戰術空軍管制組

戰術空中管制組（英語：Tactical Air Control Party-TACP），是一支由空軍或海軍陸戰隊人員組成的小組，用以解決空域衝突，並在地面部隊中為密接空中支援戰機提供末端引導。

澳大利亞[編輯]

澳大利亞的戰術空中管制員隸屬於澳大利亞皇家空軍，主要負責協調空中力量支援地面部隊。^[1]

英國[編輯]

在英國軍隊中，戰術空中管制組的人員可能來自於皇家海軍陸戰隊，^[2]英國陸軍或英國皇家空軍團。^[3]每個戰術空中管制組都有四名成員：一名軍官、一名前線空中管制員（FAC）和兩名信號官（JNCO）。前線空中管制員主要使用一系列通訊設備向飛行員提供具體坐標，從而引導戰機為地面部隊提供火力支援。

在第二次世界大戰中，「空軍聯絡官」是英國皇家空軍主要派駐在英國軍隊或外國軍隊中的士官，以建立各部門間與皇家空軍的聯繫。^[4]

薩塞克斯公爵哈里王子曾在阿富汗擔任過TACP指揮官。^[5]^[6]

英國軍方的前進空中管制員和戰術空中管制員均在聯合前進空軍管制員訓練標準化中心（JFACTSU）接受培訓。^[7]

美國[編輯]

美國空軍戰術空中管制組[編輯]

美國空軍戰術空中管制員通常併入常規美國陸軍作戰單位或特種作戰單位（包括美國陸軍特種部隊（ODA）、第75遊騎兵團、包括團屬偵察連、美國海軍海豹突擊隊、聯合特種作戰司令部以及其他特種任務部隊中，主要負責向地面指揮官提供空中力量使用建議，建立並維持空中指揮與空中管制通信，並為美軍或聯軍固定密接空中支援戰機，地面火炮和海軍炮火提供精確的末端攻擊引導。

海軍陸戰隊前線空中管制員[編輯]

每個美國海軍陸戰隊步兵營都部署了一名前線空中管制員（FAC），前線空中管制員主要選拔自海軍陸戰隊航空兵或海軍航空兵，主要負責戰鬥機/攻擊機/攻擊直升機與步兵營之間的聯絡。除此之外還有另外兩名前線空中管制員和三名聯合終端攻擊控制員部署在步兵營中。理想情況下，三名前線空中管制員擁有三種不同的駕駛技能：一名戰術噴射機飛行員或海軍飛行員（F/A-18或AV-8B）、一名戰術直升機飛行員（AH-1W或UH-1Y）和一名突擊支援飛行員（CH-53K、KC-130J或MV-22）。而三名聯合終端攻擊控制員也會來自海軍陸戰隊或陸軍炮兵單位.

除了三名前線空中管制員和三名聯合終端攻擊控制員外，每個海軍陸戰隊步兵營還擁有八名聯合火力觀察員（JFO）部署在步兵連間。

參見[編輯]

前進空中管制員

參考文獻[編輯]

