NGC 346

NGC 346
NGC 346
	哈伯太空望远镜拍摄的NGC 346 ; Credit: HST/NASA/ESA
观测资料 (J2000 历元)
星座	杜鹃座
赤经	00h 59m 05.090s
赤纬	−72° 10′ 33.24″
距离	210,000 光年
物理特征
值得注意特征	电离氢区
其他特征	ESO 51-10, N66
	相关条目：疏散星团、NGC天体表

NGC 346是位于杜鹃座的一个年轻疏散星团，是与小麦哲伦星系（SMC）的星云相关的恒星集团^[4]。它是由苏格兰天文学家詹姆士·敦洛普于1826年8月1日发现的。约翰·路易·埃米尔·德雷耳描述其为“明亮、大、非常不规则的图形，中间明亮得多，类似于双星，有斑点但未能分辨”^[5]。星团周边是小麦哲伦星系中最亮的恒星之一：多星系统 HD 5980^[6]。

该星团位于小麦哲伦星系中最亮，命名为N66的电离氢区中心附近^[7]。它位于这个星系棒的东北部分^[8]，恒星调查已经在这个星团的方向上发现了230颗大质量的OB星^[4]。33个星团成员是O型星，其中有11颗是O6.5型或更早^[8]。星团的内部7017462851637220078♠15 pc半径看起来集中凝聚，而该体积外部的区域则较为分散^[9]。中心附近最年轻的星团成员年龄不到200万岁^[7]，观测结果表明，该星团仍在进行高效率的恒星形成^[7]。星团的形成速率估计为6997400000000000000♠(4±1)×10⁻³ 太阳质量/年^[9]。

图集

欧洲南方天文台的NGC 346影像。
ESO image of NGC 346
詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜近红外相机（英语：NIRCam）拍摄的NGC 346。

显著的恒星^[10]
Walborn	ELS	MPG	NMC	SSN	光谱类型	有效温度 (K)	绝对星等	热星等	质量 (M_☉)
	207758	755 (HD 5980/AB5)			LBV WN4 OI	45,000 45,000 34,000	−7.1 (−8.1) −6.8 −6.7	−11.135 −10.885 −9.885	61 66 34
1		435	26	7	O5.5If	43,400	−6.7	−10.7	91
	1	789		5	O7If	38,900	−7	−10.7	85
3		355	29	9	O3V	51,300	−5.7	−10.3	76
6	7	324	32	13	O4V	48,600	−5.2	−9.6	54
4		342	30	11	O5.5V	44,900	−5.5	−9.7	53
		368	28	15	O5.5V	44,900	−5	−9.2	43
2		470	25		O8.5III	35,700	−5.4	−8.9	34

参考资料

^ Hubble Heritage Site. Results for NGC 346. [2007-04-03]. （原始内容存档于2009-02-11）.
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 Sturm, R.; et al. The XMM-Newton survey of the Small Magellanic Cloud: The X-ray point-source catalogue. Astronomy & Astrophysics. October 2013, 558: 31. Bibcode:2013A&A...558A...3S. S2CID 118620464. arXiv:1307.7594 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201219935. A3.
^ NGC 346. SIMBAD. 斯特拉斯堡天文资料中心.
^ ^4.0 ^4.1 Dufton, P. L.; et al. The NGC 346 massive star census. Nitrogen abundances for apparently single, narrow lined, hydrogen core burning B-type stars. Astronomy & Astrophysics. February 2020, 634: 15. Bibcode:2020A&A...634A...6D. S2CID 209376523. arXiv:1912.07539 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201936921. A6.
^ Seligman, Courtney. New General Catalogue objects: NGC 300 - 349. cseligman.com. [2020-09-17]. （原始内容存档于2023-07-29）.
^ Nazé, Y.; et al. An X-Ray Investigation of the NGC 346 Field in the Small Magellanic Cloud I. The Luminous Blue Variable HD 5980 and the NGC 346 Cluster. The Astrophysical Journal. November 2002, 580 (1): 225–234. Bibcode:2002ApJ...580..225N. S2CID 118907796. arXiv:astro-ph/0208289 . doi:10.1086/343079.
^ ^7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 Dufton, P. L.; et al. A census of massive stars in NGC 346. Stellar parameters and rotational velocities. Astronomy & Astrophysics. June 2019, 626: 28. Bibcode:2019A&A...626A..50D. S2CID 148571638. arXiv:1905.03359 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201935415. A50.
^ ^8.0 ^8.1 Rubio, M.; et al. Massive young stellar objects in the N 66/NGC 346 region of the SMC. Astronomy & Astrophysics. July 2018, 615: 9. Bibcode:2018A&A...615A.121R. S2CID 119190580. arXiv:1803.10833 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201730487. A121.
^ ^9.0 ^9.1 Hony, S.; et al. Star formation rates from young-star counts and the structure of the ISM across the NGC 346/N66 complex in the SMC. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. April 2015, 448 (2): 1847–1862. Bibcode:2015MNRAS.448.1847H. arXiv:1501.03634 . doi:10.1093/mnras/stv107.
^ Massey, Philip; Waterhouse, Elizabeth; DeGioia-Eastwood, Kathleen. The Progenitor Masses of Wolf-Rayet Stars and Luminous Blue Variables Determined from Cluster Turnoffs. I. Results from 19 OB Associations in the Magellanic Clouds. The Astronomical Journal. May 2000, 119 (5): 2214–2241. Bibcode:2000AJ....119.2214M. ISSN 0004-6256. S2CID 16891188. arXiv:astro-ph/0002233 . doi:10.1086/301345.

