斯圖爾特冰期

斯圖爾特冰期是成冰紀的一次或多次冰期^[1]^:729–732，當時全球都在反覆經歷大規模的冰川作用。^[2]^:1–16斯圖爾特冰期的長度很不確定，大約位於717至643 Ma。^[3]^[4]^:459–462^[1]Stern等則認為這一時期在7.15～6.8億年前。^[5]^:1–20

據Eyles和Young，「冰成岩在澳大利亞東南和加拿大北部科迪勒拉山脈（英語：Pacific Cordillera (Canada)）的新元古代地層中尤為突出。斯圖爾特冰川序列(約740 Ma)非整合地覆蓋於伯拉群岩石之上。」斯圖爾特序列包括兩個大型混雜沉積岩-泥岩序列，展現了冰川興亡周期。與北美洲拉皮坦群可以在地層上對應。^[6]

斯圖爾特冰期的名稱來自南澳州貝爾維尤高地（英語：Bellevue Heights, South Australia）附近的斯圖爾特峽谷（英語：Sturt Gorge Recreation Park）暴露的斯圖爾特冰磧岩。

名字的詞源[編輯]

地質學[編輯]

在每個大陸上都可以找到保存斯圖爾特冰冰川作用證據的岩石。值得注意的部分位於澳大利亞、加拿大、中國、衣索比亞、納米比亞、西伯利亞和斯瓦爾巴。

挪威北部羅伊什冰積（英語：Reusch's Moraine）可能在這一時期沉積。^[7]^:765–788

另見[編輯]

阿德萊德超盆地（英語：Adelaide Superbasin）

馬林諾冰期（英語：Marinoan glaciation）

參考[編輯]

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 Kendall, Brian; Creaser, Robert A.; Selby, David. Re-Os geochronology of postglacial black shales in Australia: Constraints on the timing of Sturtian glaciation. Geology. September 2006, 34 (9). doi:10.1130/g22775.1.
^ Arnaud, Emmanuelle; Halverson, Galen P.; Shields-Zhou, Graham Anthony. Chapter 1 The geological record of Neoproterozoic ice ages. Memoirs. 30 November 2011, 36 (1). doi:10.1144/M36.1 .
^ Macdonald, Francis A. Neoproterozoic Glaciation. Harvard University. [17 August 2017]. （原始內容存檔於2021-10-20）.
^ Rooney, Alan D.; Strauss, Justin V.; Brandon, Alan D.; Macdonald, Francis A. A Cryogenian chronology: Two long-lasting synchronous Neoproterozoic glaciations. Geology. 2015, 43 (5). Bibcode:2015Geo....43..459R. doi:10.1130/G36511.1.
^ Stern, R.J.; Avigad, D.; Miller, N.R.; Beyth, M. Geological Society of Africa Presidential Review: Evidence for the Snowball Earth Hypothesis in the Arabian-Nubian Shield and the East African Orogen. Journal of African Earth Sciences. 2006, 44 (1). Bibcode:2006JAfES..44....1S. doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2005.10.003.
^ Eyles, Nicholas; Young, Grant. Geodynamic controls on glaciation in Earth history. Deynoux, M.; Miller, J. M. G.; Domack, E. W.; Eyles, N.; Fairchild, I. J.; Young, G. M. (編). Earth's Glacial Record. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1994: 5–10. ISBN 978-0521548038.
^ Arnaud, Emmanuelle; Eyles, Carolyn H. Glacial influence on Neoproterozoic sedimentation: the Smalfjord Formation, northern Norway. Sedimentology. 2002, 49 (4). Bibcode:2002Sedim..49..765A. doi:10.1046/j.1365-3091.2002.00466.x.

[Kendall-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Kendall, Brian; Creaser, Robert A.; Selby, David. Re-Os geochronology of postglacial black shales in Australia: Constraints on the timing of Sturtian glaciation. Geology. September 2006, 34 (9). doi:10.1130/g22775.1.

[Arnaud_2011b-2] Arnaud, Emmanuelle; Halverson, Galen P.; Shields-Zhou, Graham Anthony. Chapter 1 The geological record of Neoproterozoic ice ages. Memoirs. 30 November 2011, 36 (1). doi:10.1144/M36.1 .

[3] Macdonald, Francis A. Neoproterozoic Glaciation. Harvard University. [17 August 2017]. （原始內容存檔於2021-10-20）.

[4] Rooney, Alan D.; Strauss, Justin V.; Brandon, Alan D.; Macdonald, Francis A. A Cryogenian chronology: Two long-lasting synchronous Neoproterozoic glaciations. Geology. 2015, 43 (5). Bibcode:2015Geo....43..459R. doi:10.1130/G36511.1.

[Stern2006-5] Stern, R.J.; Avigad, D.; Miller, N.R.; Beyth, M. Geological Society of Africa Presidential Review: Evidence for the Snowball Earth Hypothesis in the Arabian-Nubian Shield and the East African Orogen. Journal of African Earth Sciences. 2006, 44 (1). Bibcode:2006JAfES..44....1S. doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2005.10.003.

[Eyles-6] Eyles, Nicholas; Young, Grant. Geodynamic controls on glaciation in Earth history. Deynoux, M.; Miller, J. M. G.; Domack, E. W.; Eyles, N.; Fairchild, I. J.; Young, G. M. (編). Earth's Glacial Record. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1994: 5–10. ISBN 978-0521548038.

[ArnaudEyles2002-7] Arnaud, Emmanuelle; Eyles, Carolyn H. Glacial influence on Neoproterozoic sedimentation: the Smalfjord Formation, northern Norway. Sedimentology. 2002, 49 (4). Bibcode:2002Sedim..49..765A. doi:10.1046/j.1365-3091.2002.00466.x.

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