灰鲸科:修订间差异

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重定向到灰鯨
通过翻译页面“Eschrichtiidae”创建
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{{Automatic taxobox|image=Graywhale MMC.jpg|fossil_range={{Fossil range|中新世|现代}}|taxon=Eschrichtiidae|authority={{Harvnb|Ellerman|Morrison-Scott|1951}}|subdivision={{taxon list
#REDIRECT [[灰鯨]]
|*{{绝灭}}[[始灰鲸属]] ''Archaeschrichtius''|{{Harvnb|Bisconti|Varola|2006}}
|*{{绝灭}}[[拟灰鲸属]] ''Eschrichtioides''|{{Harvnb|Bisconti|2008}}
|*[[灰鲸属]] ''Eschrichtius''|{{Harvnb|Gray|1864}}
|*{{绝灭}}[[格雷斯鲸属]] ''Gricetoides''|{{Harvnb|Whitmore|Kaltenbach|2008}}
}}|synonyms={{taxon list
|*Rhachianectidae|{{Harvnb|Weber|1904}}
}}}}
'''灰鲸科'''([[学名]]:{{Lang|la|Eschrichtiidae}})是[[鬚鯨小目|须鲸小目]]({{Lang|la|Mysticeti}})的一[[科 (生物)|科]],仅包含一个现存物种[[灰鯨|灰鲸]]({{Lang|la|''Eschrichtius robustus''}}),此外,本科还包括三化石属,即分别生存于意大利[[中新世]]和[[上新世]]的[[始灰鲸属]] (''Archaeschrichtius'')及[[拟灰鲸属]](''Eschrichtioides'')<ref>{{Harvnb|Bisconti|2008}}</ref>,还有生存于上新世[[北卡罗来纳州|北卡罗来纳]]的[[格雷斯鲸属]](''Gricetoides'')。<ref>{{Harvnb|Pyenson|Lindberg|2011}}</ref> 本科及其模式属的学名是为了纪念丹麦动物学家{{Link-en|丹尼尔·腓特烈·埃施里赫特|Daniel Frederik Eschricht|丹尼尔·埃施里赫特}}。<ref>{{Harvnb|Jones|Swartz|2008}}</ref>

== 分类史 ==
18世纪,一些学者<ref>E.g. {{Harvnb|Erxleben|1777|pp=610–611}}; {{Harvnb|Anderson|1746}}; {{Harvnb|Brisson|1762}}</ref> 将灰鲸描述为[[露脊鲸属]]的一种,学名为{{Lang|la|''Balaena gibbosa''}},本种被描述为"背脊上拥有六个突起的鲸",这显然是基于1725年达德利<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Risperidone|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40278-018-53599-x|date=2018-10|journal=Reactions Weekly|issue=1|doi=10.1007/s40278-018-53599-x|volume=1725|pages=258–258|issn=0114-9954}}</ref>的笔记:<ref name="Barnes-McLeod">{{Harvnb|Barnes|McLeod|1984|pp=4–5}}</ref>{{Quote|这种“瘦鲸”是[[脊鳍鲸]]的近亲,但背上无鳍,其崎岖的背脊共有六个突起,是一种能提供近乎丰富油脂的鲸种,其骨白色,但不分裂。<ref>{{Harvnb|Dudley|1725|p=258}}</ref>}}{{Harvnb|Lilljeborg|1861}}基于发现于[[波罗的海|的波罗的海]]的半化石样本,第一次将灰鲸描述为一个独立物种,这个样本显然是来自于一个已灭绝的北大西洋种群。 然而,Lilljeborg将它归类于[[须鲸属]],学名为''Balaenoptera robusta''<ref>{{Harvnb|Lilljeborg|1861}}</ref>。直到1864年格雷<ref />发现其肋骨和肩胛骨样本并不同的任何已知的须鲸,因此建立了一个新的属, 即灰鲸属''。''<ref>{{Harvnb|Gray|1864}}</ref>

