海洋干涉测量法

海洋干涉测量法（英语：Sea interferometry），也称为海崖干涉测量法，是一种利用从海洋反射的无线电波产生干涉图案的射电天文学技术。^[1] 它是劳埃德镜的无线电波模拟。^[2] 这项技术于1945年至1948年间在澳大利亚发明。^[3]

过程

在悬崖上方放置一个接收天线^[2]接收从源直接传播的无线电波和从水面反射的无线电波。^[1] 然后将两组波合并成一个干涉图案，就像由两个单独的天线产生的那样。^[1]反射的波前在到达探测器之前会额外行进 $2h\sin(\alpha )$ 距离，其中 $h$ 为悬崖高度， $\alpha$ 为入射波前的倾斜度（或高度角）。它充当了第二个天线，其高度是第一个悬崖下面的两倍。^[4]

海上干涉测量仪是“漂移仪器”，即它们固定，指向随着地球的旋转而改变。^[5]其干涉模式在光源上升到地平线以上时就开始急剧变化，而非普通干涉测量仪那样逐渐减弱。^[2]由于它只由一个探测器组成，因此不需要连接电缆或前置放大器。^[4]海上干涉仪的灵敏度也是一对探测器在相同距离下的两倍。^[4]这种仪器大大提高了仪器的角度分辨率。

参考文献

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Radio Astronomy at Dover Heights: Sea interferometry. CSIRO. 2008-02-05 [2010-03-18]. （原始内容存档于2006-08-19）.
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Bolton, J. G.; Slee, O. B. Galactic Radiation at Radio Frequencies V. The Sea Interferometer. Australian Journal of Physics. December 1953, 6 (4): 420–433. Bibcode:1953AuJPh...6..420B. doi:10.1071/PH530420 .
^ W. T. III, Sullivan. Some highlights of Interferometry in early Radio Astronomy. Radio interferometry: Theory, techniques, and applications; Proceedings of the 131st IAU Colloquium, ASP Conference Series (ASP: San Francisco): 132. 1991. Bibcode:1991ASPC...19..132S.
^ ^4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 Goss, W. M.; McGee, Richard X. Under the Radar: The First Woman in Radio Astronomy: Ruby Payne-Scott. Springer-Verlag. 2010: 97–99. ISBN 978-3-642-03141-0. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-03141-0.
^ Heywood, John. Radio Astronomy and How to build your own Telescope 2nd. New York: Arc Books inc. 1969: 90.

[CSIRO-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Radio Astronomy at Dover Heights: Sea interferometry. CSIRO. 2008-02-05 [2010-03-18]. （原始内容存档于2006-08-19）.

[BoltonSlee-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Bolton, J. G.; Slee, O. B. Galactic Radiation at Radio Frequencies V. The Sea Interferometer. Australian Journal of Physics. December 1953, 6 (4): 420–433. Bibcode:1953AuJPh...6..420B. doi:10.1071/PH530420 .

[Sullivan-3] W. T. III, Sullivan. Some highlights of Interferometry in early Radio Astronomy. Radio interferometry: Theory, techniques, and applications; Proceedings of the 131st IAU Colloquium, ASP Conference Series (ASP: San Francisco): 132. 1991. Bibcode:1991ASPC...19..132S.

[GossMcGee-4] 4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 Goss, W. M.; McGee, Richard X. Under the Radar: The First Woman in Radio Astronomy: Ruby Payne-Scott. Springer-Verlag. 2010: 97–99. ISBN 978-3-642-03141-0. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-03141-0.

[Heywood-5] Heywood, John. Radio Astronomy and How to build your own Telescope 2nd. New York: Arc Books inc. 1969: 90.

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