恐龍的體型

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恐龍的體型將目前已知的不同恐龍生物群中,最大、最重與最小的成員列表出來。

五类恐龍的大型代表物種體型相比,圖片最左邊藍色的則代表現代人類的平均體型:

備註:這個列表並不包含未公佈的化石。恐龍的體重估計值比身長估計值變化範圍更大,因為使用已滅絕動物的骨骸來估計牠們的身長較為容易。

獸腳亞目

最長的獸腳亞目

數種巨型獸腳類恐龍的體型相比。從左到右為:棘龍南方巨獸龍暴龍馬普龍鯊齒龍

以下列表為身長(包含尾巴在內)超過12公尺的獸腳類恐龍。

  1. 棘龙: 15—18米(49—59英尺)[1]
  2. 鲨齿龙: 12.2—14米(40—46英尺)[2][3]
  3. 南方巨兽龙: 12—14米(39—46英尺)[4][5]
  4. 奥沙拉龙: 12—14米(39—46英尺)[5][6]
  5. 食蜥王龙: 10.5—14米(34—46英尺)[2][5][7]
  6. 霸王龙: 12.5—13米(41—43英尺)[2][1]
  7. 马普龙: 12.2—13米(40—43英尺)[8][5]
  8. 魁纣龙: 12.2—13米(40—43英尺)[2][5]
  9. 高棘龍: 11.5—13米(38—43英尺)?[2][5]
  10. 吉兰泰龙: 11—13米(36—43英尺)[2][5][9]

最重的獸腳亞目

  1. 棘龙: 6—20.9 t(6.6—23.0 short ton)[10][11][12]
  2. 霸王龙: 4.5—18.5 t(5.0—20.4 short ton)[13][14][15]
  3. 鲨齿龙: 3—15.1 t(3.3—16.6 short ton)[16][17][11]
  4. 南方巨兽龙: 6—13.8 t(6.6—15.2 short ton) [16][18][11][19]
  5. 高棘龍: 2.4—7.3 t(2.6—8.0 short ton)[16][20][21]
  6. 奥沙拉龙: 5—7 t(5.5—7.7 short ton)[6]
  7. 魁纣龙: 4.9—7 t(5.4—7.7 short ton)[2][16]
  8. 恐手龙: 5—6.4 t(5.5—7.1 short ton)[22][2]
  9. 吉兰泰龙: 2.5—6 t(2.8—6.6 short ton)[23][24]
  10. 似鳄龙: 2.5—5.2 t(2.8—5.7 short ton)[4][17][2]

最小的獸腳亞目(不包含鳥類)

以下為身長小於或等于80cm的獸腳類恐龍(不包含鳥類):

  1. 耀龍Epidexipteryx):25公分到30公分。[2][25]
  2. 近鳥Anchiornis):34公分。[26]
  3. 小馳龍Parvicursor):39公分。
  4. 寐龍Mei):53公分。[4]
  5. 金鳳鳥Jinfengopteryx):55公分。[27]
  6. 小盜龍Microraptor):55到77公分。
  7. 美頜龍Compsognathus):60公分到1.4公尺。
  8. 小力加布龍Ligabueino):70公分。
  9. 大黑天神龍Mahakala):70公分。[28]
  10. 侏羅獵龍Juravenator):75到104公分。
  11. 恩霹渥巴龍Nqwebasaurus):80公分。

蜥脚形亚目

蜥脚形亚目恐龍的化石經常處於破碎的狀態,因此很難估計牠們的體型。而且牠們的化石常缺乏尾部,所以估計值的錯誤範圍很大。恐龍體重的計算方式是採用身長的三次方,而蜥腳類恐龍的身長大多無法確定,因此更難以估計牠們的體重。以下估計值主要根據GavinrymillMiketaylor、以及 Mortimer等人的論敘。而化石非常破碎,或是化石已遺失的物種,都標上問號。

巨型蜥腳類恐龍通常可以分為兩群:一群的體型較短、較粗壯,但體重較大,主要為泰坦巨龍類腕龍科;另一群的體型較為修長,但體重較輕,主要為梁龍科

最長的蜥脚形亚目

數種大型代表蜥腳下目恐龍的體型比較圖。分別為:阿根廷龍(紅)、馬門溪龍(綠)、超龍(橘)、梁龍(紫)、富塔隆柯龍(藍)
  1. 阿根廷龍Argentinosaurus):35到39.7公尺。[29]
  2. 巴塔哥巨龍Patagotitan):33到37公尺。[30][2][31]
  3. 超龍(Supersaurus):32到35公尺。[32][2]
  4. 梁龍D. hallorum):29到35公尺。原為地震龍Seismosaurus)。[2][32][5][33]
  5. 阿拉莫龍Alamosaurus):28到35公尺。[2][34][5]
  6. 马门溪龙Mamenchisaurus):26到35公尺。[2][35]
  7. 波塞東龍Sauroposeidon): 27到34公尺。備註:目前已知最高的恐龍,身高18公尺。[36][2][37]
  8. 巨大南极龙"Antarctosaurus" giganteus): 23到33公尺。[5]
  9. 新疆巨龍Xinjiangtitan):30到32公尺。[38]

