佛朗明哥歌唱：修订间差异

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2012年1月21日 (六) 17:57的版本

佛朗明哥歌唱是佛朗明哥三要素中的一種，另外兩種是吉他跟舞蹈。因為在佛朗明哥表演時，站在舞台前面跟中間的總是舞者，所以外國人總以為舞蹈是佛朗明哥最重要的要素，但事實上，歌唱才是佛朗明哥的靈魂。

歌唱的種類

深沈之歌

這類曲式的題材跟死亡、憤怒、絕望、或宗教情感有關，它們是不用吉他伴奏的無伴奏吟唱。主要曲式有 tona, martinetes, seguiriya, 孤調(soleá), 跟 carcelera. 深沈之歌是佛朗明哥的中心跟靈魂。

歌者吟唱seguiriyas時，在每句歌詞都留下了一點她的靈魂，不然她就是在欺騙聽眾，甚至是欺騙自己。如果存在著一種佛朗明哥曲式，歌手需要唱出自己每一分的全，那麼就是 siguiriya. 我曾經見過 José Menese 在唱完一首之後完全累垮，我相信歌手在此時已經達到吉普賽人所謂的 神魔(duende) 境界。而我還不知道那是甚麼，它們只存在那些無法重現的特殊時刻。
— Ángel Álvaro Caballero， Historia del Cante Flamenco

Seguiriya 的範例歌詞，用吉普賽語對照:

Template:Sample Siguiria in Calo, Spanish and English

一般歌曲

輕歌

包括了 歡愉調(alegrías), 喧戲調(bulerías) 跟 噹歌調(tangos)

有名歌手

Pastora Maria Pavon Cruz 藝名：髮髻女孩(La Nina De Los Peines)

1890 年於賽維亞出生，髮髻女孩被認為是最傑出且富有創造性的佛朗明哥女歌手。她對噹歌調(tangos)的表演最出名，並且通常被要求演唱 seguiriyas，當時並不常有女歌手演唱此種曲式。

Manuel Ortega Juarez 藝名： Manolo Caracol

Manolo Caracol came from an exalted Gypsy dynasty which to this day remains legendary in the arenas of both flamenco and bullfighting. Born in Seville in 1909, it is commonly believed that his ancestral lineage included both El Planete and El Fillo. Caracol won the prestigious first prize at the Cante Jondo Competition (in 1922) at the age of only 13. During the Spanish Civil War he worked in theaters to survive. Caracol claimed his style of singing was unique. He is remembered for his capacity to evoke overwhelming passions from his listeners. Caracol frequently performed with full orchestras or pianos (much to the harsh remarks made by the purists). Caracol died at the age of fifty-four in 1973 Madrid.

Jose Monje Cruz 藝名：島上的蝦子(Camaron de la Isla)

Camaron de la Isla was born in San Fernando in 1950, and was the second child of eight to a Gypsy blacksmith and a basketweaver. He received his nickname early on due to his light complexion and blond hair, and began performing at the age of eight. In 1969 he made his first album with Paco de Lucia. Although trained as a traditional flamenco singer, Camaron broke with convention, incorporating new musical instruments including the drums, zither, flute, moog, and keyboards to name a few. In his comparatively short career of 20 years, he and Paco de Lucia revolutionized the art of flamenco, attracting vast new audiences to the art form. Camaron met his untimely death at the age of forty-one, in Barcelona.

其他有名歌手

來源

ALVAREZ CABALLERO, Angel: Historia del Cante Flamenco, Alianza Editorial, Madrid, 1981.

GARCIA LORCA, Federico: In Search of Duende. Edition by Christopher Maurer. New Direction Books, New York, 1998.

TOTTEN, Robin: Song of the Outcast - An Introduction to Flamenco, Amadeus Press, Oregon, 2003.

