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帮助:他加禄语国际音标

维基百科,自由的百科全书

下表显示了国际音标他加禄语及相关菲律宾语的发音的方式。有关在维基百科文章中添加IPA字符的指南,请参见{{IPA-tl}}和维基百科:格式手册/音标 § Notes

请参阅他加禄语语音英语Tagalog phonology,以更全面地了解他加禄语的发音。

辅音
IPA 举例 英语近似发音
ʔ buang [ˈbuʔaŋ], oo [oʔo] the catch in uh-oh
b bagay, Cavite best
d daw do
diyan; udyók joy
ɡ gatas gold
h hawak; Ecija; Geronimo; Sergio heat
j yupî you, boy
k Bulacan, keso, Quezon scan[1]
l talinò, tapal lamb
m madre mate
n nasipát, asín need
ŋ ngipin, hanggan wing, singer[2]
ɲ anyô, niya canyon
p piso span[1]
ɾ[3] marami, pader 北美英语英语North American English, 澳大利亚英语 water[4]
s sugat, Quezon skew
ʃ siya, kasya shine
t tamís stand[1]
ts kutsara cats[5]
tiyák; kutyà, kutsara chew
w lawak wait
区域和边缘辅音
f Filipino four[6]
ɣ sige 西班牙语 amigo
ʎ Llanes, silya million
r[3] Rajah, Salvador rolled r
ɹ[3] Walter, lider red
v[6] David vase
x yakap 苏格兰英语 loch
z husgado, isda zebra[7]
元音
IPA 举例 英语近似发音
a batok far[8]
ɐ tansô nut[9]
ɛ heto, Emong set[10]
e eh, mayroon, bakit GA hand[10][11]
ɪ iták, depende sit[12]
i sinat, ngipin see
ɔ[13] opo off
o yero, katotohanan soul[12]
ʊ ulól foot[12]
u putik; podér soon
双元音
tatay ice[14]
sayaw AmE out
Reyes pay
Mateo payoff
ɪʊ paksiw, sisiw kiwi, but shorter
langoy toy
[15] limot sole
边缘元音
ɚ sir, kompyuter 北美英语英语North American English her[16]
他加禄语发音中使用的其他符号
IPA 说明
ˈ 重音 (加在重读音节之前):
tayô [taˈjoʔ] “站立”, táyo [ˈtajo]“我们”
  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 /k/, /p/ and /t/ are never aspirated, unlike in English.
  2. ^ The ng cluster in Tagalog is treated as a singular phoneme, being a singular Baybayin character. The medial "ng" sound in other languages such as linger are spelled as the cluster "ngg". Outside the country, both spelling patterns are also observed in the Romanization of Korean.
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 The /r/ phoneme is generally an alveolar rhotic that varies freely between [ɾ] [r] and [ɹ], and it exists as a distinct phoneme mostly in loanwords.
  4. ^ For native words, /ɾ/ is normally a flapped form of /d/. The two phonemes were separated with the introduction of the Latin script during the Spanish era.
  5. ^ Some local speakers substituted /ts/ as // like tsinelas.
  6. ^ 6.0 6.1 /f/ and /v/ are usually pronounced by younger speakers, who tend to have English-leaning pronunciations. Others would replace for these phonemes with /p/ and /b/, respectively, in a fashion similar to fortition.
  7. ^ /z/ is sometimes an allophone of /s/ before voiced consonants like in Spanish.
  8. ^ /a/ is normally pronounced as a central vowel [ä]. However, the front variant [a] may also be used.
  9. ^ /a/ is relaxed to [ɐ] in unstressed positions and also occasionally in stressed positions in words such as (Inang Bayan [iˈnɐŋ ˈbɐjɐn]).
  10. ^ 10.0 10.1 [ɛ] usually exists in slow or formal speech and may become a mid [ɛ̝] or close mid [e] in normal speech.
  11. ^ [e, o] are allophones of /i, u/ in final syllables, but they are distinct phonemes in some native words and English and Spanish loanwords.
  12. ^ 12.0 12.1 12.2 [ɪ, ʊ] are allophones of /i, u/ and sometimes /e, o/ (the latter for English and Spanish loanwords) in unstressed initial and medial syllables. See Tagalog phonology#Vowels and semivowels.
  13. ^ An allophone of [o] used in stressed syllables or interjections.
  14. ^ Sometimes replaced by [eː] in casual speech.
  15. ^ Occurs mostly in Batangas dialect.
  16. ^ Occurs only in loanwords.