阿富汗难民
外观
阿富汗难民是因为阿富汗战争、迫害(哈扎拉人)、酷刑和种族灭绝而被迫背井离乡的阿富汗公民。1978年四月革命和1979年苏阿战争开启了阿富汗的第一波难民潮。这些难民被迫离开阿富汗前往邻国伊朗和巴基斯坦以及其他国家避难。1989年2月,苏联撤出阿富汗后,许多阿富汗难民开始返回家园。接踵而至的阿富汗内战、阿富汗战争、2021年塔利班攻势爆发后,许多阿富汗难民再次逃离家园。
阿富汗是世界上最大的难民来源国之一。[1] 2000年有超过600万阿富汗难民居住在伊朗和巴基斯坦。[2]截至2021年,他们是继委内瑞拉难民和叙利亚难民之后的第三大难民群体。[3]一些国际安全援助部队参与国制定了特别计划,允许数千名阿富汗人在北美或欧洲定居。[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]
2023年10月3日,巴基斯坦要求该国境内的阿富汗难民离开该国。截止11月21日,已有37.4万阿富汗人离开巴基斯坦。[16]此外还有12万多阿富汗难民离开伊朗。[17]
参考文献
[编辑]- ^ More than seven million refugees displaced in 2012. BBC News. June 19, 2013 [2013-11-05]. (原始内容存档于2021-12-12).
- ^ USCR Country Report Afghanistan: Statistics on refugees and other uprooted people. ReliefWeb. June 19, 2001 [2021-08-01]. (原始内容存档于2021-08-01).
- ^ Figures at a Glance. UNHCR. June 18, 2021 [2021-07-29]. (原始内容存档于2021-08-27).
- ^ US Expands Eligibility for Afghan Refugee Resettlement. Voice of America. August 2, 2021 [2021-08-03]. (原始内容存档于2021-08-16).
- ^ US Announces New Refugee Program for Afghans. TOLOnews. August 2, 2021 [2021-08-02]. (原始内容存档于2021-08-16).
- ^ From Afghan interpreter to US homeless - the long road to the American dream. BBC News. July 30, 2021 [2021-07-31]. (原始内容存档于2021-08-30).
- ^ 'Welcome Home': First Group of Evacuated Afghan Interpreters Arrive in US. WMAQ-TV. July 30, 2021 [2021-07-30]. (原始内容存档于2021-07-30).
The interpreters and their family members are being resettled under a visa program for those who worked with U.S. troops and now face retaliation from the Taliban amid America's withdrawal
- ^ Afghan who aided U.S. arrive at Virginia base, but many others remain in peril. Los Angeles Times. July 30, 2021 [2021-07-30]. (原始内容存档于2021-09-17).
- ^ Joe Biden approves $300 million for Afghan refugees. Khaama Press. July 24, 2021 [2021-07-29]. (原始内容存档于2021-11-23).
- ^ House votes to expand and speed up visa process for Afghans who helped the U.S. during war. CNBC. July 22, 2021 [2021-07-29]. (原始内容存档于2021-09-23).
- ^ H.R.3985 - Averting Loss of Life and Injury by Expediting SIVs Act of 2021. U.S. Congress. [2021-07-23]. (原始内容存档于2021-08-17).
- ^ First Resettled Afghan Refugees and Families Arrive in Canada. U.S. News & World Report. August 5, 2021 [2021-08-05]. (原始内容存档于2021-08-09).
- ^ Let more Afghan interpreters resettle in UK, say ex-military chiefs. BBC. July 29, 2021 [2021-07-29]. (原始内容存档于2021-08-27).
- ^ Afghans who worked for France get a chance at asylum – and spark an exodus. France 24. June 30, 2021 [2021-07-31]. (原始内容存档于2021-08-15).
- ^ Stainburn 2013
- ^ 难民署对巴基斯坦驱逐令表示关切,阿富汗回返者处境堪忧. 联合国新闻. 2023-11-21 [2023-11-22]. (原始内容存档于2023-12-15) (中文).
- ^ 巴基斯坦和伊朗联合驱逐50多万阿富汗国民. 美国之音. 2023-11-21 [2023-11-22]. (原始内容存档于2023-11-22) (中文).