过捕
过捕是一种当掠食者猎杀的猎物比它们能立即使用的还多时展现的行为。它们可能消耗一部分，储存或放弃猎物，这种行为已在浮游生物、豆娘若虫、补食螨、鼬、蜜獾、狼、虎鲸、赤狐、斑鬣狗、蜘蛛、棕熊、猞猁、貂和家猫中观察到。这个词是由荷兰生物学家Hans Kruuk在研究非洲的斑鬣狗[1]和英国的赤狐[2]后发明的。
参考文献[编辑]
- ^ Kruuk, Hans. The Spotted Hyena: A study of predation and social behaviour. 1972: 335. ISBN 0-563-20844-9.
- ^ Macdonald, David. Running with the Fox. 1987: 224. ISBN 0-04-440199-X.
- Jennifer L. Maupin and Susan Reichert, Superfluous killing in spiders （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）.
- Joseph K. Gaydos, Stephen Raverty,Robin W. Baird, and Richard W. Osborne, SUSPECTED SURPLUS KILLING OF HARBOR SEAL PUPS (PHOCA VITULINA) BY KILLER WHALES (ORCINUS ORCA) （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）.
- William G. George and Timothy Kimmel, A Slaughter of Mice by Common Crows.
- [失效链接]Wolf Trust, Wolf Depredation-Surplus Killing'.
- Wildlife Online: Foxes-Surplus Killing, Why do foxes kill to excess... （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）.
- For Wolves: Ralph Maughan Wolf Report, Jackson Trio makes some surplus kills （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）.
- High Country News, Zachary Smith, Wolf pack wiped out for ‘surplus killing’.
- Victor Van Ballenberghe, Technical Information on Wolf Ecology and Wolf/Prey Relationships.
- Ned Rozell, Far North Grizzlies Develop Taste for Muskoxen.
- Pierre-Yves Daoust, Andrew Boyne, Ted D’Eon, Surplus killing of Roseate Terns and Common Terns by a mink.