非洲参考字母
非洲参考字母是在1978年，由联合国教育科学文化组织在尼日尔尼亚美的会议中提出，并在1982年作出修订。该会议建议每个音素只用一个字母，而非多个字母的组合或使用标音符号。
1978年版[编辑]
| 小写字母 | a | ɑ | b | ɓ | c | c̱ | d | ḏ | ɖ | ɗ | đ | |
| 大写字母 | A | Ɑ | B | Ɓ | C | C̱ | D | Ḏ | Ɖ | Ɗ | Đ | |
| 小写字母 | e | ɛ | ǝ | f | ƒ | g | ɣ | h | ẖ | i | ɩ | |
| 大写字母 | E | Ɛ | Ǝ | F | Ƒ | G | Ɣ | H | H̱ | I | Ɩ | |
| 小写字母 | j | k | ƙ | l | m | n | ŋ | o | ɔ | p | q | |
| 大写字母 | J | K | Ƙ | L | M | N | Ŋ | O | Ɔ | P | Q | |
| 小写字母 | q̱ | r | ɍ | s | s̱ | ʃ | t | ṯ | ƭ | ʈ | ɵ | u |
| 大写字母 | Q̱ | R | Ɍ | S | S̱ | Ʃ | T | Ṯ | Ƭ | Ʈ | Ɵ | U |
| 小写字母 | ʊ | v | ʋ | w | x | x̱ | y | ƴ | z | ẕ |  |
ʒ |
| 大写字母 | Ʊ | V | Ʋ | W | X | X̱ | Y | Ƴ | Z | Ẕ | |
Ʒ |
1982年版[编辑]
| a | ɑ | ʌ | b | ɓ | c | ƈ | ç | d | ɗ | ɖ | đ | e | ɛ | ǝ |
| f | ƒ | g | ɠ | ɣ | h | ɦ | i | ɩ | j | ɟ | k | ƙ | l | λ |
| m | n | ɴ | ŋ | ɲ | o | ɔ | p | ƥ | q | r | ɽ | s | ʃ | t |
| ƭ | ʈ | ɵ | u | ω | v | ʋ | w | x | y | ƴ | z | ʒ | ƹ | ʔ |
参考[编辑]
- Mann, Michael, and David Dalby. 1987. A thesaurus of African languages: A classified and annotated inventory of the spoken languages of Africa with an appendix on their written representation. London: Hans Zell Publishers.
- African Languages: Proceedings of the meeting of experts on the transcription and harmonization of African languages, Niamey (Niger), 17 - 21 July 1978 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, Paris: UNESCO, 1981