其他

外部連結

英文連結

西班牙文連結

@@ 第20行： / 第20行： @@
 包括了 ''[[歡愉調|歡愉調(alegrías)]]'', ''[[喧戲調|喧戲調(bulerías)]]'' 跟 ''[[噹歌調|噹歌調(tangos)]]''
 == 有名歌手 ==
+===Pastora Maria Pavon Cruz 藝名：髮髻女孩(La Nina De Los Peines)===
+年於賽維亞出生， 髮髻女孩 被認為是最傑出且富有創造性的佛朗明哥女歌手。她對噹歌調(tangos)的表演最出名，並且通常被要求演唱 seguiriyas，當時並不常有女歌手演唱此種曲式。
+===Manuel Ortega Juarez  藝名：  Manolo Caracol===
+Manolo Caracol came from an exalted Gypsy dynasty which to this day remains legendary in the arenas of both flamenco and bullfighting. Born in Seville in 1909, it is commonly believed that his ancestral lineage included both El Planete and El Fillo. Caracol won the prestigious first prize at the Cante Jondo Competition (in 1922) at the age of only 13. During the Spanish Civil War he worked in theaters to survive. Caracol claimed his style of singing was unique. He is remembered for his capacity to evoke overwhelming passions from his listeners. Caracol frequently performed with full orchestras or pianos (much to the harsh remarks made by the purists). Caracol died at the age of fifty-four in 1973 Madrid.
+===Jose Monje Cruz  藝名： 島上的蝦子(Camaron de la Isla)===
+Camaron de la Isla was born in [[San Fernando, Cádiz|San Fernando]] in 1950, and was the second child of eight to a Gypsy blacksmith and a basketweaver. He received his nickname early on due to his light complexion and blond hair, and began performing at the age of eight. In 1969 he made his first album with [[Paco de Lucia]].  Although trained as a traditional flamenco singer, Camaron broke with convention, incorporating new musical instruments including the drums, zither, flute, moog, and keyboards to name a few. In his comparatively short career of 20 years, he and Paco de Lucia revolutionized the art of flamenco, attracting vast new audiences to the art form. Camaron met his untimely death at the age of forty-one, in [[Barcelona]].
+===其他有名歌手===
+*''Jose Reyes''
+*''[[Carmen Amaya]]''
+*''[[Rafael de Utrera]]''
+*''[[Duquende]]''
+*''[[Potito]]''
+*''[[Remedios Amaya]]''
+*''[[Diego Carrasco]]''
+*''[[Antonio Mairena]]
+*''[[Diego El Cigala]]''
+*''[[Enrique El Mellizo]]''
+*''[[Antonio Chacon]]''
+*''[[Manuel Torre]]''
+*''[[Enrique El Granaino]]''
+*''[[Pepe de Lucía]]''
+*''[[Estrella Morente]]''
+*''[[Lola Flores]]''
+*''[[Fosforito]]''
+*''[[Lebrijano]]''
+*''[[La Perla de Cadiz]]''
+*''[[Terremoto]]''
+*''[[Chocolate (Flamenco Cantor)|Chocolate]]''
+*''[[Manolo Leiva]]''
+*''[[Antonio Mairena]]''
+*''[[Manuel Agujetas]]''
+*''[[Pepe Marchena]]''
+*''[[Mayte Martín]]''
+*''[[José Mercé]]''
+*''[[Antonio Molina]]''
+*''[[Niña Pastori]]''
+*''[[Manuel Torre]]''
+*''[[Juan Valderrama]]''
+==來源==
+ALVAREZ CABALLERO, Angel: ''Historia del Cante Flamenco'', Alianza Editorial, Madrid, 1981.
+GARCIA LORCA, Federico: ''In Search of Duende''. Edition by Christopher Maurer. New Direction Books, New York, 1998.
+TOTTEN, Robin: ''Song of the Outcast - An Introduction to Flamenco'', Amadeus Press, Oregon, 2003.
+==其他==
+*[[Glossary of flamenco terms]]
+*[[Federico Garcia Lorca]]
+*[[Flamenco Chill]]
+*[[Flamenco guitar]]
+*[[Paco de Lucia]]
+*[[Palo (flamenco)]]
+*[[New Flamenco]]
+*[[Spanish translation in the Golden Age]]
+*[[:Category:Andalusian music]]
+== 外部連結 ==
+===英文連結===
+*[http://www.camarondelaisla.org/index-english.htm Camaron de la Isla, Cantaor Flamenco]
+*[http://www.centroflamenco.com/history.html Cante...The Song]
+*[http://www.novareinna.com/romani/song.html Centro Flamenco]
+*[http://www.worldmusiccentral.org/article.php?story=20030421193728879 World Music Central]
+===西班牙文連結===
+*[http://culturitalia.uibk.ac.at/hispanoteca/Musik-Spanien/Flamenco/El%20cante%20flamenco.htm El Cante Flamenco]
+*[http://www.denison.edu/modlangs/spanish/musica/flamenco/flam_bai3.html El Flamenco]
+*[http://www.serraniaderonda.com/flamenco/ida_vuelta.htm El mundo de Flamenco]
 [[en:Cante flamenco]]