== 参考文献 ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

=== 来源 ===
{{Refbegin|30em}}
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* {{Cite book|last=Erxleben|first=J. C. P.|authorlink=Johann Christian Polycarp Erxleben|title=Systema regni animalis per classes, ordines, genera, species, varietates, cum synonymia et historia animalium. Classis 1: Mammalia|year=1777|publisher=Weygandianis|location=Leipzig|url=https://archive.org/stream/iochristpolycerx00erxl#page/610/mode/2up|layurl=http://fossilworks.org/bridge.pl?action=taxonInfo&taxon_no=36714|laydate=November 2013|language=Latin|oclc=22224991|ol=23666710M|ref=harv}}<!-- {{Harvnb|Erxleben|1777}} -->
* {{Cite journal|title=Notes on the Whalebone-Whales; with a Synopsis of the Species|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/22249795#page/364/mode/2up|last=Gray|first=J. E.|authorlink=John Edward Gray|journal=The Annals and Magazine of Natural History|issue=83|doi=10.1080/00222936408681724|year=1864|series=3|volume=14|pages=345–353|ref=harv}}<!-- {{Harvnb|Gray|1864}} -->
* {{Cite book|last1=Jones|first1=M. L.|last2=Swartz|first2=S. L.|chapter=Gray whale|pages=503–511|title=Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals|editor1-last=Perrin|editor1-first=William F.|editor2-last=Würsig|editor2-first=Bernd|editor3-last=Thewissen|editor3-first=J. G. M.|year=2008|publisher=Academic Press|isbn=978-0-12-373553-9|ref=harv}}<!-- {{Harvnb|Jones|Swartz|2008}} -->
* {{Cite book|last=Lilljeborg|first=W.|authorlink=Wilhelm Lilljeborg|title=Öfversigt af de inom Skandinavien (Sverige och Norrige) anträffade Hvalartade Däggdjur (Cetacea)|year=1861|language=Swedish|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/53571#page/82/mode/2up|doi=10.5962/bhl.title.15843|oclc=670223335|ref=harv}}<!-- {{Harvnb|Lilljeborg|1861}} -->
* {{Cite book|last=Portis|first=A.|title=Catalogo descrittivo dei Talassoterii rinvenuti nei terreni terziarii del Piemonte e della Liguria|year=1885|location=Turin|publisher=Ermanno Loescher|url=https://archive.org/stream/catalogodescritt00port#page/16/mode/2up|layurl=http://fossilworks.org/bridge.pl?a=displayReference&reference_no=13952|laydate=November 2013|language=Italian|oclc=9527515|ref=harv}}<!-- {{Harvnb|Portis|1885}} -->
* {{Cite journal|title=What Happened to Gray Whales during the Pleistocene? The Ecological Impact of Sea-Level Change on Benthic Feeding Areas in the North Pacific Ocean|first1=N. D.|last2=Lindberg|first2=D. R.|journal=PLoS ONE|issue=7|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0021295|year=2011|volume=6|pages=e21295|pmc=3130736|pmid=21754984|ref=harv|last1=Pyenson}}<!-- {{Harvnb|Pyenson|Lindberg|2011}} -->
* {{Cite journal|title=On the cetaceans of the western coast of North America|last=Scammon|first=C. M.|authorlink=Charles Melville Scammon|journal=Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia|year=1869|volume=21|pages=13–63|jstor=4060095|ref=harv}}<!-- {{Harvnb|Scammon|1869}} -->
* {{Cite book|last=Scammon|first=C. M.|title=The marine mammals of the north-western coast of North America|year=1874|publisher=John H. Carmany and Co.|location=San Franc.|chapter=The California Gray Whale|pages=20–33|chapter-url=https://archive.org/stream/marinemammalsofn00scam#page/n27/mode/2up|ref=harv}}<!-- {{Harvnb|Scammon|1874}} -->
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{{Refend}}

== 外部链接 ==

* {{Commonscat-inline|Eschrichtiidae}}
* {{Wikispecies-inline|Eschrichtiidae}}
[[Category:鬚鯨亞目]]
[[Category:CS1意大利语来源 (it)]]
[[Category:CS1拉丁文来源 (la)]]
[[Category:CS1法语来源 (fr)]]

2019年7月27日 (六) 02:35的版本

灰鲸科
化石时期:中新世至现代
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: 哺乳纲 Mammalia
目: 偶蹄目 Artiodactyla
下目: 鲸下目 Cetacea
演化支 大洋鯨類 Pelagiceti
演化支 新鯨類 Neoceti
小目: 鬚鯨小目 Mysticeti
演化支 無齒鬚鯨類 Chaeomysticeti
演化支 露脊鲸形类 Balaenomorpha
总科: 鬚鯨總科 Balaenopteroidea
科: 灰鲸科 Eschrichtiidae
Ellerman & Morrison-Scott 1951
異名

灰鲸科学名Eschrichtiidae)是须鲸小目Mysticeti)的一,仅包含一个现存物种灰鲸Eschrichtius robustus),此外,本科还包括三化石属,即分别生存于意大利中新世上新世始灰鲸属Archaeschrichtius)及拟灰鲸属Eschrichtioides[1],还有生存于上新世北卡罗来纳格雷斯鲸属Gricetoides)。[2] 本科及其模式属的学名是为了纪念丹麦动物学家丹尼尔·埃施里赫特英语Daniel Frederik Eschricht[3]

分类史

18世纪,一些学者[4] 将灰鲸描述为露脊鲸属的一种,学名为Balaena gibbosa,本种被描述为"背脊上拥有六个突起的鲸",这显然是基于1725年达德利[5]的笔记:[6]

这种“瘦鲸”是脊鳍鲸的近亲,但背上无鳍,其崎岖的背脊共有六个突起,是一种能提供近乎丰富油脂的鲸种,其骨白色,但不分裂。[7]

Lilljeborg 1861基于发现于的波罗的海的半化石样本,第一次将灰鲸描述为一个独立物种,这个样本显然是来自于一个已灭绝的北大西洋种群。 然而,Lilljeborg将它归类于须鲸属,学名为Balaenoptera robusta[8]。直到1864年格雷引用错误:<ref>标签中未填内容的引用必须填写name属性发现其肋骨和肩胛骨样本并不同的任何已知的须鲸,因此建立了一个新的属, 即灰鲸属[9]

参考文献

来源

外部链接