自力文團

自力文團
Tự-Lực văn-đoàn
簡稱	TLVD
成立時間	1934年3月2日，90年前
創始人	一靈、慨興、黃道、世旅、石嵐、秀𦟖、春耀
創始地	法屬印度支那東京河內
撤銷	1940
法律地位	Active organization
地址	法屬印度支那東京河內Route du Grand Bouddha80號;
服務地區	法屬印度支那
隸屬	啟蒙會
所有者	一靈、慨興、黃道、世旅、石嵐、秀𦟖
主帥	一靈
目標	文學、教育、美術、行動

自力文團（法語：Union Littéraire Autonome, 越南語：Tự-Lực văn-đoàn），是1930年代成立於越南東京（今河內）的一個左翼文學組織。

歷史

該小組由一靈（阮祥三）和慨興（英語：Khái Hưng）（陳慶餘）於1932年至1933年創立，他們開始出版周刊《風化》（Phong Hóa）和後來的《今日》（Ngày Nay）。^[1]在一段時期內，自力文團處於新聞發展的新前沿，即「新詩」，並在《風化》連載的小說和故事中引入現實主義。^[2]在《風化》中連載的小說後來在自強出版系列中完成。^[3]該小組被確定為反法國人，例如，被排除在法國組織的文學和藝術會議之外。^[4]

該組織活動期間恰逢越南女權運動的出現，^[5]自力文團的小說經常描述－在現實主義的原則下－婦女的傳統義務。^[6]

主要成員

一靈（阮祥三）
慨興（英語：Khái Hưng）（陳慶餘）
輝瑾
傘沱（阮克孝）

參考資料

^ East Asian cultural studies: Volume 6 Yunesuko Higashi Ajia Bunka Kenkyū Sentā (Tokyo, Japan) - 1967 "Aware of their historical duties, some young scholars formed in 1932 the Tự Lực văn đoàn or Self-help literary group, a politico-cultural organization, and published a weekly magazine the Phong Hóa to disseminate their doctrine, the main ..."
^ Colonialism and language policy in Viet Nam John DeFrancis - 1977 "For a period the Self-Help Literary Group surged to the forefront of a prodigious journalistic expansion, the birth of a New Poetry, and the emergence of the realistic novel (Durand and Nguyen Tran Huan 1969: III, 206-207).
^ Postwar Vietnam: Dynamics of a Transforming Society - Page 263 Hy V. Luong - 2003 "Many novels that still captivate Vietnamese readers today were first serialized in Phong Hoa, then published in the Tu Luc Van Doan (Self-strengthening Literary Group) book series, also edited by Nhat Linh. In 1934, the same editorial team .."
^ SERAS: Volume 27 Association for Asian Studies. Southeast Conference - 2006 "exclusion from the first General Conference on the Arts of such patriotic and anti-French factions as the Self-Help Literary Group of Nhat Linh and Khai Hung, ...
^ Handbook of the media in Asia Shelton A. Gunaratne - 2000 "... 935) both published by Tu Luc Van Doan (Self-Help Literary Group) in the north (Thai, 1971). Another characteristic of this period was the rise in Vietnam's feminist movement and with it the emergence of a number of newspapers for women."
^ A Dragon Child: Reflections Of A Daughter Of Annam In America - Page 46 Lucy Nguyen-Hong-Nhiem - 2004 "... like the traditional ones so often described in the novels by the 「Self-Help Literary Group」 (Tự lực văn đoàn) of the 1930's. These mothers-in-law believed that the daughter-in-law should be trained to serve the family into which she married."

[1] East Asian cultural studies: Volume 6 Yunesuko Higashi Ajia Bunka Kenkyū Sentā (Tokyo, Japan) - 1967 "Aware of their historical duties, some young scholars formed in 1932 the Tự Lực văn đoàn or Self-help literary group, a politico-cultural organization, and published a weekly magazine the Phong Hóa to disseminate their doctrine, the main ..."

[2] Colonialism and language policy in Viet Nam John DeFrancis - 1977 "For a period the Self-Help Literary Group surged to the forefront of a prodigious journalistic expansion, the birth of a New Poetry, and the emergence of the realistic novel (Durand and Nguyen Tran Huan 1969: III, 206-207).

[3] Postwar Vietnam: Dynamics of a Transforming Society - Page 263 Hy V. Luong - 2003 "Many novels that still captivate Vietnamese readers today were first serialized in Phong Hoa, then published in the Tu Luc Van Doan (Self-strengthening Literary Group) book series, also edited by Nhat Linh. In 1934, the same editorial team .."

[4] SERAS: Volume 27 Association for Asian Studies. Southeast Conference - 2006 "exclusion from the first General Conference on the Arts of such patriotic and anti-French factions as the Self-Help Literary Group of Nhat Linh and Khai Hung, ...

[5] Handbook of the media in Asia Shelton A. Gunaratne - 2000 "... 935) both published by Tu Luc Van Doan (Self-Help Literary Group) in the north (Thai, 1971). Another characteristic of this period was the rise in Vietnam's feminist movement and with it the emergence of a number of newspapers for women."

[6] A Dragon Child: Reflections Of A Daughter Of Annam In America - Page 46 Lucy Nguyen-Hong-Nhiem - 2004 "... like the traditional ones so often described in the novels by the 「Self-Help Literary Group」 (Tự lực văn đoàn) of the 1930's. These mothers-in-law believed that the daughter-in-law should be trained to serve the family into which she married."

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