麝香弓背蚁亚属

麝香弓背蚁亚属
	红头弓背蚁的小型工蚁
科学分类
界：	动物界 Animalia
门：	节肢动物门 Arthropoda
纲：	昆虫纲 Insecta
目：	膜翅目 Hymenoptera
科：	蚁科 Formicidae
属：	弓背蚁属 Camponotus
亚属：	麝香弓背蚁亚属 Myrmosaulus; Wheeler, W.M., 1921
模式种
	Camponotus camelinus（瓦瑞语：Camponotus camelinus）; (Fabricius, 1787)
物种
	见内文
多样性
	12种

麝香弓背蚁亚属（学名：Myrmosaulus）是弓背蚁属之下的一个亚属，英文称为“Monster-head Carpenter Ants” （意译为：怪物头木匠蚁）。由Wheeler于1921年描述。^[1]^[2]

描述

该亚属物种从大型至中型；二态性明显。头部一般侧缘圆润，后缘凹陷；小头有侧缘笔直或圆形，后缘凸起或尖状（导弹形），一些物种的末端为颈部，如巨人恐蚁（Dinomyrmex gigas）和一些细瘦弓背蚁亚属（Tanaemyrmex）亚属的物种。前缘产生矩形或圆形叶，类似细瘦弓背蚁亚属。下颌骨沿咀嚼边缘有 6-8 个简单齿;齿状物有时沿基缘出现。柄节略长于后头缘，即使在大种中也是如此。在工蚁中，中体背侧呈圆形;后吻合线深至轻微压痕；在前一种情况下，前足形状为圆形凸起;后鼻气孔在中体背侧非常明显。叶柄通常或多或少呈结节状。花序和胫骨有细小的白色毛（除了 C. aurocinctus（注：C. aurocinctus被Shattuck & McArthur (2002) 转移到未排名的wiederckehri组）。^[2]

特点

该亚属的大部分工蚁的中并胸腹节在与并胸腹节之间都会有凹陷，且并胸腹节后部微凸起。^[2] 该亚属部分物种的大型工蚁的头部具有极度特化现象。

下属物种

该亚属包括以下12个成员：

金腹弓背蚁 Camponotus auriventris Emery, 1889 ^[3]
金环弓背蚁 Camponotus aurocinctus (Smith, F., 1858) ^[4]
贝茨弓背蚁 Camponotus batesii Forel, 1895 ^[5]
Camponotus camelinus (Smith, F., 1857)
丝毛弓背蚁 Camponotus holosericeus Emery, 1889 中华弓背蚁
无畏弓背蚁 Camponotus intrepidus
(Kirby, W., 1819) 勇敢弓背蚁
- 无畏弓背蚁好战亚种 Camponotus intrepidus bellicosus Forel, 1902
Camponotus leae Wheeler, W.M., 1915
Camponotus molossus Forel, 1907
红头弓背蚁 Camponotus singularis
(Smith, F., 1858) ^[6]
- 红头弓背蚁赤斑变种 Camponotus singularis rufomaculatus Donisthorpe, 1941 ^[7]
满绒弓背蚁 Camponotus suffusus
(Smith, F., 1858) ^[8]
- 满绒弓背蚁本迪戈变种 Camponotus suffusus bendigensis Forel, 1902 ^[9]
花斑弓背蚁 Camponotus versicolor Clark, 1930
怀特弓背蚁 Camponotus whitei Wheeler, W.M., 1915

参考文献

^ Wheeler, W. M. 1921a. Professor Emery's subgenera of the genus Camponotus Mayr. Psyche (Camb.) 28: 16-19 (page 18, Myrmosaulus as subgenus of Camponotus)
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Emery, C. 1925d. Hymenoptera. Fam. Formicidae. Subfam. Formicinae. Genera Insectorum 183: 1-302 (page 112, Myrmosaulus as subgenus of Camponotus)
^ Jaitrong W.; Nabhitabhata, J. 2005. A list of known ant species of Thailand. The Thailand Natural History Museum Journal 1(1): 9-54.
^ Wheeler, W. M. 1922i. Ants of the American Museum Congo expedition. A contribution to the myrmecology of Africa. VII. Keys to the genera and subgenera of ants. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 45: 631-710 (page 705, combination in C. (Myrmosaulus))
^ Bolton, B. 1995b. A new general catalogue of the ants of the world. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 504 pp. (page 88, catalogue)
^ 吴坚.王常禄.中国蚂蚁.北京:中国林业出版社.1995.
^ Donisthorpe, H. 1941k. Descriptions of new ants (Hym., Formicidae) from various localities. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 11(8): 199-210 (page 208, soldier, worker d*Yamane, S., Tanaka, H.O., Hasimoto, Y., Ohashi, M., Meleng, P., Itioka, T. 2021. A list of ants from Lambir Hills National Park and its vicinity, with their biological information: Part II. Subfamilies Leptanillinae, Proceratiinae, Amblyoponinae, Ponerinae, Dorylinae, Dolichoderinae, Ectatomminae and Formicinae. Contributions from the Biological Laboratory, Kyoto University 31, 87–157.
^ Emery, C. 1925d. Hymenoptera. Fam. Formicidae. Subfam. Formicinae. Genera Insectorum 183: 1-302 (page 114, Combination in C. (Myrmosaulus))
^ Crawley, W. C. 1921. New and little-known species of ants from various localities. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (9)7:87-97. PDF

[1] Wheeler, W. M. 1921a. Professor Emery's subgenera of the genus Camponotus Mayr. Psyche (Camb.) 28: 16-19 (page 18, Myrmosaulus as subgenus of Camponotus)

[:0-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Emery, C. 1925d. Hymenoptera. Fam. Formicidae. Subfam. Formicinae. Genera Insectorum 183: 1-302 (page 112, Myrmosaulus as subgenus of Camponotus)

[3] Jaitrong W.; Nabhitabhata, J. 2005. A list of known ant species of Thailand. The Thailand Natural History Museum Journal 1(1): 9-54.

[4] Wheeler, W. M. 1922i. Ants of the American Museum Congo expedition. A contribution to the myrmecology of Africa. VII. Keys to the genera and subgenera of ants. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 45: 631-710 (page 705, combination in C. (Myrmosaulus))

[5] Bolton, B. 1995b. A new general catalogue of the ants of the world. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 504 pp. (page 88, catalogue)

[6] 吴坚.王常禄.中国蚂蚁.北京:中国林业出版社.1995.

[7] Donisthorpe, H. 1941k. Descriptions of new ants (Hym., Formicidae) from various localities. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 11(8): 199-210 (page 208, soldier, worker d*Yamane, S., Tanaka, H.O., Hasimoto, Y., Ohashi, M., Meleng, P., Itioka, T. 2021. A list of ants from Lambir Hills National Park and its vicinity, with their biological information: Part II. Subfamilies Leptanillinae, Proceratiinae, Amblyoponinae, Ponerinae, Dorylinae, Dolichoderinae, Ectatomminae and Formicinae. Contributions from the Biological Laboratory, Kyoto University 31, 87–157.

[8] Emery, C. 1925d. Hymenoptera. Fam. Formicidae. Subfam. Formicinae. Genera Insectorum 183: 1-302 (page 114, Combination in C. (Myrmosaulus))

[9] Crawley, W. C. 1921. New and little-known species of ants from various localities. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (9)7:87-97. PDF

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