ Rashiduzzaman, M. 「The Liberals and the Religious Right in Bangladesh.」 Asian Survey 34, no. 11 (1994): 974–90. doi:10.2307/2645348.
^ ^[8]^[9]^[2]
^ ^11.0 ^11.1 TAHMINA RAHMAN. From Revolutionaries to Visionless Parties: Leftist Politics in Bangladesh. 卡內基國際和平基金會. 2022-09-06 [2023-09-17]. （原始內容存檔於2023-05-02）（英語）. Some experts claim that since the Awami League (AL) came to power in 2014, it has enacted policies that undermine freedom of expression, minority rights, and women’s empowerment, contributing to democratic backsliding and an overall rightward shift in the country.
^ ^12.0 ^12.1 Neoliberalism, Policy Reforms and Higher Education in Bangladesh. 2013 （英語）.
^ ^13.0 ^13.1 孟加拉国概况. 中華人民共和國外交部. [2023-09-16]. （原始內容存檔於2023-04-11）（中文）. 1992年9月人盟全國理事會修改了黨章，放棄公有制原則，實行市場經濟，引進自由競爭機制；實行不結盟外交政策，主張同一切國家建立友好關係。
^ ^[12]^[13]
^ ^[12]^[13]
^ Mitra, Subrata Kumar; Enskat, Mike; Spiess, Clemens. Political Parties in South Asia. Greenwood Publishing Group. 2004-01-01: 225. ISBN 9780275968328 （英語）.
^ Bangladesh election: Voters prepare to go to polls amid 'atmosphere of fear' for opposition activists. The Independent. 2018-12-23 [2019-09-12]. （原始內容存檔於2020-12-28）. Politics in Bangladesh has been dominated for years by the rivalry between Ms Hasina’s centre-left, socially and economically liberal Awami League and the more right-wing BNP with Begum Zia at its helm.
^ Nazneen, Sohela. Bangladeshr Political Party Discourses and Women's Empowerment. South Asian Journal. March 2009, (24): 44–52 [2023-09-16]. ISSN 1729-6242. （原始內容存檔於2020-12-28）.
^ Bangladesh: Political Trends and Key Players (PDF). Observer Research Foundation. [2023-09-16]. （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2020-12-28）.
^ ^[18]^[19]
^ ^[3]^[11]
^ BSS-13 AL's new office building to be inaugurated tomorrow. Bangladesh Sangbad Sangstha. [2019-01-13]. （原始內容存檔於2020-12-28）.
^ The ruling Bangladesh Awami League (AL) party Invited for Poll Talks. 2018-10-31 [2021-12-31]. （原始內容存檔於2019-04-30）.
^ বগুড়ায় আওয়ামী মৎস্যজীবী লীগের কমিটি গঠন. Joy Jugantor. 2020-10-11 [2020-10-11]. （原始內容存檔於2020-12-28）（孟加拉語）.

外部連結[編輯]

這是一篇與孟加拉國相關的小作品。你可以透過編輯或修訂擴充其內容。

這是一篇與政黨相關的小作品。你可以透過編輯或修訂擴充其內容。

[1] Four principles of Bangladesh: In quest of Socialism. 2021-05-11 [2021-07-20]. （原始內容存檔於2021-10-08）.

[Political_Parties_in_Bangladesh-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Jahan, Rounaq. Political Parties in Bangladesh (PDF). www.cmi.no. 2014-08-01 [2022-06-10]. （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2022-03-08）. The Awami League which led the struggle for national liberation, self-describes itself as the 『proliberation force’ in Bangladesh politics committed to promoting secular and social democratic values associated with the nation’s foundational principles: nationalism, democracy, secularism and socialism.

[:0-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Anuradha Sen. Bangladesh: ruling class holds Golden Jubilee celebrations while thousands perish. In Defence of Marxism. 2021-04-16 [2023-09-16]. （原始內容存檔於2023-05-29）（英語）.

[4] Therborn, G., and Khondker, H. H. (eds) (2006). Index. In Asia and Europe in Globalization, Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill. Available From: Brill doi:10.1163/9789047410812_016 [Accessed 06 June 2022]

[5] Khan, Zillur R. 「Islam and Bengali Nationalism.」 Asian Survey, vol. 25, no. 8, 1985, pp. 834–51. JSTOR, doi:10.2307/2644113. Accessed 6 Jun. 2022.

[6] [2]^[4]^[5]

[7] 存档副本. [2009-10-22]. （原始內容存檔於2009-03-15）.

[8] Kumar, Anand. 「The Opposition in Bangladesh: Would Need to Reinvent Its Politics.」 Indian Foreign Affairs Journal 13, no. 4 (2018): 284–91. JSTOR 48636675.

[9] Rashiduzzaman, M. 「The Liberals and the Religious Right in Bangladesh.」 Asian Survey 34, no. 11 (1994): 974–90. doi:10.2307/2645348.

[10] [8]^[9]^[2]

[:3-11] 11.0 ^11.1 TAHMINA RAHMAN. From Revolutionaries to Visionless Parties: Leftist Politics in Bangladesh. 卡內基國際和平基金會. 2022-09-06 [2023-09-17]. （原始內容存檔於2023-05-02）（英語）. Some experts claim that since the Awami League (AL) came to power in 2014, it has enacted policies that undermine freedom of expression, minority rights, and women’s empowerment, contributing to democratic backsliding and an overall rightward shift in the country.

[:1-12] 12.0 ^12.1 Neoliberalism, Policy Reforms and Higher Education in Bangladesh. 2013 （英語）.

[:2-13] 13.0 ^13.1 孟加拉国概况. 中華人民共和國外交部. [2023-09-16]. （原始內容存檔於2023-04-11）（中文）. 1992年9月人盟全國理事會修改了黨章，放棄公有制原則，實行市場經濟，引進自由競爭機制；實行不結盟外交政策，主張同一切國家建立友好關係。

[14] [12]^[13]

[15] [12]^[13]

[16] Mitra, Subrata Kumar; Enskat, Mike; Spiess, Clemens. Political Parties in South Asia. Greenwood Publishing Group. 2004-01-01: 225. ISBN 9780275968328 （英語）.

[AL-17] Bangladesh election: Voters prepare to go to polls amid 'atmosphere of fear' for opposition activists. The Independent. 2018-12-23 [2019-09-12]. （原始內容存檔於2020-12-28）. Politics in Bangladesh has been dominated for years by the rivalry between Ms Hasina’s centre-left, socially and economically liberal Awami League and the more right-wing BNP with Begum Zia at its helm.

[researchgate-18] Nazneen, Sohela. Bangladeshr Political Party Discourses and Women's Empowerment. South Asian Journal. March 2009, (24): 44–52 [2023-09-16]. ISSN 1729-6242. （原始內容存檔於2020-12-28）.

[orfonline-19] Bangladesh: Political Trends and Key Players (PDF). Observer Research Foundation. [2023-09-16]. （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2020-12-28）.

[20] [18]^[19]

[21] [3]^[11]

[22] BSS-13 AL's new office building to be inaugurated tomorrow. Bangladesh Sangbad Sangstha. [2019-01-13]. （原始內容存檔於2020-12-28）.

[23] The ruling Bangladesh Awami League (AL) party Invited for Poll Talks. 2018-10-31 [2021-12-31]. （原始內容存檔於2019-04-30）.

[24] বগুড়ায় আওয়ামী মৎস্যজীবী লীগের কমিটি গঠন. Joy Jugantor. 2020-10-11 [2020-10-11]. （原始內容存檔於2020-12-28）（孟加拉語）.

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