^ Operations Officer - Defence Jobs Australia. Defencejobs.gov.au. [2014-07-19]. （原始內容存檔於2017-07-22）.
^ Royal Marines Reserve Specialist Qualifications. [2020-02-22]. （原始內容存檔於2007-08-10）. 608 Tactical Air Control Party, or 608 TACP as it is known in the Corps, is part of RMR Merseyside. Every TACP has four members, including one officer, whose role is described in the Forward Air Controller section. RMR Merseyside trains personnel at both the Manchester and Liverpool Detachments to be part of the TACP. The role of this small team is to provide accurate descriptions and locations of targets, and indicate those targets using laser technology, to fast jets and other attack aircraft carrying a wide variety of weaponry.
^ RAF Regiment Roles. （原始內容存檔於9 March 2014）. The RAF Regiment provides both a Flight and a TACP to the Special Forces Support Group (SFSG). Specially selected Officers and Gunners operate at a high operational tempo in direct support of UK Special Forces operations worldwide.
^ David Ian Hall, Page 80, Strategy for Victory: The Development of British Tactical Air Power, 1919-1943. Westport, Conn.: Praeger Security International, 2008. ISBN 9780313350085
^ Timeline: A terrorist-fighting prince. The Daily Telegraph. 29 February 2008. After brief in-theatre training he catches a flight directly to FOB Dwyer. He takes up his place in the TACP working under the direct command of battlegroup Battery Commander Major Andrew Dimmock of the Royal Artillery.
^ Ministers and Chiefs make statements on Prince Harry's Afghan deployment. MODUK. [2020-02-22]. （原始內容存檔於2012-09-29）. This 3 month deployment has shown that it is perfectly possible for Prince Harry to be employed just the same as other Army officers of his rank and experience. His role as the commander of the Tactical Air Control Party (TACP) in charge of the Household Cavalry Regiment Battlegroup Forward Air Controllers (FAC) is one that he had trained for last year. As such, he was responsible for the logistical resupply of the Battlegroup by air, surveillance of the area by both manned and unmanned aircraft and protection tasks which includes controlling aircraft onto their targets.
^ Training the RAF's eyes and ears. BBC News. 14 February 2009 [6 January 2010]. （原始內容存檔於2023-10-21）. In the bitter cold and wind of the North Yorkshire Moors, a group of soldiers, Royal Marines and others are learning how to call in air-strikes and become 'forward air controllers' on the front lines in Afghanistan.

外部連結[編輯]

[1] Operations Officer - Defence Jobs Australia. Defencejobs.gov.au. [2014-07-19]. （原始內容存檔於2017-07-22）.

[2] Royal Marines Reserve Specialist Qualifications. [2020-02-22]. （原始內容存檔於2007-08-10）. 608 Tactical Air Control Party, or 608 TACP as it is known in the Corps, is part of RMR Merseyside. Every TACP has four members, including one officer, whose role is described in the Forward Air Controller section. RMR Merseyside trains personnel at both the Manchester and Liverpool Detachments to be part of the TACP. The role of this small team is to provide accurate descriptions and locations of targets, and indicate those targets using laser technology, to fast jets and other attack aircraft carrying a wide variety of weaponry.

[3] RAF Regiment Roles. （原始內容存檔於9 March 2014）. The RAF Regiment provides both a Flight and a TACP to the Special Forces Support Group (SFSG). Specially selected Officers and Gunners operate at a high operational tempo in direct support of UK Special Forces operations worldwide.

[4] David Ian Hall, Page 80, Strategy for Victory: The Development of British Tactical Air Power, 1919-1943. Westport, Conn.: Praeger Security International, 2008. ISBN 9780313350085

[5] Timeline: A terrorist-fighting prince. The Daily Telegraph. 29 February 2008. After brief in-theatre training he catches a flight directly to FOB Dwyer. He takes up his place in the TACP working under the direct command of battlegroup Battery Commander Major Andrew Dimmock of the Royal Artillery.

[6] Ministers and Chiefs make statements on Prince Harry's Afghan deployment. MODUK. [2020-02-22]. （原始內容存檔於2012-09-29）. This 3 month deployment has shown that it is perfectly possible for Prince Harry to be employed just the same as other Army officers of his rank and experience. His role as the commander of the Tactical Air Control Party (TACP) in charge of the Household Cavalry Regiment Battlegroup Forward Air Controllers (FAC) is one that he had trained for last year. As such, he was responsible for the logistical resupply of the Battlegroup by air, surveillance of the area by both manned and unmanned aircraft and protection tasks which includes controlling aircraft onto their targets.

[7] Training the RAF's eyes and ears. BBC News. 14 February 2009 [6 January 2010]. （原始內容存檔於2023-10-21）. In the bitter cold and wind of the North Yorkshire Moors, a group of soldiers, Royal Marines and others are learning how to call in air-strikes and become 'forward air controllers' on the front lines in Afghanistan.

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