描述Maunder auroral beam 11-17-1882.gif	Drawing of passage of "auroral beam" of November 17, 1882
日期	1883年五月
來源	Philosophical Magazine
作者	Rand Capron
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其他版本	English Wikipedia

摘要

Drawing of passage of "auroral beam" of November 17, 1882, by astronomer and aurora expert Rand Capron, Guildown Observatory, Surrey, UK. Also described by prominent British astronomer Edward Walter Maunder. Drawing first published in Philosophical Magazine, May 1883. Reprinted by astronomer Morris K. Jessup in "The Case for the UFO," 1955, p. 32, Citadel Press. Electronic version of Jessup book with illustration online

Maunder in The Observatory journal of the Royal Greenwich Observatory, in June 1883 and April 1916, described the phenomenon as about 30 degrees long, 2-3 degrees wide, with distinct edges and an opaque central portion. It was whitish or whitish-green, about the same color as auroral displays, but much brighter. It moved steadily across the sky from (magnetic) east to west in under 2 minutes. It moved "as the Sun, Moon, stars and planets move but nearly a thousand times as quickly." When first seen it was low down in the E.N.E. and circular or disc-like in shape, but as it moved it turned into "a very elongated ellipse", variously described as "cigar-shaped," "like a torpedo," "a spindle", or a "shuttle." In 1916, Maunder likened it to "just like a Zeppelin."

In 1916, Maunder commented that it was "a celestial object unique in my experience" and "unlike any other celestial object that I have ever seen. The quality of its light, and its occurrence while a great magnetic storm and a bright aurora were in progress, seem to establish its auroral origin. But it differed very widely in appearance from any other aurora that I have ever seen."

The described phenomenon has some similarity in appearance to Upper Tangent arc, frequent in the northern regions, described and studied by meteorologists. Upper Tangent arc is produced by horizontally orientated column-shaped ice crystals reflecting the sunlight (articles in Arbeitskreis Meteore e.V. ). However, the 1882 phenomenon, according to Maunder, moved rapidly across the sky, whereas Upper Tangent arc would remain relatively stationary and can only occur during daytime, since it is created by and is tied to the position of the sun.

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	本作品在其來源國以及其他版權期限是作者逝世後70年或以下的國家與地區屬於公有領域。 你必須增加美國公有領域標籤顯示為何這個作品在美國屬於公有領域。 請注意少數國家的著作權保護期為70年以上：墨西哥為100年，牙買加為95年，哥倫比亞為80年，瓜地馬拉與薩摩亞為75年，而這些國家不實施較短期限法則，因此該圖片可能在這些國家不被認為是公有領域。宏都拉斯的著作權期限一般為75年，但該國實施較短期限法則。對於在第二次世界大戰期間為法國利益戰死的法國人（更多資訊）、二戰期間參與過蘇德戰爭（俄羅斯稱之為偉大的衛國戰爭）的俄羅斯人，以及蘇聯時期遭到鎮壓，而死後獲得平反的犧牲者（更多資訊），這些人的作品著作權期限會有所延長。
	此作品無已知的著作權限制，亦不受所有相關和鄰接的權利限制。

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