Pianoforte (Florence, 1720) by Bartolomeo Cristofori (1655-1731)

"An early (1700s I think) model of a piano. Only 4 pianos of this type were made."

Grand Piano - Bartolomeo Cristofori
Date:            1720
Geography:       Florence, Italy
Medium:          Various materials
Dimensions:      Case length (perpendicular to keyboard) 228.6 cm, 
                 Width (parallel to keyboard) 95.6 cm, 
                 Case depth without lid 23.5 cm, 
                 Total height 86.5 cm, 3-octave span 49.6 cm, 
                 L. of longest string 188.6 cm,
                 L. of shortest string 12.0 cm, L. of c2 27.9 cm
Classification:  Chordophone-Zither
Credit Line:     The Crosby Brown Collection of Musical Instruments, 1889
Accession Number: 89.4.1219 
Description:

Bartolomeo Cristofori was the first person to create a successful hammer-action keyboard instrument and, accordingly, deserves to be credited as the inventor of the piano. This example is the oldest of the three extant pianos by Cristofori. About 1700 he began to work on an instrument on which the player could achieve changes in loudness solely by changing the force with which the keys were struck. By 1700 he had made at least one successful instrument, which he called "gravicembalo col piano e forte" (harpsichord with soft and loud). His instrument still generally resembles a harpsichord, though its case is thicker and the quill mechanism has been replaced by a hammer mechanism. Cristofori's hammer mechanism is so well designed and made that no other of comparable sensitivity and reliability was devised for another seventy-five years. In fact, the highly complex action of the modern piano may be traced directly to his original conception.