西伯加蟲科

西伯加蟲科; Siboglinidae; 化石時期：189.6–0 Ma PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N
	巨型管蟲 Riftia pachyptila
科學分類
界：	動物界 Animalia
門：	環節動物門 Annelida
綱：	多毛綱 Polychaeta
亞綱：	隱居亞綱 Sedentaria
下綱：	管觸鬚下綱 Canalipalpata
目：	纓鰓蟲目 Sabellida
科：	西伯加蟲科 Siboglinidae; Caullery, 1914
屬
	見內文
異名
	無管蓋綱 Perviata Jones, 1981;

西伯加蟲科（學名：Siboglinidae）是動物界環節動物門多毛綱纓鰓蟲目之下的一個科^[3]。本科物種包括原來鬚腕動物門（Pogonophora）及前庭動物門（Vestimentifera）的所有物種^[4]^[5]合共約100個物種單體管棲蠕蟲狀動物，埋藏於100米到10公里水深的深海的沉積物中，但亦偶或見於淺海。

圓筒狀身體，一般分前體、中體和後體，各有體腔和體腔管；血液系統完整，背部腹部各有一條主血管，腹血管前有心臟和圍心腔，閉管循環系；雌雄異體，生殖腺位於後體。是所發現的惟一沒有嘴巴和消化管的非寄生性動物，鬚腕動物其下生出觸手一條或多條，觸手兩側多羽狀鬚，故名。觸手中空，體腔和血管通入其中，有呼吸、循環或攝取養料的功能。跟其他管觸鬚下綱的物種一樣，本科物種均沒有牙或下顎^[6]，但觸肢上的開槽和纖毛已經消失^[7]。表皮外有角質層，它的微觀結構和其他環節動物的一致。它們身體末端的鉤型剛毛用於固定身體。身體有兩體節，各擁有一對體腔。它們生活在10到20攝氏度水溫的海水中。與化能無機營養菌或甲基營養菌形成共生。

分類[編輯]

食骨蠕蟲屬 Osedax
繫帶類 Frenulata^[5]
- 布腕蟲屬 Birsteinia
- Bobmarleya^[8]
- 綠鬚蟲屬 Choanophorus
- 粗腕蟲屬 Crassibrachia
- 環腕蟲屬 Cyclobrachia
- 雙鰓蟲屬 Diplobrachia
- 嘎拉帖蟲屬 Galathealinum
- 七腕蟲屬 Heptobrachia
- 瓣形纓腕蟲屬 Lamellisabella
- 蠶鬚蟲屬 Nereilinum
- 寡腕蟲屬 Oligobrachia
- Paraescarpia^[9]
- 多腕蟲屬 Polybrachia
- 擬西伯加蟲屬 Siboglinoides
- 西伯加蟲屬 Siboglinum
- 管腕蟲屬 Siphonobrachia
- 旋腕蟲屬 Spirobrachia
- 單腕蟲屬 Unibrachium
- Volvobrachia^[10]
- 津氏蟲屬 Zenkevitchiana
硬鬚蟲屬 Sclerolinum^[5]
深海熱泉管蟲^[5]
- 阿萊亞蟲屬 Alaysia
- Arcovesia
- Escarpia
- 羽織蟲屬 Lamellibrachia
- Oasisia
- Ridgeia
- 巨型管蟲屬 Riftia
- Tevnia

參考文獻[編輯]

