巴爾米拉攻勢 (2016年3月)
巴爾米拉攻勢(2016年3月) | |||||||
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叙利亚内战及俄羅斯在敘利亞內戰的軍事介入的一部分 | |||||||
![]() 2016年3月26日形勢圖 | |||||||
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参战方 | |||||||
什葉派民兵
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参战单位 | |||||||
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兵力 | |||||||
至少6,000人[11] | 至少2,000人 | ||||||
伤亡与损失 | |||||||
195人死[12][13](至少2名俄羅斯人、1名伊朗人)[13][14] |
417人死(據SOHR)[12] 450人死(據敘利亞軍方)[15] 至少500人死(據俄方;3月20-27日)[16] |
2016年3月的巴爾米拉攻勢是敘利亞政府軍在俄羅斯空軍支援下,[17]從伊斯兰国手上奪回古城巴尔米拉的一次作戰行動。
過程[编辑]
2016年3月9日,俄軍開始在巴爾米拉一帶進行猛烈空襲,至次日已有32名伊斯蘭國戰士被炸死。[18]
主要的地面戰鬥在3月12日開始。[8]次日敘軍進攻巴爾米拉城堡所在的Qassoun山。[19]敘軍計劃對巴爾米拉展開三面攻勢進行包圍。[20]
3月15日,政府軍攻佔Hayyan山,[21]距離巴爾米拉不到4公里。[22]連接巴爾米拉和蘇赫奈的道路被俄軍空襲,造成26人喪生。[23]
3月17日,伊斯蘭國乘沙塵暴進行反攻,[24]被敘軍擊退。[5]一名俄軍在該日陣亡。[25]
3月21日,17名敘軍士兵被俄軍導彈誤中喪生。[26]同日,大批國防軍援兵抵達巴爾米拉西郊,使政府軍在該地區的兵力增至超過6,000人。[11]
3月23日,敘軍進至巴爾米拉以南1至2公里處。[27][28]
3月25日早上,親政府部隊攻佔巴爾米拉西面和西北面的數個小山。[29]同日稍後敘軍收復巴爾米拉城堡。[30][31][32]
3月26日,國營電視台報道敘軍攻佔巴爾米拉的3個地區。[33]到3月27日破曉,巴爾米拉完全落入敘軍之手。[6][7]東面市郊仍有零星戰鬥。[34]大部分伊斯蘭國武裝分子向東面撤退。[35]同日稍後,敘軍攻佔監獄和空軍基地,30名伊斯蘭國武裝分子陣亡。[36]
後事[编辑]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Liberation_of_Palmyra_by_RSII_coalition_%283%29.jpg/230px-Liberation_of_Palmyra_by_RSII_coalition_%283%29.jpg)
巴爾米拉被收復後,有俄軍抵達當地協助清除伊斯蘭國撤退時佈置的爆炸物。此外,估計有至少280人在伊斯蘭國佔領巴爾米拉期間被處決。[37]
2016年12月11日,伊斯蘭國再次攻佔巴爾米拉。
參考文獻[编辑]
- ^ Leith Fadel. Massive convoy of Syrian Army reinforcements leave Latakia for Palmyra. Al-Masdar News. 17 March 2016 [17 March 2016]. (原始内容存档于2016-05-08).
- ^ Reuters Editorial. Russia's special forces officer killed in Syria: Interfax. Reuters. 24 March 2016 [2016-08-09]. (原始内容存档于2016-04-20).
- ^ Russian special forces active in Syria, give recon & targeting for warplanes, general confirms. RT International. [2016-08-09]. (原始内容存档于2016-04-07).
- ^ Leith Fadel. Iranian special forces arrive in Palmyra to help liberate the city. Al-Masdar News. 21 March 2016 [21 March 2016]. (原始内容存档于2016-04-02).
- ^ 5.0 5.1 Leith Fadel. Syrian Army, Hezbollah overwhelm ISIS in west Palmyra: dozens killed. Al-Masdar News. 17 March 2016 [17 March 2016]. (原始内容存档于2016-05-29).
- ^ 6.0 6.1 Associated Press. Syrian forces retake historic city of Palmyra from Islamic State. chicagotribune.com. 27 March 2016 [27 March 2016]. (原始内容存档于2019-02-13).
- ^ 7.0 7.1 Leith Fadel. Breaking: Syrian Armed Forces liberate Palmyra. Al-Masdar News. 27 March 2016 [27 March 2016]. (原始内容存档于2019-05-09).
- ^ 8.0 8.1 Leith Fadel. Syrian Army advances in Palmyra despite heavy casualties. Al-Masdar News. 15 March 2016 [16 March 2016]. (原始内容存档于2017-01-11).
- ^ Leith Fadel. Breaking: Syrian Army, Hezbollah liberate Al-Amariyah in northern Palmyra. Al-Masdar News. 26 March 2016 [26 March 2016]. (原始内容存档于2017-01-11).
- ^ 10.0 10.1 Leith Fadel. Tiger Forces liberate Hill 800 in west Palmyra. Al-Masdar News. 14 March 2016 [16 March 2016]. (原始内容存档于2016-04-15).