外部链接

维基共享资源上的相关多媒体资源：NGC 346
（[//web.archive.org/web/20121018181926/http://www.esa.int/esaSC/SEMLKL4N0MF_index_0.html 页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） ESA'
Hubble Heritage site Hubble picture and information on NGC 346 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
ESO Beautiful Image of a Cosmic Sculpture （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
NASA Astronomy Picture of the Day: Young Stars of NGC 346 (28 September 2008)
NASA Astronomy Picture of the Day: NGC 346 in the Small Magellanic Cloud (17 October 2010)

天文学目录
NGC天体表：	NGC 344 - NGC 345 - NGC 346 - NGC 347 - NGC 348

[her-1] Hubble Heritage Site. Results for NGC 346. [2007-04-03]. （原始内容存档于2009-02-11）.

[Sturm2013-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Sturm, R.; et al. The XMM-Newton survey of the Small Magellanic Cloud: The X-ray point-source catalogue. Astronomy & Astrophysics. October 2013, 558: 31. Bibcode:2013A&A...558A...3S. S2CID 118620464. arXiv:1307.7594 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201219935. A3.

[simbad-3] NGC 346. SIMBAD. 斯特拉斯堡天文资料中心.

[Dufton2020-4] 4.0 ^4.1 Dufton, P. L.; et al. The NGC 346 massive star census. Nitrogen abundances for apparently single, narrow lined, hydrogen core burning B-type stars. Astronomy & Astrophysics. February 2020, 634: 15. Bibcode:2020A&A...634A...6D. S2CID 209376523. arXiv:1912.07539 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201936921. A6.

[cseligman-5] Seligman, Courtney. New General Catalogue objects: NGC 300 - 349. cseligman.com. [2020-09-17]. （原始内容存档于2023-07-29）.

[Nazé2002-6] Nazé, Y.; et al. An X-Ray Investigation of the NGC 346 Field in the Small Magellanic Cloud I. The Luminous Blue Variable HD 5980 and the NGC 346 Cluster. The Astrophysical Journal. November 2002, 580 (1): 225–234. Bibcode:2002ApJ...580..225N. S2CID 118907796. arXiv:astro-ph/0208289 . doi:10.1086/343079.

[Dufton2019-7] 7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 Dufton, P. L.; et al. A census of massive stars in NGC 346. Stellar parameters and rotational velocities. Astronomy & Astrophysics. June 2019, 626: 28. Bibcode:2019A&A...626A..50D. S2CID 148571638. arXiv:1905.03359 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201935415. A50.

[Rubio2018-8] 8.0 ^8.1 Rubio, M.; et al. Massive young stellar objects in the N 66/NGC 346 region of the SMC. Astronomy & Astrophysics. July 2018, 615: 9. Bibcode:2018A&A...615A.121R. S2CID 119190580. arXiv:1803.10833 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201730487. A121.

[Hony2015-9] 9.0 ^9.1 Hony, S.; et al. Star formation rates from young-star counts and the structure of the ISM across the NGC 346/N66 complex in the SMC. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. April 2015, 448 (2): 1847–1862. Bibcode:2015MNRAS.448.1847H. arXiv:1501.03634 . doi:10.1093/mnras/stv107.

[:4-10] Massey, Philip; Waterhouse, Elizabeth; DeGioia-Eastwood, Kathleen. The Progenitor Masses of Wolf-Rayet Stars and Luminous Blue Variables Determined from Cluster Turnoffs. I. Results from 19 OB Associations in the Magellanic Clouds. The Astronomical Journal. May 2000, 119 (5): 2214–2241. Bibcode:2000AJ....119.2214M. ISSN 0004-6256. S2CID 16891188. arXiv:astro-ph/0002233 . doi:10.1086/301345.

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