^ Perviata. WoRMS.
^ Jones, Meredith L. Riftia pachyptila, new genus, new species, the vestimentiferan worm from the Galápagos Rift geothermal vents (Pogonophora). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 1981, 93 (4): 1311 [2016-03-04]. （原始內容存檔於2021-02-18）.
^ Read, Geoffrey. Sabellida. WoRMS. 2010-03-03 [2016-03-05].
^ Shigeaki Kojima, Tetsuo Hashimoto, Masami Hasegawa, Shigenori Murata, Suguru Ohta, Humitake Seki and Norihiro Okada. Close phylogenetic relationship between vestimentifera (tube worms) and annelida revealed by the amino acid sequence of elongation factor-lα. Journal of Molecular Evolution. 1993-07, 37 (1): 66–70. PMID 8360920. doi:10.1007/BF00170463.
^ ^5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 ^5.3 Rouse, G.W. A cladistic analysis of Siboglinidae Caullery, 1914 (Polychaeta, Annelida): formerly the phyla Pogonophora and Vestimentifera. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 2001, 132 (1): 55–80. doi:10.1006/zjls.2000.0263.
^ Barnes, Robert D. Invertebrate Zoology 4th. Holt-Saunders. 1980. ISBN 4-8337-0001-8.
^ Ax, Peter. Multicellular Animals: The Phylogenetic System of the Metazoa 2. Springer-Verlag. 1996. ISBN 3-540-67406-3 （英語）.
^ Hilário, A.; Cunha, M. R. On some frenulate species (Annelida: Polychaeta: Siboglinidae) from mud volcanoes in the Gulf of Cadiz (NE Atlantic). Scientia Marina. 2008, 72 (2): 361–371. doi:10.3989/scimar.2008.72n2361.
^ Southward, E. C.; Schulze, A.; Tunnicliffe, V. Vestimentiferans (Pogonophora) in the Pacific and Indian Oceans: a new genus from Lihir Island (Papua New Guinea) and the Java Trench, with the first report of Arcovestia ivanovi from the North Fiji Basin. Journal of Natural History. 2002, 36 (10): 1179–1197. doi:10.1080/00222930110040402.
^ Smirnov, R. V. A redescription of Spirobrachia leospira Gureeva (Pogonophora), with the erection of a new genus and a revision of the Spirobrachiidae. Ophelia. 2000, 53 (2): 151–158. doi:10.1080/00785236.2000.10409445.

外部連結[編輯]

[WoRMS_853056-1] Perviata. WoRMS.

[2] Jones, Meredith L. Riftia pachyptila, new genus, new species, the vestimentiferan worm from the Galápagos Rift geothermal vents (Pogonophora). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 1981, 93 (4): 1311 [2016-03-04]. （原始內容存檔於2021-02-18）.

[WoRMS_901-3] Read, Geoffrey. Sabellida. WoRMS. 2010-03-03 [2016-03-05].

[4] Shigeaki Kojima, Tetsuo Hashimoto, Masami Hasegawa, Shigenori Murata, Suguru Ohta, Humitake Seki and Norihiro Okada. Close phylogenetic relationship between vestimentifera (tube worms) and annelida revealed by the amino acid sequence of elongation factor-lα. Journal of Molecular Evolution. 1993-07, 37 (1): 66–70. PMID 8360920. doi:10.1007/BF00170463.

[Rouse-5] 5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 ^5.3 Rouse, G.W. A cladistic analysis of Siboglinidae Caullery, 1914 (Polychaeta, Annelida): formerly the phyla Pogonophora and Vestimentifera. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 2001, 132 (1): 55–80. doi:10.1006/zjls.2000.0263.

[6] Barnes, Robert D. Invertebrate Zoology 4th. Holt-Saunders. 1980. ISBN 4-8337-0001-8.

[7] Ax, Peter. Multicellular Animals: The Phylogenetic System of the Metazoa 2. Springer-Verlag. 1996. ISBN 3-540-67406-3 （英語）.

[8] Hilário, A.; Cunha, M. R. On some frenulate species (Annelida: Polychaeta: Siboglinidae) from mud volcanoes in the Gulf of Cadiz (NE Atlantic). Scientia Marina. 2008, 72 (2): 361–371. doi:10.3989/scimar.2008.72n2361.

[9] Southward, E. C.; Schulze, A.; Tunnicliffe, V. Vestimentiferans (Pogonophora) in the Pacific and Indian Oceans: a new genus from Lihir Island (Papua New Guinea) and the Java Trench, with the first report of Arcovestia ivanovi from the North Fiji Basin. Journal of Natural History. 2002, 36 (10): 1179–1197. doi:10.1080/00222930110040402.

[10] Smirnov, R. V. A redescription of Spirobrachia leospira Gureeva (Pogonophora), with the erection of a new genus and a revision of the Spirobrachiidae. Ophelia. 2000, 53 (2): 151–158. doi:10.1080/00785236.2000.10409445.

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