- ^ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 Leith Fadel. More reinforcements pour into Palmyra as the Syrian Army prepares to storm the city. Al-Masdar News. 22 March 2016 [24 March 2016]. (原始内容存档于2016-03-23).
- ^ 12.0 12.1 Syrian forces pursue campaign against Islamic State after retaking Palmyra. townhall.com. [2016-08-09]. (原始内容存档于2016-04-05).
- ^ 13.0 13.1 Syrian army re-enters Palmyra as ISIS are warned they will be 'crushed'. Mail Online. 24 March 2016 [24 March 2016]. (原始内容存档于2017-10-19).
- ^ US says Iran forces pulling back in Syria; others say no. [2016-08-09]. (原始内容存档于2017-10-19).
- ^ Reem. The army takes full control of Palmyra city, hundreds of ISIS terrorists killed. [2016-08-09]. (原始内容存档于2016-10-02).
- ^ The Latest: Russian Officer Killed Near Palmyra in Syria. AP. 24 March 2016 [27 March 2016]. (原始内容存档于2016-03-29) –通过The New York Times.
Heavy Russian Airstrikes as Syrian Army Fights IS in Palmyra (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
The ancient city of Palymyra could be restored in 5 years (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) - ^ Isis 'losing control' of Palmyra as Syrian troops backed by Russian air strikes approach ancient city. Independent. 26 March 2016 [2016-08-09]. (原始内容存档于2020-11-08).
- ^ Syrian army aims for eastward advance with Palmyra attack. The Daily Star Newspaper - Lebanon. [16 March 2016]. (原始内容存档于2016-03-16).
- ^ Leith Fadel. Breaking: Syrian Army storms the Palmyra Castle. Al-Masdar News. 13 March 2016 [16 March 2016]. (原始内容存档于2020-11-28).
- ^ Leith Fadel. Syrian Armed Forces attempt to surround Palmyra. Al-Masdar News. 14 March 2016 [16 March 2016]. (原始内容存档于2020-04-27).
- ^ Leith Fadel. Tiger Forces liberate Jabal Hayyal in west Palmyra, Map Update. Al-Masdar News. 15 March 2016 [16 March 2016]. (原始内容存档于2020-04-27).
- ^ Russian air strikes near Palmyra as Syrian troops advance: monitor. Mail Online. 15 March 2016 [16 March 2016]. (原始内容存档于2020-04-27).
- ^ Reuters Editorial. 26 die as Russian jets back Syrian advance near Palmyra - monitor. Reuters India. 15 March 2016 [16 March 2016]. (原始内容存档于2020-09-26).
- ^ Syrian troops push toward Palmyra, with Russian support. The Japan Times. [24 March 2016]. (原始内容存档于2016-03-22).
- ^ Dearen, Lizzie. Body of Russian special forces officer who 'ordered air strike on himself' to kill Isis militants returned home. The Independent. 30 April 2016 [2016-08-09]. (原始内容存档于2016-05-04).
- ^ Leith Fadel. Friendly-fire in Palmyra kills 17 Syrian Marines. Al-Masdar News. 21 March 2016 [21 March 2016]. (原始内容存档于2018-09-20).
- ^ Syrian army expects to retake Palmyra 'within hours': TV. [24 March 2016]. (原始内容存档于2016-03-23).
- ^ Syria regime forces at entrance to Islamic State-held Palmyra. The Times of Israel. [24 March 2016]. (原始内容存档于2020-04-27).
- ^ Leith Fadel. Breaking: Syrian Army, Hezbollah liberate several hilltops overlooking Palmyra. Al-Masdar News. 25 March 2016 [2016-08-09]. (原始内容存档于2021-01-25).
- ^ Syrian Army Said to Be Closer to Retaking Palmyra. The New York Times. 26 March 2016 [2016-08-09]. (原始内容存档于2020-11-08).
- ^ Dominic Evans and Andrea Shalal. Islamic State under siege in Palmyra, militant leader killed. Reuters. 25 March 2016 [2016-08-09]. (原始内容存档于2020-11-26).
- ^ Zen Adra. Field Report: Syrian Army retakes Palmyra Castle. Map Update. Al-Masdar News. 25 March 2016 [2016-08-09]. (原始内容存档于2016-03-27).
- ^ Heavy Russian airstrikes as Syrian army fights IS in Palmyra. Mail Online. 26 March 2016 [27 March 2016]. (原始内容存档于2020-04-27).
- ^ jack. IS pulls back into Tadmur outskirts. Syrian Observatory For Human Rights. [27 March 2016]. (原始内容存档于2016-03-31).
- ^ Syrian army recaptures Palmyra from ISIS - Business Insider. Business Insider. 27 March 2016 [27 March 2016]. (原始内容存档于2020-04-27).
- ^ jack. Regime forces takes control on Tadmur prison and military airport. Syrian Observatory For Human Rights. [27 March 2016]. (原始内容存档于2019-09-20).
- ^ Palmyra images by Assad regime reveal mass grave used by ISIS. Mail Online. 2 April 2016 [2016-08-09]. (原始内容存档于2017-10-19).