最重的蜥脚形亚目

  1. 阿根廷龍Argentinosaurus):50至90公噸。[39][2][16]
  2. 巴塔哥巨龙属Patagotitan):55到77公噸。[40]
  3. 南巨龙属Notocolossus):44.9到75.9公噸。[39]
  4. 马门溪龙Mamenchisaurus):44到75公噸。[2]
  5. 阿拉莫龍Alamosaurus):39.5到73公噸。[39][2][18]
  6. 迷惑龍Apatosaurus):32.7到72.6公噸。一般大眾俗稱的雷龍[41]
  7. 波塞東龍Sauroposeidon):40到60公噸。[36][2][37]
  8. 无畏巨龙Dreadnoughtus):22.1到59.3公噸。[39][42]
  9. 潮汐龙Futalognkosaurus):20到59公噸。[2][43]

最小的蜥脚形亚目

  1. 歐姆殿龍Ohmdenosaurus): 4米(13英尺)[5]
  2. 貝里肯龍Blikanasaurus): 4—5米(13—16英尺)[2][5]
  3. 细长龙Lirainosaurus): 4—7米(13—23英尺)[2][44]
  4. 馬扎爾龍Magyarosaurus): 5.3—6米(17—20英尺)[2][5]
  5. 歐羅巴龍Europasaurus): 5.7—6.2米(19—20英尺)[2][5][45]
  6. 火山齒龍Vulcanodon): 6.5—11米(21—36英尺)[2][5]
  7. 伊森龍Isanosaurus): 6.5—17米(21—56英尺)[5][46]
  8. 萨尔塔龙Saltasaurus): 7—12.8米(23—42英尺)[2][47][31]
  9. 内乌肯龙Neuquensaurus): 7—15米(23—49英尺)[5][48]
  10. 雷前龍Antetonitrus): 8—12.2米(26—40英尺)[5][49]

鳥腳亞目

最長的鳥腳亞目

數種大型鳥腳類恐龍的體型相比。由左到右分別為:山東龍巨保羅龍鴨龍埃德蒙頓龍
  1. 山東龍Shantungosaurus):14.7—18.7米(48—61英尺)[17][5][50][51][52]
  2. 埃德蒙頓龍Edmontosaurus):9—15.2米(30—50英尺)[5][2][53][54][55][56]
  3. 阔步龙Hypsibema):15米(49英尺)?[5]
  4. 贝尼萨尔禽龙Iguanodon):10—13米(33—43英尺)[5][57]
  5. 卡戎龍Charonosaurus):10—13米(33—43英尺)[2][58]
  6. 巨保罗龙Magnapaulia):12.5米(41英尺)[59]
  7. 窄吻櫛龍Saurolophus angustirostris):12米(39英尺)[2][60]

最重的鳥腳亞目

  1. 山東龍: 9.9—22.5 t(10.9—24.8 short ton)[2][16][17][61]
  2. 加尔韦禽龙: 15.3 t(16.9 short ton)[16]
  3. 连接埃德蒙顿龙: 3—13.2 t(3.3—14.6 short ton)[62][17][63][54]
  4. 栉龙: 5—11 t(5.5—12.1 short ton)[16][64]
  5. 贝尼萨尔禽龙: 3.08—8.3 t(3.40—9.15 short ton)[16][65]
  6. 帝王埃德蒙顿龙: 4—7.6 t(4.4—8.4 short ton)[16]
  7. 加拿大短冠龙: 4.5—7 t(5.0—7.7 short ton)[2][16]
  8. 巨齿兰州龙: 6 t(6.6 short ton)[2]
  9. 沃克氏副栉龙: 2.5—5.1 t(2.8—5.6 short ton)[16][17][66][67]
  10. 嘉荫卡戎龙: 5 t(5.5 short ton)[2]

角龍亞目

最長的角龍亞目

以下為身長(包含尾巴)超過6公尺以上的角龍類恐龍。

  1. 始三角龍Eotriceratops):8.5米(28英尺)[2]
  2. 三角龍Triceratops):8米(26英尺)[2]
  3. 牛角龍Torosaurus):8米(26英尺)[2]
  4. 白杨山角龙Ojoceratops):8米(26英尺)[5]
  5. 泰坦角龙Titanoceratops):6.5—6.8米(21—22英尺)[2][68]
  6. 厚鼻龍Pachyrhinosaurus): 6米(20英尺)[2]
  7. 河神龙Achelousaurus): 6米(20英尺)[2]

最小的角龍亞目

  1. 阎王角龙Yamaceratops):50公分。[2]
  2. 辽宁角龙Liaoceratops):50公分。[2]

厚頭龍亞目

最大的厚頭龍亞目

  1. 厚頭龍Pachycephalosaurus):4.5—7米(15—23英尺)[2][5]

最小的厚頭龍亞目

  1. 皖南龍Wannanosaurus):60公分。[69]

装甲类

最長的装甲类

以下为长度超过8米的装甲类恐龙:

  1. 劍龍屬Stegosaurus):6.5—9米(21—30英尺)[2][5]
  2. 雪松甲龙Ankylosaurus):5—9米(16—30英尺)[2][5][70]
  3. 锐龙Dacentrurus):7—8米(23—26英尺)[2][5][71]
  4. 甲龍Ankylosaurus):6.25—8米(20.5—26.2英尺)[5][72][73]
  5. 多智龙Tarchia):4.5—8米(15—26英尺)[2][5]

最小的装甲类

  1. 遼寧龍Liaoningosaurus):34公分,但化石為幼年體。[5]
  2. 小盾龍Scutellosaurus):1.2公尺。[5]
  3. 龍胄龍Dracopelta):2公尺。[5]
  4. 敏迷龍Minmi):2公尺。

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