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盖层

维基百科,自由的百科全书

盖层(英语:caprock)是指位于石油储层之上能够封隔油气向上逸散的保护层。盖层的好坏直接影响石油储层中的聚集和保存[1]。常见的盖层有泥岩页岩、蒸发岩(石膏、盐岩)和质密灰岩。盖层之所以能封盖油层,是因为盖层具有较低渗透率和高的排替压力(英语:displacement pressure[2]。盖层空隙中多含水,油气要通过其运移,必须首先排替其中的水;如果驱使石油运移的浮力未达到进入盖层所需的排替压力值,则石油就被封闭于盖层之下,即所谓的毛细管封闭(英语:capillary seal[3]

参见

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参考文献

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  1. ^ Talal M. Al Bazali;Jianguo Zhang; Martin E. Chenevert;Mukul Mani Sharma(2005). Measurement of the Sealing Capacity of Shale Caprocks.Paper presented at the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Dallas, Texas, October 2005.Paper Number: SPE-96100-MShttps://doi.org/10.2118/96100-MS
  2. ^ P.F.Boulin P.Bretonnier V.Vassil A.Samouillet M.Fleury J.M.Lombard(2013). Sealing efficiency of caprocks: Experimental investigation of entry pressure measurement methods.Marine and Petroleum Geology Volume 48
  3. ^ N.Shojai Kaveh A.Barnhoorn K.H.Wolf(2016)Wettability evaluation of silty shale caprocks for CO2 storage.International Journal of Greenhouse Gas ControlVolume 49